
1 PDBI\
                        PDBI\ Language summary

    LINE          : define receiver setup
    NARROW_INPUT  : define the input of the narrow-band correlator
    PLOT          : plot the resulting frequency coverage
    PRINT         : print the corresponding observing procedure
    SELECT        : select the PdBI instrumental status
    SPECTRAL      : define the configuration of the spectral units of
                     the narrow-band correlator
    WIDEX         : reserved for future use...

1 ALMA\
                        ALMA\ Language summary

    BASEBAND      : define position of correlator basebands (ALMA)
    FREQUENCY     : define receiver setup (ALMA)
    PLOT          : plot the resulting frequency coverage (PdBI, 30-m and ALMA)
    SELECT        : select the ALMA instrumental status
    SPWINDOW      : define spectral windows (ALMA)

1 PICO\
                        PICO\ Language summary

    LINE          : define receiver setup
    PLOT          : plot the resulting frequency coverage (PdBI, 30-m and ALMA)
    SELECT        : select the 30-m instrumental status

1 BASEBAND

    [ALMA\] BASEBAND i frequency [sideband]

    The  ALMA  correlator  is composed of four quadrants, each of them being
    able to process 2 GHz (x 2 polarization) of the receiver output. This is
    called a baseband, and this 2 GHz slice can be placed at any position in
    the receiver bandwidth. The BASEBAND command is used to define the  i-th
    baseband, by selecting the frequency of its center. This can be done ei-
    ther in the RF or the IF domains
      - if the frequency is < 1000, it is interpreted as a rest frequency
        in GHz.
      - if the frequency is > 4000, it is interprested as an intermediate
        frequency in MHz; a second parameter giving the sideband (LSB/USB)
        is then necessary.

    Example: Receiver band 7 is tuned at 220 GHz LSB (with command
    FREQUENCY). It outputs 4-8 GHz
    signals in USB (corresponding to 234 to 238 GHz) and LSB (218 to 222
    GHz). Baseband 1 can e.g. be placed at IF = 6.2 GHz in LSB, which
    corresponds to 220.8 GHz. The commands "BASEBAND 1 220.8" and
    "BASEBAND 1 6200 LSB" are therefore equivalent.

    Entering "BASEBAND i" with no further arguments calls an interactive
    mode in which the baseband is defined with the cursor on the plot
    produced by the FREQUENCY command. Clicking in the plot defines the
    frequency/sideband of the center of the baseband. Basebands are
    automatically shifted to be fully included within the IF band.

    The command "BASEBAND" alone enters a loop to interatively
    define all four basebands (it is equivalent to FOR I 1 TO 4;
    BASE I; NEXT).

1 FREQUENCY

    [ALMA\]FREQUENCY Name Frequency Band Center

    Define and plot the receiver frequency coverage of ALMA. The command
    syntax is similar to that of the LINE command for the Plateau de Bure:
      Name      is a line name to label the plot
      Frequency is the rest frequency in GHz
      Band      should be USB or LSB
      Center    is the IF1 frequency in MHz [optional]

    The command produces a plot of the USB and LSB  frequency  band.  It  is
    then  necessary  to define the position of the four correlator basebands
    (command BASEBAND) and then the spectral windows within  each  basebands
    (command SPWINDOW).

    A typical session to define an ALMA setup would be:
    freq something 220 lsb ! define receiver tuning
    base 1 220.8           ! define baseband #1
    plot base 1            ! plot baseband #1
    spw 1                  ! define spectral windows on baseband 1
                           !   using the cursor

1 LINE

    [PDBI\]LINE Name Frequency Band [Lock [Center [Harm]]]
      or
        [PICO\]LINE Name Frequency Band [Center]

    30-m:
        Define and plot the receiver frequency coverage of the EMIR 30-m re-
    ceiver

    PdBI:
        Define and plot the receiver frequency coverage of  the  Plateau  de
    Bure  Interferometer (with the receivers installed in winter 2006/2007).
    The command syntax is identical to that of the corresponding command  in
    OBS:
        Name      is a line name to label the plot
        Frequency is the rest frequency in GHz
        Band      should be USB or LSB
        Lock      is LOW or HIGH [optional, default LOW]
        Center    is the IF1 frequency in MHz [optional, default 6500]
        Harm      is the harmonic number [optional]

    o  The receiver band to be used (1 to 4) will be determined by the soft-
    ware.

