NGC 6402 / C1735-032 / Messier 14 (Updated June 2014) RA: 17:37:36.10 DEC: -03:14:45.3 (J2000) ============================================================ Bytes Format Explanation 1-8 A8 Star ID 10-32 A11,1x,A11 Position 34-35 A2 Units for position R0 denotes RA, DEC in the J2000 coordinates R5 denotes RA, DEC in the 1950 coordinates XA denotes X, Y in arcseconds XP denotes X, Y in pixels 37-44 F8.4 Period (days) 46-51 F6.3 Mean magnitude (or maximum magnitude if "max" is indicated in the remarks column) 53-57 F5.3 Light amplitude (range of variability) 59 A1 Colour for mean magnitude and amplitude e.g. B, V, R, I, J, K or P (for photographic). 61-65 A5 Type of variable (draft 2006 GCVS classifications) CST denotes non variable stars previously designated as variables 67-80 A19 Notes and Remarks (f denotes field star) "--" or "----" indicates no data available ========================================================================= ID Position Period ampl C Type Notes/ RA/X Dec/Y Units Remarks ========================================================================= 1 17:37:37.22 -03:13:59.4 R0 18.729 15.35 1.9 B CW 2 17:37:28.39 -03:16:44.7 R0 2.7947 16.4 1.2 B CW 3 17:37:35.87 -03:16:14.8 R0 0.5223 17.35 0.9 B RR0 4 17:37:46.87 -03:13:32.9 R0 0.6514 18.05 1.4 B RR0 5 17:37:27.02 -03:13:16.5 R0 0.5488 18.05 1.6 B RR0 6 17:37:38.87 -03:16:03.0 R0 ---- 16.7 1.1 B SR 7 17:37:40.25 -03:16:22.0 R0 13.6038 16.0 1.2 B CW 8 17:37:42.47 -03:14:10.2 R0 0.6860 18.15 0.85 B RR0 9 17:37:46.21 -03:15:25.1 R0 0.5387 17.95 1.4 B RR0 10 17:37:32.77 -03:18:09.9 R0 0.5860 17.95 1.4 B RR0 11 17:37:49.14 -03:18:28.5 R0 0.6044 17.5 1.7 B RR0 12 17:37:51.11 -03:17:43.1 R0 0.5045 18.05 1.6 B RR0 13 17:37:34.21 -03:16:44.2 R0 0.5340 18.05 1.7 B RR0 14 17:37:39.63 -03:14:48.5 R0 0.4722 17.9 1.6 B RR0? 15 17:37:27.14 -03:12:17.7 R0 0.5578 17.95 1.8 B RR0 16 17:37:30.83 -03:15:21.3 R0 0.6005 17.75 1.5 B RR0 17 17:37:20.90 -03:12:42.8 R0 12.091 15.95 0.9 B CW 18 17:37:40.28 -03:15:07.7 R0 0.4790 17.8 1.3 B RR0 19 17:37:27.59 -03:14:43.3 R0 0.5460 17.95 1.55 B RR0 20 17:37:26.40 -03:13:07.1 R0 0.2635 18.0 0.6 B RR1 21 17:37:40.87 -03:12:40.3 R0 0.3188 17.75 0.7 B RR1 22 17:37:40.78 -03:13:11.0 R0 0.6564 18.0 1.25 B RR0 23 17:37:41.07 -03:10:04.7 R0 0.5523 17.85 1.45 B RR0 Note;=C149 24 17:37:35.97 -03:13:30.4 R0 0.5199 18.0 1.8 B RR0 25 17 37 34.56 -03 19 57.6 R0 0.3607 17.9 0.7 B RR1 Note 26 17 37 30.59 -03 14 17.3 R0 ---- -- -- CST 27 17 37 08.10 -03 12 17.3 R0 308.0 16.8 1.1 B Lb f? 28 17 37 05.03 -03 08 37.3 R0 ---- -- -- B E f 29 17:37:31.61 -03:17:15.9 R0 ---- 16.45 0.7 B SR 30 17:37:41.13 -03:14:57.7 R0 0.5345 17.8 1.55 B RR0 31 17:37:33.46 -03:14:13.7 R0 0.6196 17.45 0.95 B RR0 32 17:37:38.42 -03:12:18.7 R0 0.6559 17.6 1.15 B RR0 33 17:37:26.83 -03:14:31.1 R0 0.4805 17.75 1.2 B RR0 34 17:37:31.37 -03:14:18.6 R0 0.6066 18.0 1.15 B RR0 35 17:37:28.42 -03:15:34.8 R0 ---- -- -- CST Note 36 17:37:50.03 -03:20:28.4 R0 0.6787 17.8 1.15 B RR0 37 17:37:36.50 -03:14:27.1 R0 0.4897 17.95 1.55 B RR0 38 17:37:36.81 -03:15:02.7 R0 0.5084 17.75 1.2 B RR0 39 17:37:39.15 -03:14:46.1 R0 0.5760 17.7 1.15 B RR0 40 17 37 53.03 -03 09 32.2 R0 ---- -- -- CST 41 17:37:34.91 -03:14:47.1 R0 0.2594 -- -- RR1 42 17:37:38.42 -03:14:33.5 R0 0.6313 -- -- RR0 43 17:37:40.52 -03:14:23.4 R0 0.5222 