;+
; NAME: 
;    WEBGET()
;
; PURPOSE: 
;    Use the IDL SOCKET procedure to get data from http servers
;
; EXPLANATION: 
;     WEBGET() can access http servers - even from behind a firewall - 
;     and perform simple downloads. Currently, text and FITS files can be 
;     accessed.    
;
; CALLING SEQUENCE: 
;      a=webget(URL)
;
; INPUTS: 
;      URL - scalar string giving a fully qualified url of the form
;          'http://server.eso.org/path/file.html'.    WEBGET() can
;          also use other valid URLs that contain 'GET' or 'POST' codes.
;
; OPTIONAL INPUT KEYWORD PARAMETERS: 
;       COPYFILE - if set to a valid filename (file must have write permission),
;            the data contents of the web server's answer is copied to that 
;            file.
;       HTTP10 - If set, then use the HTTP 1.0 
;       POST - if set to a structure, the structure tags and values
;              will be used as post variables and POST'ed to the URL.
;              If POST is not set, the normal HTTP GET is used to
;              retrieve the URL.
;       /SILENT - If set, the information error messages are suppressed
;       TIMEOUT - Integer scalar giving number of seconds to wait to connect 
;                or for data to arrive before giving up and issuing an error.
;                Default=15 seconds 
; OUTPUTS: A structure with the following fields:
;
;            .Header - the HTTP header sent by the server
;
;            .Text   - The text part of the downloaded file. If the
;                     content type of the file was not of class
;                     'text',  this will be an empty string.
;
;            .ImageHeader - Header file of a FITS-image. FITS images
;                          are read when the content type is
;                          'image/fits' or 'application/octet-stream'
;                          (for dss-access). If the file is not a FITS
;                          image,  this will be an empty string.
;
;            .Image - The FITS image read from the server. If the file
;                    did not contain a FITS image,  this will be zero.
;
;
; RESTRICTIONS: 
;     The mime-type recognition is extremely limited. Only the content-type is 
;     determined. Any text-file  will be stored in out.Text. The only other 
;     category which can be fetched is FITS files,  which will be stored in 
;     out.Image and out.ImageHeader.
;
;     PROXY: If you are behind a firewall and have to access the net through a 
;         Web proxy,  set the environment variable 'http_proxy' to point to 
;         your proxy server and port, e.g. 
;         'setenv http_proxy=http://web-proxy.mpia-hd.mpg.de:3128'
;
;               The URL *MUST* begin with "http://".
;
; PROCEDURE: 
;     Open a socket to the webserver and download the header. After deciding 
;     whether it is text or binary, either store the text or try to read a 
;     FITS file.
;
; EXAMPLE: 
;      IDL> a=webget('http://www.mpia.de/index.html')
;      IDL> print,a.Text
;      or
;
;          > PointingRA=0.0
;          > PointingDE=30.0
;          > QueryURL = strcompress("http://archive.eso.org/dss/dss/image?ra="+$
;          >                          string(PointingRA)+$
;          >                          "&dec="+$
;          >                          string(PointingDE)+$
;          >                          "&x=10&y=10&Sky-Survey=DSS1&mime-type=download-fits", $
;          >                          /remove)
;          > a=webget(QueryURL)
;          > tvscl,a.Image
;          > print,a.ImageHead
;
;
; MODIFICATION HISTORY: 
;     Written by M. Feldt, Heidelberg, Oct 2001 <mfeldt@mpia.de>
;     Use /swap_if_little_endian keyword to SOCKET  W. Landsman August 2002
;     Less restrictive search on Content-Type   W. Landsman   April 2003
;     Modified to work with FIRST image server-  A. Barth, Nov 2006
;     Better recovery from errors  W. Landsman  April 2007
;     Add support for POST access               J.D. Smith    June 2007
;     Recognize "fits" image type used by SKYVIEW   W. Landsman  June 2007
;     Upgraded, partially, to HTTP 1.1				M. Perrin, July 2007
;       The HTTP 1.1 support is presently INCOMPLETE: virtual servers are
;       supported, but chunked transfer encoding is not yet supported, so
;       technically this is not fully HTTP 1.1 compliant.
;     Added http10 keyword  W. Landsman   August 2007
;     Assume since V5.6, sockets always available  W. Landsman Nov 2007
;     Fix problem when using proxy server   W. Landsman July 2008
;     Fix problem with /SILENT keyword  W. Landsman  Jan 2009
;     Added check for missing Mime TYPE in CLASSANDTYPE, Zarro, December 2011
;     Timeout applies to connecting as well as reading, default is now 15
;               seconds  W Landsman January 2012
;-

PRO MimeType,  Header, Class, Type, Length
;;
;; MIME type recognition
;
  Class = 'text'
  Type = 'simple'               ; in case no information found...    
  def = strupcase(strmid(header,0,13))
  g = where(def EQ 'CONTENT-TYPE:', Ng)
  if Ng GT 0 then begin
       ClassAndType = strmid(Header[g[0]], 14, strlen(Header[g[0]])-1)
       temp=strsplit(ClassAndType, '/', /extract)
       Class=temp[0]
       if n_elements(temp) gt 1 then Type=temp[1]
  ENDIF 
  def = strupcase(strmid(header,0,15))
  g = where(def EQ 'CONTENT-LENGTH:', Ng)
  if Ng GT 0 then $
         Length = long(strmid(Header[g[0]], 15, strlen(Header[g[0]])-1))
  return
END 

