II/387 VVV Infrared Astrometric Catalogue v2 release (VIRAC2) (Smith+, 2025)
VIRAC2: NIR astrometry and time series photometry for 500M+ stars from the VVV
and VVVX surveys.
Smith L.C., Lucas P.W., Koposov S.E., Gonzalez-Fernandez C.,
Alonso-Garcia J., Minniti D., Sanders J.L., Bedin L.R., Belokurov V.,
Evans N.W., Hempel M., Ivanov V.D., Kurtev R.G., Saito R.K.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 536, 3707-3738 (2025)>
=2025MNRAS.536.3707S 2025MNRAS.536.3707S
=2025yCat.2387....0S 2025yCat.2387....0S
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Infrared sources ; Photometry, infrared ;
Proper motions ; Parallaxes, trigonometric
Mission_Name: ESO
Keywords: parallaxes - proper motions - brown dwarfs -
stars: kinematics and dynamics - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics -
solar neighbourhood
Abstract:
We present VIRAC2, a catalogue of positions, proper motions,
parallaxes and Z, Y, J, H, and Ks near-infrared photometric time
series of 545,346,537 unique stars. The catalogue is based on a point
spread function fitting reduction of nearly a decade of VISTA VVV and
VVVX images, which cover 560deg2 of the Southern Galactic plane and
bulge. The catalogue is complete at the >90 per cent level for
11<Ksmag<16 sources, but extends to Ks∼17.5mag in most fields.
Astrometric performance for 11<Ksmag<14 sources is typically
∼0.37mas/yr per dimension for proper motion, and 1mas for parallax. At
Ks=16 the equivalent values are around 1.5mas/yr and 5mas. These
uncertainties are validated against Gaia DR3 and Hubble Space
Telescope astrometry. The complete catalogues are available via the
ESO archive. We perform an initial search of the catalogue for nearby
ultracool dwarf candidates. In total, we find 26 new sources whose
parallaxes place them within 50pc of the Sun. Among them we find two
high-confidence T dwarfs and a number of other sources that appear to
lie close to the L/T transition.
Description:
The VVV survey (ESO programme 179.B-2002) spanned a 5-year period
(2010-2015) and observed approx. 560deg2 of the southern Galactic
plane and bulge. The VVVX survey (ESO programme 198.B-2004), extended
this to cover a combined 1700deg2, and the additional epochs in the
original area roughly doubled the total epoch baseline.
The VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea Survey and its extension (VVV,
Minniti+ 2010NewA...15..433M 2010NewA...15..433M & VVVX, Saito+ 2024A&A...689A.148S 2024A&A...689A.148S) were
conducted with the 4m VISTA telescope at Cerro Paranal using the VISTA
Infrared Camera (VIRCAM).
VIRAC2 used 179403 VVV and 18020 VVVX pawprint stack observations
spanning 30th January 2010 to 1st September 2019 in the Z, Y, J, H and
Ks passbands. These are the only observations that passed our basic
quality control selection criteria.
Acknowledging VIRAC2 in publications:
Please include the following acknowledgment in any published material
that makes use of this data product:
Based on data obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility with DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18727/archive/68
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
virac2.sam 793 1000 *VIRAC2 source catalog (VVVX DR3); sample of the
complete catalog containing 545,346,533 sources
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Note on virac2.sam: Peak astrometric performance is in the 11<Ksmag<14 range,
where proper motion uncertainties are typically better than 0.5mas/yr
per dimension (median 0.36 and 0.38mas/yr for racosdec and dec,
respectively) and parallax uncertainties are typically around 1mas
(median 1.02mas). Saturation impacts performance for stars brighter
than this. Performance at Ks=16 is typically around 1.5mas/yr per
dimension for proper motion and 5mas for parallax.