    o The center frequency is expressed in the first IF (4-8 GHz = 4000-8000
    MHz). WARNING: it is highly not recommended to center the line frequency
    at 6 GHz. This is because the correlator analyses quarters of the 4  GHz
    bandwidths,  and  6  GHz is very precisely at the limit between two such
    adjacents quarters.

    o The plot displays the four "quarters" Q1...Q4 that can be selected  as
    input for the correlator (see NARROW_INPUT command):
      Q1 = 4.2-5.2 GHz, Q2 = 5.0-6.0 GHz
      Q3 = 6.0-7.0 GHz, Q4 = 6.8-7.8 GHz

    o  Commands  NARROW and SPECTRAL are available to setup the IF processor
    and the spectral units of the narrow-band  correlator  (see  the  corre-
    sponding help). A typical ASTRO session would look like:

    line toto 100 usb           ! choice of rx tuning
    narrow q1 q3                ! choice of the correlator windows
    spectral 1  20 320 /nar 1   ! correlator unit 1
    spectral 2 320 200 /nar 2   ! correlator unit 2
    spectral 2 320 210 /nar 2   ! new def. of unit 2 --> plot is updated

    o  Command  PLOT can be used to plot the full receiver coverage, that of
    the NARROW band correlator, or that or the WIDEX correlator.

    o LINE can also be used to produce plots of the  frequency  coverage  of
    the old receivers (replaced in 2006/2007). The command SET PDBI year al-
    lows one to select the instrument as of the selected year:
    - 1995: 3 and 1.3 mm receivers, 500 MHz bandwidth
    - 2000: 3 and 1.3 mm receivers, 580 MHz bandwidth
    - 2006: new generation receivers (4 GHz bandwidth, 2 polar.) [default]
    For the OLD receivers (years 1995 & 2000), the  commands  NARROW,  SPEC-
    TRAL,  PLOT are not active. Please enter HELP LINE OLD for a description
    of the behaviour of the LINE command in that case.


2 OLD

        [PDBI\]LINE Name Frequency Band [Lock [Center  [Harm]]]  [/MOLECULES
    File] [/SPECTRAL Unit Bandwidth IF_2] /WIDTH width
        [PDBI\]LINE /SPECTRAL Unit Bandwidth IF_2
        [PDBI\]LINE /AUTO

    Plot rest frequency coverage of Plateau de Bure Interferometer using the
    OLD receiver system (replaced in  2006/2007).   The  command  syntax  is
    identical to that of the corresponding command in OBS.
        Name is a line name to label the plot
        Frequency is the center frequency in GHz
        Band should be USB or LSB
        Lock (optional) is LOW or HIGH
        Center (optional), the center IF2 frequency in MHz, default 350.
        Harm (optional), the harmonic number.
    The  option  /MOLECULES  enables to plot the rest frequencies of several
    transitions, found in file File. This is a text file with entries:
        Freq    'chain'
        where Freq is the rest frequency in GHz and 'chain' the line name to
        be plotted by GreG, between single quotes. Example:
        88.632  'HCN'
        89.081  'HCO\u+'
    The  option  /WIDTH  width is used to introduce a finite width (in km/s)
    for the molecular lines displayed.

    The option /SPECTRAL is used to overlay the desired spectral  correlator
    configuration.
        Unit is the correlator unit number (1 to 8)
        Bandwidth is the bandwidth in MHz (20, 40, 80 or 160)
        IF_2  is  the center frequency (in MHz) of the unit in the second IF
        (in the range 110 to 590 MHz).

    With only the /SPECTRAL option, the corresponding unit overlay  will  be
    drawn on an existing LINE plot.

    Because  only  one  synthesizer is used to generate the 1st and 2nd LOs,
    the IF frequency is slightly variable (between 1.500 and 1.550 GHz), and
    the  Doppler  tracking  is  correct  only for the specified band (USB or
    LSB).  The last specified source is used to get the Doppler shift.   The
    image  frequency doppler shift is wrong by at most 2.Ers/Harm, where Ers
    is the Earth rotation speed, or about 0.9 km/s, roughly 0.04 km/s at  86
    GHz.