17.7 1.2 B RR0 Note 44 17:37:37.35 -03:12:47.6 R0 0.2894 17.7 0.7 B RR1 45 17 37 30.18 -03 13 12.7 R0 ---- 16.6 1.2 B CST? Note 46 17:37:42.12 -03:15:50.7 R0 0.3330 17.8 0.45 B RR1 47 17:37:30.11 -03:14:18.1 R0 0.8774 17.8 0.5 B RR0 48 17:37:35.67 -03:14:04.7 R0 0.4677 17.95 1.35 B RR0 49 17:37:29.66 -03:15:03.8 R0 0.6423 17.5 0.7 B RR0 50 17 37 35.21 -03 15 23.8 R0 ---- -- -- CST 51 17:37:43.12 -03:19:52.2 R0 0.2682 17.85 0.6 B RR1 52 17 37 41.70 -03 14 06.6 R0 ---- -- -- CST? 53 17 37 45.09 -03 12 34.7 R0 ---- -- -- CST? 54 17 37 44.36 -03 12 51.6 R0 ---- -- -- CST? 55 17:37:38.28 -03:12:58.8 R0 0.3374 17.95 0.6 B RR1 56 17:37:31.63 -03:17:48.8 R0 0.3413 17.75 0.55 B RR1 57 17:37:45.06 -03:16:40.9 R0 0.5672 18.15 1.35 B RR0 58 17:37:27.91 -03:15:18.5 R0 0.4179 17.6 0.45 B RR1 59 17:37:33.97 -03:14:15.9 R0 0.5570 18.0 1.4 B RR0 60 17:37:38.87 -03:13:50.6 R0 0.5789 18.1 1.15 B RR0 61 17:37:37.00 -03:15:28.6 R0 0.5698 17.7 1.25 B RR0 62 17:37:20.68 -03:17:19.4 R0 0.6380 18.15 0.5 B RR0 63 17 37 44.53 -03 15 46.5 R0 ---- -- -- CST 64 17 37 32.97 -03 17 34.5 R0 ---- -- -- CST 65 17 37 27.93 -03 14 32.4 R0 ---- -- -- CST 66 17 37 27.45 -03 14 08.9 R0 ---- -- -- CST 67 17 37 38.51 -03 14 31.5 R0 ---- -- -- CST 68 17 37 36.69 -03 15 05.8 R0 0.5072 18.0 1.7 RR0 =C134 69 17 37 45.58 -03 14 16.9 R0 ---- -- -- CST 70 17:37:38.93 -03:15:08.1 R0 0.6060 17.3 0.8 B RR0 blended 71 17 37 28.42 -03 15 34.8 R0 0.5266 17.85 1.35 B RR0 Note;=C35 72 17 37 44.50 -03 16 44.5 R0 ---- -- -- CST 73 17:37:36.39 -03:14:38.1 R0 ---- 17.0 1.6 B SR 74 17:37:36.54 -03:13:14.5 R0 ---- 16.75 0.9 B SR 75 17:37:38.43 -03:14:55.7 R0 0.5453 18.0 1.3 B RR0 76 17:37:29.05 -03:14:44.1 R0 1.8903 16.6 1.0 B CW 77 17:37:28.81 -03:13:46.5 R0 0.7910 17.8 0.35 B RR1 78 17:37:26.97 -03:14:47.4 R0 0.3102 17.75 0.35 B RR1 79 17:37:35.35 -03:15:00.3 R0 0.5597 17.6 1.05 B RR0 80 17 37 33.76 -03 17 14.7 R0 0.3156 17.45 0.5 B RR1 =C112 81 17 37 33.75 -03 17 06.6 R0 ---- -- -- CST 82 17 37 30.99 -03 16 48.1 R0 ---- -- -- CST 83 17 37 31.84 -03 15 19.8 R0 ---- -- -- CST 84 17 37 33.25 -03 15 23.4 R0 ---- -- -- CST 85 17 37 34.91 -03 13 52.6 R0 ---- -- -- CST 86 17 37 41.19 -03 14 22.7 R0 0.3198 17.8 0.9 B RR1 Note;=C151 87 17 37 31.23 -03 14 31.2 R0 ---- -- -- CST 88 17:37:30.85 -03:14:32.4 R0 0.3130 17.85 0.4 B RR1 89 17 37 35.05 -03 15 18.4 R0 ---- -- -- CST 90 17:37:33.51 -03:15:16.2 R0 0.3512 17.75 0.3 B RR1 91 17 37 30.06 -03 15 21.5 R0 ---- -- -- CST 92 17 37 33.81 -03 14 41.2 R0 ---- -- -- CST 93 17 37 35.10 -03 14 47.4 R0 ---- -- -- CST 94 17:37:23.04 -03:14:50.5 R0 0.2585 -- -- RR1 95 17:37:24.17 -03:17:28.5 R0 0.3596 -- -- RR1 96 17:37:24.72 -03:14:46.3 R0 0.2524 -- -- RR1 97 17:37:25.02 -03:18:36.5 R0 0.3774 -- -- EC 98 17:37:25.81 -03:12:47.8 R0 0.2579 -- -- RR1 99 17:37:26.58 -03:14:46.1 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 100 17:37:29.72 -03:15:20.5 R0 0.2612 -- -- RR1 101 17:37:30.28 -03:15:52.7 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 102 17:37:31.38 -03:16:00.6 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 103 17:37:32.48 -03:14:12.5 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 104 17:37:32.69 -03:14:56.0 R0 0.2620 -- -- RR1 105 17:37:32.95 -03:14:03.3 R0 0.2793 -- -- RR1 106 17:37:33.28 -03:14:46.4 R0 0.5465 -- -- RR0 107 17:37:33.56 -03:14:48.2 R0 0.2950 -- -- RR1 108 17:37:33.62 -03:15:12.0 R0 0.3565 -- -- RR1 109 17:37:33.64 -03:14:40.9 R0 0.6562 -- -- RR0 110 17:37:33.64 -03:16:10.2 R0 0.3013 -- -- RR1 111 17:37:33.71 -03:15:11.9 R0 0.2791 -- -- RR1 112 =V80 113 17:37:33.91 -03:14:27.5 R0 0.2574 -- -- RR1 114 17:37:33.91 -03:14:52.5 R0 0.3325 -- -- RR1 115 17:37:33.95 -03:14:24.1 R0 0.3359 -- -- RR1 116 17:37:34.03 -03:15:37.7 R0 0.2521 -- -- RR1 117 17:37:34.10 -03:14:35.9 R0 0.3394 -- -- RR1 118 17:37:34.24 -03:16:13.0 R0 0.3803 -- -- RR1 119 17:37:34.45 -03:14:52.1 R0 0.3341 -- -- RR1 120 17:37:34.65 -03:13:29.6 R0 0.3279 -- -- RR1 121 17:37:35.04 -03:15:19.7 R0 0.2704 -- -- RR1 122 17:37:35.30 -03:14:39./ R0 0.5590 -- -- RR0 123 17:37:35.55 -03:15:44.1 R0 0.2846 -- -- RR1 124 17:37:35.75 -03:15:27.3 R0 0.2762 -- -- RR0 125 17:37:35.79 -03:15:15.1 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 126 17:37:35.83 -03:14:53.7 R0 0.2939 -- -- RR1 127 17:37:35.92 -03:14:32.8 R0 0.2983 -- -- RR1 128 17:37:35.95 -03:13:52.8 R0 0.3935 -- -- RR1 129 17:37:36.11 -03:15:01.4 R0 0.2796 -- -- RR1 130 17:37:36.26 -03:15:25.4 R0 0.5961 -- -- RR0 131 17:37:36.27 -03:14:54.3 R0 0.2697 -- -- RR1 132 17:37:36.53 -03:15:14.7 R0 0.4822 -- -- RR0 133 17:37:36.64 -03:18:15.9 R0 0.3030 -- -- RR1 134 =V68 135 17:37:36.82 -03:13:41.9 R0 0.3382 -- -- RR1 136 17:37:36.83 -03:15:24.5 R0 0.3305 -- -- RR1 137 17:37:37.48 -03:14:40.7 R0 0.2763 -- -- RR1 138 17:37:37.93 -03:15:33.0 R0 0.3710 -- -- RR1 139 17:37:37.99 -03:17:23.7 R0 0.2722 -- -- RR1 140 17:37:38.21 -03:15:51.9 R0 0.7609 -- -- RR0 141 17:37:38.31 -03:14:27.2 R0 0.6433 -- -- RR0 142 17:37:38.72 -03:14:02.1 R0 0.4618 -- -- RR0 143 17:37:38.82 -03:16:31.2 R0 0.3185 -- -- RR1 144 17:37:39.27 -03:14:29.7 R0 0.3758 -- -- RR1 145 17:37:39.97 -03:15:01.4 R0 0.3003 -- -- RR1 146 17:37:40.16 -03:16:08.6 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 147 17:37:40.22 -03:15:55.5 R0 0.4932 -- -- RR0 148 17:37:40.73 -03:17:00.3 R0 0.2651 -- -- RR1 149 17:37:41.31 -03:16:04.2 R0 ---- -- -- SR? Note;=C23 150 17:37:41.14 -03:14:08.8 R0 0.8028 -- -- RR0 151 =V86? 152 17:37:41.90 -03:15:37.1 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 153 17:37:41.98 -03:11:56.0 R0 0.2650 -- -- RR1 154 17:37:42.54 -03:13:59.4 R0 0.2551 -- -- RR1 155 17:37:42.93 -03:14:05.3 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 156 17:37:43.60 -03:14:24.6 R0 ---- -- -- SR? or CW? 157 17:37:43.79 -03:16:13.4 R0 0.2626 -- -- RR1 158 17:37:43.88 -03:13:00.7 R0 0.7242 -- -- RR0 159 17:37:43.99 -03:13:44.8 R0 0.2897 -- -- RR1 160 17:37:44.24 -03:15:34.8 R0 0.3400 -- -- RR1 161 17:37:44.52 -03:11:51.5 R0 0.0490 -- -- SXP 162 17:37:49.69 -03:11:49.2 R0 ---- -- -- CW? 163 17:37:53.71 -03:14:18.8 R0 0.2903 -- -- RR1 164 17:37:56.28 -03:10:16.3 R0 0.3326 -- -- RR1 Nova 17 37 38.3 -03 14 42 R0 ---- 16.0 -- B NOVA Bmax;Note ========================================================================= Supplementary Notes There are two major papers summarizing the properties of the variables in M14: Wehlau & Froelich (1994) and Conroy et al. (2012). Another major study is currently being undertaken by Contreras Pena and collaborators who published a BV color-magnitude diagram (Contreras Pena et al. 2013). Wehlau & Froelich provided a good summary of variables