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Description of file:
release-description-virac2.pdf is the release description as downloaded at:
https://www.eso.org/rm/api/v1/public/releaseDescriptions/227
See also:
VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC) (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
II/364 : VIRAC. The VVV Infrared Astrometric Catalogue (Smith+, 2019)
J/AJ/130/1247 : High proper motion stars in the DSS. III (Lepine+, 2005)
J/ApJ/651/502 : Spitzer IRAC photometry of M, L, and T dwarfs (Patten+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/383/831 : New DENIS nearby L and late-M dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2008)
J/AJ/135/2177 : High proper motion stars in the DSS. IV. (Lepine, 2008)
J/A+A/512/A37 : Velocities of 43 nearby L dwarfs (Seifahrt+, 2010)
J/AJ/139/1808 : Colors and kinematics of SDSS L dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2010)
J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)
J/ApJS/197/19 : First brown dwarfs discovered by WISE (Kirkpatrick+, 2011)
J/AJ/143/70 : Differential reddening in MW globulars (Alonso-Garcia+, 2012)
J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/148 : Infrared phot. of brown dwarf and Hyper-LIRG (Griffith+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/427/3280 : Ultra-cool dwarfs at low Galactic latitudes (Folkes+, 2012)
J/ApJS/205/6 : T dwarf population revealed by WISE (Mace+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/433/457 : 76 T dwarfs from the UKIDSS LAS (Burningham+, 2013)
J/ApJ/781/4 : Phot. of high proper motion objects from WISE (Luhman, 2014)
J/MNRAS/440/2036 : VPHAS+ survey synthetic colours (Drew+, 2014)
J/ApJ/787/126 : WISE reduced proper motions and spectral types (Luhman+, 2014)
J/ApJ/792/119 : Companions to nearby stars from Pan-STARRS 1 (Deacon+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/443/2327 : New proper motion objects from UKIDSS GPS (Smith+, 2014)
J/ApJ/817/112 : NEOWISE/AllWISE high proper motion objects (Schneider+, 2016)
J/ApJS/225/10 : Kinematic analysis of M7-L8 dwarfs (Faherty+, 2016)
J/ApJ/833/96 : Hawaii infrared plx program. II. Ultracool dwarfs (Liu+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/464/1247 : VVV high proper motion stars. I. Ks≤13.5 (Kurtev+, 2017)
J/ApJS/234/1 : M, L, & T dwarfs from PS1 3π Survey (Best+, 2018)
J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN Σ algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/L8 : Ultra-cool dwarfs candidates in Gaia DR2 (Reyle, 2018)
J/MNRAS/480/5447 : New L subdwarfs, population properties (Zhang+, 2018)
J/ApJS/240/19 : Parallaxes of late-T and Y dwarfs (Kirkpatrick+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/489/5301 : DES Y3 substellar LT and M catalogs (Carnero Rosell+, 2019)
J/ApJ/889/74 : Spitzer follow-up of Y brown dwarfs (Meisner+, 2020)
J/ApJ/899/123 : Spitzer follow up of 95 brown dwarfs (Meisner+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/42 : Volume-limited sample of cool dwarfs. I. L0-T8 (Best+, 2021)
J/ApJS/253/7 : A full-sky census of BDs within 20pc (Kirkpatrick+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A6 : Gaia Catalog of Nearby Stars - GCNS (Gaia collaboration, 2021)
J/A+A/650/A201 : 10 parsec sample in the Gaia era first update (Reyle+, 2021)
J/A+A/651/A47 : Variable stars in VVV globulars. II. (Alonso-Garcia+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/506/2482 : Microlensing events in VVV light curves (Husseiniova+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/508/3877 : Catalogue of white dwarfs in Gaia EDR3 (Gentile+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/509/2566 : VIVACE, VIrac VAriable Classif. Ensemble (Molnar+, 2022)
J/A+A/660/A131 : 99 low-mass stars in Gaia EDR3 CNS (Mejias+, 2022)
J/AJ/166/103 : UKIRT Hemisphere Survey L, T & Y dwarfs (Schneider+, 2023)
J/A+A/683/A33 : New nearby white dwarfs using Gaia DR3 (Golovin+, 2024)
J/ApJS/271/55 : A full-sky 20pc census of stars & BDs (Kirkpatrick+, 2024)
J/MNRAS/530/2972 : Mira variable cand. in Milky Way NSD region (Sanders+, 2024)