    The option /AUTO is used to guess the line frequencies and spectral set-
    up for Bure, given a set of variables:
    N_LINE     int  number of line frequencies
    N_CONT     int  number of continuum frequencies
    for each of N_LINE:
    LINENAME_i char line name of line table
    LINEVELO_i char velocity range (2 values: min, max  in km/s)
    LINEFREQ_i dble line frequency (MHz)
    LINEVRES_i dble velocity resolution (km/s)
    for each of N_CONT:
    CONTTABLE_i char  name of continuum  table
    CONTBANDS_i char  range of frequency bands for the continuum
                      (min1 max1 min2 max2 ...)
    Output is also in a set of variables, used by setup writing  procedures.
    look into LINE_* and SPEC_* variables.

1 NARROW_INPUT

    [PDBI\]NARROW_INPUT Q1|Q2|Q3|Q4 Q1|Q2|Q3|Q4

    Select  the two entries of the PdBI narrow-band correlator. The PdBI re-
    ceivers have 4 GHz bandwidth (for each polarization), from IF=4  GHz  to
    IF=8  GHz.  The WIDEX correlator is able to analyse the whole bandwidth,
    but the narrow-band correlator can process only two 1 GHz wide bands.

    The receiver 4 GHz bandwidth is split into four "quarters":
             Q1 = 4.2-5.2 GHz    Q2 = 5.0-6.0 GHz
             Q3 = 6.0-7.0 GHz    Q4 = 6.8-7.8 GHz
    and two of them must be selected as inputs to the  narrow-band  correla-
    tor.  Any combination is possible. The polarization that is selected de-
    pends on the selected quarter:
      - the correlator input 1 can only be Q1 HOR, Q2 HOR, Q3 VER, Q4 VER
      - the correlator input 2 can only be Q1 VER, Q2 VER, Q3 HOR, Q4 HOR

    Example: NARROW_INPUT Q1 Q2 selects Q1 HOR as first input, and Q2 VER as
    second input. Simultaneous measurements of the two HOR and VER polariza-
    tions is obtained with e.g. NARROW_INPUT Q1 Q1.

1 PLOT

        [PDBI\]PLOT [LINE|NARROW|WIDEX]
      or
        [ALMA\]PLOT [FREQUENCY|BASEBAND i]
      or
        [PICO\]PLOT
             [/LIMITS min max]
             [/MOLECULES FileName [Mol1 Mol2 ... Moln]]
             [/WIDTH width]
             [/SPURIOUS [NO]]
             [/ATMOSPHERE [water]]


    The PLOT command is used to change the plot options and update the  plot
    accordingly.  Except  for  some restrictions on /LIMITS, the options are
    valid for all observatories.

    Three types of plots can be produced for the Plateau de Bure:

    o LINE mode = plot of the LSB and USB (as produced by the LINE command).
    Note that the new generation receivers at PdBI are single-side band: the
    image sideband appears in light grey.  Widex and Narrow-band  units  are
    indicated.

    o  NARROW mode = SSB plot of the two selected entries of the narrow-band
    correlator. This plot is aimed at zooming on the two 1 GHz inputs of the
    correlator,  as  selected by the NARROW_INPUT command.  The position and
    width of the 8 spectral units are drawn.

    o WIDEX mode = plot of the WIDEX frequency coverage.

    Two types of plots can be produced for ALMA :

    o FREQUENCY mode = plot of the LSB and USB ouptut of the  receiver  band
    (as produced by the FREQUENCY command).

    o BASEBAND mode = plot of the baseband #i. The position and width of the
    spectral windows defined with SPWINDOW are also drawn.

    After each of the LINE, NARROW_BAND, SPECTRAL  or  WIDEX  commands,  the
    plot is updated.

2 /LIMITS

    [PDBI\]PLOT LINE       [/LIMITS min max]

    [ALMA\]PLOT FREQUENCY  [/LIMITS min max]

    Selects  the  IF range (in MHz) to be plotted. This is to zoom on a spe-
    cific part of the receiver bandwidth. Only valid in LINE mode (for PDBI)
    or FREQUENCY mode (for ALMA).

2 /MOLECULES

    [PDBI\ or PICO\ or ALMA\]PLOT [...] [/MOLECULES [FileName [Mol1 Mol2 ...
    Moln]]

       Display the name of molecules and transitions found in the  specified
    catalog.