FUNCTION webget,  url,  SILENT=silent, COPYFILE=copyfile, POST=post, $
   HTTP10=http10, timeout=timeout
   compile_opt idl2
  ;;
   ;;
  ;; define the result fields
  ;;
  Header = strarr(256)
  Data = strarr(256)
  Image = 0
  ImageHeader = ''
  
  ;; Setup post variables
  if n_elements(post) ne 0 then begin 
     method='POST'
     t=tag_names(post)
     post_vars=strarr(n_elements(t))
     for i=0,n_elements(t)-1 do $
        post_vars[i]=strlowcase(t[i])+'='+strtrim(post.(i),2)
     post_vars=strjoin(post_vars,'&')
     post_data=['Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded',$
                'Content-Length: '+strtrim(strlen(post_vars),2), $
                '', $
                post_vars]
  endif else method='GET'
  
  
  ;;
  ;; open the connection and request the file
  ;;
  ProtocolString = keyword_set(http10) ? "HTTP/1.0" : " HTTP/1.1"
  UserAgentString= "IDL "+!version.release+' on '+!VERSION.OS+'/'+!VERSION.ARCH
  Proxy = getenv('http_proxy')
  slash1 = StrPos(strmid(url, 7), '/')    ;Position of first slash
  Server = StrMid(url, 7, slash1 )
  if N_elements(timeout) EQ 0 then timeout=15

  IF Proxy NE '' THEN BEGIN 
     ;;
     ;; sort out proxy name
     ;;
     LastColon = StrPos(Proxy, ':', /Reverse_Search)
     ProxyPort = fix(StrMid(Proxy, LastColon+1))
     ProxyServer = StrMid(Proxy, 7, LastColon-7)
     ;; open the connection and send the 'GET' command
     socket, unit, ProxyServer,  ProxyPort, /get_lun, /swap_if_little_endian, $
             read_timeout=timeout,connect_timeout=timeout
     printf, unit, method+' '+url+ProtocolString
  ENDIF ELSE BEGIN 
     ;;
     ;; same thing easier without proxy
     ;;
     purl = strmid(url,slash1+7)
     Port = 80
     socket, unit, Server,  Port, /get_lun,/swap_if_little_endian, $
          connect_timeout=timeout,read_timeout=timeout
     printf, unit, method+' '+purl + ProtocolString
  ENDELSE 
  ;; These lines are the same for either with or without proxy.
  ;; in HTTP 1.1 we MUST include the Host: line to allow requests
  ;; from co-hosted virtual servers to operate properly.
  printf, unit, "Host: "+Server
  printf, unit, 'User-Agent: '+ UserAgentString
  ;; HTTP 1.1 clients must either support persistent connections, or indicate
  ;; they do not by stating Connection: close
  printf, unit, "Connection: close"

  ;; Add the POST data, if requested
  if n_elements(post) ne 0 then printf,unit,transpose(post_data)
  ;; Blank line required to terminate HTTP request.
  printf, unit, ''

  LinesRead = 0
  text = 'xxx'
  ;;
  ;; now read the header
  ;;
On_IOERROR, done
  WHILE  text NE '' do begin
      readf, unit, text
      Header[LinesRead] = text
      LinesRead = LinesRead+1
      IF LinesRead MOD 256 EQ 0 THEN $
        Header=[Header, StrArr(256)]
  ENDWHILE 
DONE: On_IOERROR, NULL
  ;;
  if LinesRead EQ 0 then begin
      message,'Unable to read HTTP server',/CON
      free_lun,unit
      return,{Header:'', Text:'', ImageHeader:ImageHeader,  Image: Image}
  endif    
  Header = Header[0:LinesRead-1]
  MimeType, Header, Class,  Type, Length; analyze the header
  ;;
  IF Keyword_Set(CopyFile) THEN BEGIN
      openw, wunit, CopyFile, /get_lun
      aaa = bytarr(Length,/nozero)
      readu, unit, aaa
      writeu, wunit, aaa
      free_lun, wunit
      free_lun, unit
      return, 1
  ENDIF 
  ;;
  text = '' ;initialize text fields
  LinesRead = 0l
  ;;

  CASE Class OF 
      'text': BEGIN 
          ;;
          ;; read anything of class 'text'
          WHILE  eof(unit) EQ 0 do begin
              readf, unit, text
              Data[LinesRead] = text
              LinesRead = LinesRead+1
              IF LinesRead MOD 256 EQ 0 THEN $
                Data=[Data, StrArr(256)]
          ENDWHILE 
          if LinesRead EQ 0 then if not keyword_set(SILENT) then $
	       message,'ERROR - no lines of text read',/CON
          Data = Data[0:(LinesRead-1) > 0 ]
      END 
      'image':BEGIN
          CASE Type OF
              'x-fits': Image = readfits(unit, ImageHeader)
	      'fits': Image = readfits(unit, ImageHeader)
              else: message,'Unrecognized  image type of ' + type
          ENDCASE 
      END 
      'application':BEGIN 
          CASE Type OF
              'octet-stream':BEGIN ; try reading a FITS file because ESO 
                                   ; answers this way
                  Image = readfits(unit, ImageHeader)
               END 
               'force-download': BEGIN     ; need this for FIRST survey
                   image = readfits(unit, imageheader)
               END

          ENDCASE 
      END 
  ENDCASE 

  IF LinesRead EQ 0 THEN Data = ''
  free_lun, unit
  return, {Header:Header, Text:Data, ImageHeader:ImageHeader,  Image: Image}
END