V1-93. They published ID charts for all except V28 which was outside the field of their chart. In addition, they listed mean B magnitudes, (B-V) colours and B amplitudes for all of the stars they classified as pulsating. Their paper also included an appendix with notes on many of the individual stars, including all of the catalogued variables that they were unable to classify. Conroy et al. applied the image subtraction technique to a set of images obtained on 11 nights in June and July, 2010. They confirmed the variability of 61 of the variables discussed by Wehlau & Froelich (1994) and identified 71 new ones which they numbered V94-164. In addition, they listed RA and dec, derived periods and plotted light curves for all of the stars they found to be variable. All the data for V94-V164 are from their study. V1-V93: In the above table, the periods and variability types for stars with periods greater than a day are from Wehlau & Froelich (1994) and for stars with periods less than a day they are are from Conroy et al. (2012), unless indicated otherwise in the notes on individual stars. The B magnitudes and amplitudes are from Wehlau & Froelich's paper because Conroy et al. did not derive any magnitudes. The non-variable ("CST") classifications are based on the fact that Conroy et al. did not detect any variability. In most of these cases, Wehlau & Froelich (1994) had already indicated that the stars might not be variable. The numbers designated by "C" in the remarks column refer to the numbering system of Conroy et al. The RA and dec for the stars investigated by Conroy are their values. For the remaining stars, i.e., V27 and V28, which were outside their field of view, and the stars for which Conroy et al. did not detect variability, the RA and dec are from Samus et al. (2009). There is a systematic offset between the RA values of Samus and Conroy in the sense that Samus' values are on average 0.2 seconds larger. Their dec values agree to within 1 arcsec. ====================== Notes on individual stars V1, V51: The ID charts published by Wehlau & Froelich (1994) have 2 stars labelled as V1. The star at position x=+104", y=-305" in Fig. 1a should be V51. V1 is located at x=+17", y=+47" in Fig. 1b. V23, V149: The star that Wehlau & Froelich labelled as V23 is listed as V149 in Conroy's table and both sets of authors derived the same period for this star. In the above table, Wehlau's numbering system is used for V23 and V149 is the star that Conroy listed as V23. V25: Conroy et al. did not detect variations in this star. It is hard to account for this, but perhaps it was at the edge of their frames. The light curve published by Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1966) indicates that V25 must certainly be variable and, according to Catelan (2014, private communication), V25 shows up clearly in the investigation that is currently being undertaken by Contreras Pena and collaborators. The RA and dec listed above were derived by Samus et al. (2009). V27, V45: Conroy et al. did not confirm the variability of these two long period (red) variables. V27 was outside their field of view. However, it is considered a possible cluster member because the magnitude and colour that Wehlau & Froelich (1994) published for it are comparable to those