       Note: the whole plot is redrawn. Displayed lines are not simply over-
    laid on the current existing plot.

    Default is to use the GAG\LECULE file, distributed with ASTRO but a  us-
    er-defined  catalog can also be specified. This file must be a text file
    with entries:
        Freq   'chain'
        where Freq is the rest frequency in GHz and 'chain' the line name to
        be plotted by GreG, between single quotes. Example:
        88.632  'HCN'
        89.081  'HCO\u+'
    Another supported format is "Comma Separated Value", as produced by many
    spreadsheet processors, i.e.

2 /WIDTH

    [PDBI\ or PICO\ or ALMA\]PLOT [...]   [/WIDTH width]

       PLOT /WIDTH width is used to introduce a finite width (in  km/s)  for
    the molecular lines displayed.

2 /SPURIOUS

    [PDBI\ or PICO\ or ALMA\]PLOT [...]   [/SPURIOUS [NO]]

       Plot or not the position of spurious lines due to interferences.  For
    Plateau de Bure, they are at IF1=4500 MHZ, 6300 MHz,  and  at  3  and  4
    times  the  LO1REF frequency; plotting is the default, it can be deacti-
    vated with PLOT /SPURIOUS NO

2 /ATMOSPHERE

    [PDBI\ or PICO\ or ALMA\]PLOT [...]   [/ATMOSPHERE [Water]]

        Display the atmospheric transmission (at zenith) and  expected  Tsys
    (at  current elevation) according to the specified conditions. Water can
    be specified to overidde the current value.

    The transmission and Tsys are computed on-the-fly using  the  ATMOSPHERE
    command  (see  corresponding help). The command ATMOSPHERE /PRINT can be
    used to list the input parameters that were used. The ATM model  version
    can  be  changed  using  the SET ATM OLD|NEW command (the NEW version is
    recommended).

1 PRINT

    [PDBI\]PRINT [filename]

    Write in an output file (default is setup.obs)  the  OBS  command  lines
    that  correspond  to  the  receiver and backend tuning selected with the
    LINE, NARROW, and SPECTRAL commands. This file can directly be  included
    in  the observing procedure (``setup'' file) to be run at the Plateau de
    Bure. It can also be executed in ASTRO to (re)produce the the  frequency
    coverage plot.

    Example of output:
      !
      ! Plateau de Bure receiver and backend setup
      ! Written by ASTRO command PRINT on 11-FEB-2008
      !
      ! ----- Receiver -----
      !
      LET RECEIVER 1
      LINE test  100.000000 LSB  LOW  6500.00  57 /RECEIVER 1
      !
      ! ----- IF processor -----
      ! Selected quarters are Q3 VER and Q4 HOR
      !
      NARROW Q3 Q4 /RECEIVER 1
      !
      ! ----- Narrow-band correlator -----
      !
      SPECTRAL 1  80  550.00 /NARROW 1 /BAND LSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 2 320  360.00 /NARROW 1 /BAND DSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 3 320  740.00 /NARROW 1 /BAND DSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 4  80  350.00 /NARROW 2 /BAND LSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 5  20  793.00 /NARROW 2 /BAND LSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 6  20  700.00 /NARROW 2 /BAND LSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 7 320  540.00 /NARROW 2 /BAND DSB /RECEIVER 1
      SPECTRAL 8 320  830.00 /NARROW 2 /BAND DSB /RECEIVER 1

1 SELECT

        [PDBI\] SELECT [PDBI|BURE] mode
       or
        [ALMA\] SELECT ALMA|CYCLE mode

    Select the instrumental capabilities (receivers, correlators) to be con-
    sidered.

    For Bure (keyword can be PDBI or BURE), a year must  be  entered:  1995,
    2000, 2006 or 2010. They correspond to the upgrades of the receiver sys-
    tem (1995 and 2006) and of the correlator (2000,  2010).   "SELECT  BURE
    NOW" can also be used.

    For  ALMA  (keyword  can be ALMA or CYCLE), the cycle number must be en-
    tered (0, 1, ...). Any number larger than the current cycle  is  equiva-
    lent to "SELECT ALMA FULL" and points to the full ALMA capabilities.

    The command SELECT with no parameters will list the current defaults for
    Bure and ALMA.