J/A+A/687/A94 : VVV tiles b248 and b333 proper motions (Griggio+, 2024)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: virac2.sam
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 14 I14 --- srcid [12358628000001/16194112000007] Unique
source identified (sourceid)
16- 31 F16.12 deg RAJ2000 [173.8/282.2] Right ascension (J2000)
at Ep=2014.0 (ra)
33- 48 F16.12 deg DEJ2000 [-65.2/-17.3] Declination (J2000)
at Ep=2014.0 (de)
50- 53 I4 --- Nep [10/2095] Number of epochs used for
astrometric solution (astfit_epochs)
55 I1 --- Nasp [5] Number of astrometric solution
parameters (astfit_params)
57- 62 F6.1 yr Epoch [2014.0] Astrometric reference epoch
(ref_epoch)
64- 78 E15.10 mas e_RAJ2000 [1.3e-7/99711] Uncertainty on right
ascension (ra_error)
80- 94 E15.10 mas e_DEJ2000 [8.2e-6/52447] Uncertainty on declination
(de_error)
96- 111 E16.10 mas plx [-228433/168607] Trigonometric parallax
(parallax)
113- 127 E15.10 mas e_plx [0.19/59293] Uncertainty on trigonometric
parallax (parallax_error)
129- 144 E16.10 mas/yr pmRA [-655937/599771] Proper motion in right
ascension (pmra)
146- 160 E15.10 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.08/98316] Uncertainty on proper motion
in right ascension (pmra_error)
162- 177 E16.10 mas/yr pmDE [-326227/227503] Proper motion in
declination (pmde)
179- 193 E15.10 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.09/83896] Uncertainty on proper motion
in declination (pmde_error)
195- 203 F9.6 --- RADEcor [-1/1] Correlation between ra and dec
(radecorr)
205- 213 F9.6 --- RAPlxcor [-1/1] Correlation between ra and
parallax (raparallaxcorr)
215- 223 F9.6 --- RApmRAcor [-1/1] Correlation between ra and proper
motion in ra (rapmracorr)
225- 233 F9.6 --- RApmDEcor [-1/1] Correlation between ra and proper
motion in dec (rapmdecorr)
235- 243 F9.6 --- DEPlxcor [-1/1] Correlation between dec and
parallax (deparallaxcorr)
245- 253 F9.6 --- DEpmRAcor [-1/1] Correlation between dec and proper
motion in ra (depmracorr)
255- 263 F9.6 --- DEpmDEcor [-1/1] Correlation between dec and proper
motion in dec (depmdecorr)
265- 273 F9.6 --- PlxpmRAcor [-1/1] Correlation between parallax and
proper motion in ra (parallaxpmracorr)
275- 283 F9.6 --- PlxpmDEcor [-1/1] Correlation between parallax and
proper motion in dec (parallaxpmdecorr)
285- 293 F9.6 --- pmRApmDEcor [-1/1] Correlation between proper motion
in ra and proper motion in dec
(pmrapmdecorr)
295- 304 E10.6 --- Chi2 [1.2/13282] Chi squared of astrometric
fit (chisq)
306- 313 F8.6 --- UWE [0.19/1.8] Unit weight error of
astrometric fit (uwe)
315- 321 F7.4 mag Zmag [0.0016/30]? Mean Z band magnitude
(photzmean_mag)
323- 328 F6.4 mag e_Zmag [0/3]? Standard deviation of Z band
magnitude (photzstd_mag)
330- 331 I2 --- o_Zmag [0/44] Number of Z band epochs
contributing to statistics
(photzn_epochs)
333- 334 I2 --- NZobs [0/44] Approximate number of Z band
observations (znobs)
336- 337 I2 --- NZdet [0/44] Number of Z band detections
(zndet)
339- 340 I2 --- NZamb [0/42] Number of Z band detections shared
with another source (znamb)
342- 348 F7.4 mag Ymag [0.4/30]? Mean Y band magnitude
(photymean_mag)
350- 355 F6.4 mag e_Ymag [0/3.5]? Standard deviation of Y band
magnitude (photystd_mag)
357- 358 I2 --- o_Ymag [0/47] Number of Y band epochs
contributing to statistics
(photyn_epochs)
360- 361 I2 --- NYobs [0/47] Approximate number of Y band
observations (ynobs)
363- 364 I2 --- NYdet [0/47] Number of Y band detections
(yndet)
366- 367 I2 --- NYamb [0/44] Number of Y band detections shared
with another source (ynamb)
369- 375 F7.4 mag Jmag [0.009/30]? Mean J band magnitude
(photjmean_mag)
377- 382 F6.4 mag e_Jmag [0/3.2]? Standard deviation of J band
magnitude (photjstd_mag)
384- 386 I3 --- o_Jmag [0/107] Number of J band epochs
contributing to statistics
(photjn_epochs)
388- 390 I3 --- NJobs [0/107] Approximate number of J band
observations (jnobs)
392- 394 I3 --- NJdet [0/107] Number of J band detections
(jndet)
396- 397 I2 --- NJamb [0/93] Number of J band detections shared
with another source (jnamb)