of the other long period variables in the cluster, and with a distance of ~7.5 arcmin from the cluster centre, it is inside the tidal radius (7.7 arcmin). V45 was in the field observed by Conroy, but they did not detect its variation. In view of the fact that all the other known long period variables in their field were readily recovered in their study, the variability of V45 is called into question. V28: Sawyer Hogg (1973) listed V28 as an eclipsing binary, probably located in the field around the cluster. This was confirmed by Wehlau & Froelich (1994) who noted that it is a 16th magnitude field eclipsing binary which is almost 10 arcminutes from the cluster centre, well outside the tidal radius. V35 and V71: These two stars are separated by about 4 arcsec. Wehlau & Froelich derived a period (0.5259) for V71, but could not derive a period for V35. On the other hand Conroy derived a period (0.5266) for V35 and did not detect variability in V71. An examination of the RA and dec values that Samus listed for these stars indicates that the star Conroy listed as V35 is V71 and that V35 is ot variable.. V43, V86, V151: V43 and V86 are separated by approximatey 2.5 arcsec on the photographic chart published by Wehlau & Froelich (1994). These authors also pointed out that there had been some previous confusion between V43 and V86 because they listed the wrong coordinates for V86 in their discovery paper (Wehlau & Potts 1972). Their V86 coordinates indicated a position southwest of V43 when it should have been northeast. Conroy et al. (2012) subsequently announced a new variable V151 with position approximately 4 arcsec northeast of 43. It appears that their V151 might actually be V86 because the period they derived for this star, 0.3198, differs by 0.02 from the value that Wehlau & Froelich (1994) derived for V86. Given that Wehlau & Froelich noted that there was considerable scatter in their V86 data, this agreement is reasonable. In the above table, it is assumed that V151 of Conroy et al. is V86. Nova: The maximum B magnitude for the Nova is from Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1964). ============================================= Discovery of the Variable Stars in M14: V1-72 Sawyer (1938) with x,y positions and an ID chart (but V27&28 were outside the field of the chart). V73-76 Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1966) with x,y positions and an ID chart V77-88 Wehlau & Potts (1972) with x,y positions V89-93 Wehlau et al. (1974) with x,y positions Nova Sawyer Hogg & Wehlau (1964) with x,y position and ID chart =================================================================== References Conroy, K. E., Darragh, A. N., Liu, Z. J., Murphy, B. W. 2012, JSARA, 5, 34 Contreras Pena, C., Catelan, M., Grundahl, F., Stephens, A. W., Smith, H. A. 2013, AJ, 146, 57 Samus, N. N., Kazarovets, E. V., Pastukhova, E. N., Tsvetkova, T. M., Durlevich, O. V. 2009, PASP, 121, 1378 Sawyer, H. B. 1938, Pub. DAO, 7, No. 5, 121 Sawyer Hogg, H. & Wehlau, A. 1966, DDO Publ., 2, No. 17, 451 Sawyer Hogg, H. & Wehlau, A. 1964, JRASC, 58, 163 Wehlau, A. & Froelich, N. 1994, AJ 108, 134 Wehlau, A. & Potts, N. 1972, IBVS, 752 Wehlau, A., Davis, L., Potts, N. 1974, IBVS, 859 =====================================================================