1 SPECTRAL

    [PDBI\]SPECTRAL   iunit   bandwidth    fcent    /NARROW    1|2    [/BAND
    LSB|USB|SSB|DSB]

    Select  the  width and position of each spectral unit of the narrow-band
    correlator.
      - 'iunit' is the correlator unit number (1 to 8)
      - 'bandwidth' is the bandwidth in MHz (20, 40, 80, 160, or 320)
      - 'fcent' is the center frequency (in MHz) of the unit in the
         third IF, i.e. the IF at the entry of the narrow-band correlator
         (in the range 100 to 1100 MHz).
    The option /NARROW is mandatory, and is used to select  which  entry  of
    the  correlator  the  unit is connected to. The SPECTRAL command updates
    the current plot by drawing the position and width of the selected  cor-
    relator  unit.  The  list of the current correlator setup, including the
    number of channels and resolution, is printed out.

    Alternatively, the command "SPECTRAL  iunit"  with  no  other  arguments
    calls  the  cursor  and  allows one to define interactively the spectral
    unit:
      - Left hand click defines the central freuency and the narrow band
        unit
      - +/- increases/decreases the bandwidth
      - < and > shifts the position of the unit by 5 MHz
      - E is used to Exit this mode
    The plot is updated after each action.

    Option /BAND LSB|USB|SSB|DSB can be used to define the  processing  mode
    of  the  selected  correlator unit. There is no practical difference be-
    tween LSB and USB tunings. The DSB mode provides twice as many  channels
    than  the LSB or USB modes for the same bandwidth, but the central chan-
    nels suffer from the Gibbs effect. This mode is therefore not  optimized
    for spectroscopic studies. Choosing between an SSB or DSB mode is possi-
    ble only if a bandwidth of 160 or 80 MHz has been selected (320  MHz  is
    only  available  in  DSB mode; 40 and 20 MHz are only available in SSB).
    Default is DSB for 320 MHz wide units, LSB for the other bandwidth.  The
    /BAND  option has no consequences on the plot produced by ASTRO, but af-
    fects the printout (number of channels and  resolution)  and  the  setup
    file produced by the PRINT command.

1 SPWINDOW

    [ALMA\] SPWINDOW ispw width frequency [/BASEBAND i]
            [/POLAR p] [USE u] [/RESET]

    This  command  is used to define a spectral window in the i-th baseband.
    The /BASEBAND option is mandatory, unless a a PLOT BASEBAND command  has
    been run, in which case the plotted baseband is selected.

    The parameters of the spectral window are then defined as follows:
      - 'ispw' is the correlator window number (each baseband has its
        own list) -- Currently, it can only be equal to 1 (one spectral
        window per baseband).
      - 'width' is the bandwidth in MHz: 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500,
        1000, or 2000. NB: for simplicity, the software accepts and
        corrects 32, 60, 64, 120, 128, 256.
      - 'frequency' is the center frequency (in MHz) of the window in the IF
        domain, as displayed in the plot produced by PLOT BASE.
      - The /POLAR option is used to define how many polarization products
        must be computed (1,2, or 4). Default is 1.
      - The /USE option defines which fraction of the correlator is to
        be used. This modifies the number of output channels, and therefore
        the spectral resolution. Default is 100. Valid values are 3.125%,
        6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. Entries < 1 are accepted (e.g. 0.5
        instead of 50).
    Depending on all these input parameters, the software checks whether one
    or several correlator modes are available (not all combinations are pos-
    sible).  Obvioulsy, defining several windows on one baseband is possible
    only if each window uses < 100% of the correlator resources.

    The command "SPWINDOW ispw" with no additional parameters calls  an  in-
    teractive mode in which the spectral window can be defined with the cur-
    sor:
      - Left hand click defines the central frequency.
      - +/- increases/decreases the bandwidth
      - < and > shifts the position of the unit by 5 MHz
      - P changes the number of polarization products (1-2-4)
      - U and I decrease/increase the fraction of the correlator to
        be used for that spectral window.
      - E is used to Exit this mode
    The plot is updated after each action.

1 WIDEX

    [PDBI\]WIDEX

    This command is foreseen to provide tuning parameters of the WIDEX  cor-
    relator. None of them is currently open to the users, so the command on-
    ly plots the frequency coverage of WIDEX.

    The WIDEX command is therefore equivalent to PLOT WIDEX.

1 ENDOFHELP












