399- 405 F7.4 mag Hmag [8e-4/30]? Mean H band magnitude
(phothmean_mag)
407- 412 F6.4 mag e_Hmag [0/4.7]? Standard deviation of H band
magnitude (phothstd_mag)
414- 415 I2 --- o_Hmag [0/70] Number of H band epochs
contributing to statistics
(phothn_epochs)
417- 418 I2 --- NHobs [0/70] Approximate number of H band
observations (hnobs)
420- 421 I2 --- NHdet [0/70] Number of H band detections
(hndet)
423- 424 I2 --- NHamb [0/64] Number of H band detections shared
with another source (hnamb)
426- 432 F7.4 mag Ksmag [9.2/18.6]? Mean Ks band magnitude
(photksmean_mag)
434- 439 F6.4 mag e_Ksmag [0/4.4]? Standard deviation of Ks band
magnitude (photksstd_mag)
441- 444 I4 --- o_Ksmag [0/2094] Number of Ks band epochs
contributing to statistics
(photksn_epochs)
446- 449 I4 --- NKsobs [0/2102] Approximate number of Ks band
observations (ksnobs)
451- 454 I4 --- NKsdet [10/2095] Number of Ks band detections
(ksndet)
456- 459 I4 --- NKsamb [0/1709] Number of Ks band detections
shared with another source (ksnamb)
461- 474 F14.8 d KsEp1 [55226.2/58727.2]? Epoch of first Ks band
detection, MJD (ksfirstepoch)
476- 489 F14.8 d KsEpl [55226.2/58727.2]? Epoch of last Ks band
detection, MJD (kslastepoch)
491- 500 F10.6 --- KsSkew [-43.2/42.8]? Skewness of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_skew)
502- 510 F9.6 mag Ksmag0th [0.003/18]? 0th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p0)
512- 520 F9.6 mag Ksmag1st [3.98/18]? 1st percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p1)
522- 530 F9.6 mag Ksmag2nd [4.7/18]? 2nd percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p2)
532- 540 F9.6 mag Ksmag4th [6/18]? 4th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p4)
542- 550 F9.6 mag Ksmag5th [6.8/18]? 5th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p5)
552- 560 F9.6 mag Ksmag8th [8.9/18]? 8th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p8)
562- 570 F9.6 mag Ksmag16th [9/18]? 16th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p16)
572- 580 F9.6 mag Ksmag25th [9/18]? 25th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p25)
582- 590 F9.6 mag Ksmag32th [9/18]? 32nd percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p32)
592- 600 F9.6 mag Ksmag50th [9.2/18]? 50th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p50)
602- 610 F9.6 mag Ksmag68th [9.2/18]? 68th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p68)
612- 620 F9.6 mag Ksmag75th [9.3/18.1]? 75th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p75)
622- 630 F9.6 mag Ksmag84th [9.3/18.4]? 84th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p84)
632- 640 F9.6 mag Ksmag92th [9.3/19.7]? 92nd percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p92)
642- 650 F9.6 mag Ksmag95th [9.3/21]? 95th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p95)
652- 660 F9.6 mag Ksmag96th [9.3/21.5]? 96th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p96)
662- 670 F9.6 mag Ksmag98th [9.3/24.3]? 98th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p98)
672- 680 F9.6 mag Ksmag99th [9.3/26.2]? 99th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p99)
682- 690 F9.6 mag Ksmag100th [9.3/30]? 100th percentile of Ks band
magnitudes (ks_p100)
692- 699 F8.6 mag MedKsmag [0/3.6]? Median absolute deviation from
the median Ks band magnitude (ks_mad)
701- 708 F8.6 mag e_MedKsmag [0.009/2.3]? Median uncertainty of Ks
band magnitudes (ksmederr)
710- 725 F16.10 --- SIKsmag [-478/15722]? Stetson I index for Ks band
magnitudes (ksStetsonI)
727- 740 F14.10 --- SJKsmag [-11/96.2]? Stetson J index for Ks band
magnitudes (ksStetsonJ)
742- 753 F12.10 --- SKKsmag [0.1/1]? Stetson K index for Ks band
magnitudes (ksStetsonK)
755- 758 I4 --- NSIobs [0/1006] Number of observation groups
used for Stetson indices
(ksStetsongroup_count)
760- 771 F12.10 --- etaKs [0.006/4]? Von Neumann eta index (ks_eta)
773- 793 F21.10 --- etaKsMod [3.8e-5/3.7e9]? Modified von Neumann eta
index (ksetaf)
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History:
Downloaded from http://www.eso.org/qi/catalog/show/424
(End) F.-X. Pineau, E. Perret [CDS] 23-Apr-2025