J/A+A/545/A66 X-ray and radio emission of type 1 AGNs (Ballo+, 2012)
Exploring X-ray and radio emission of type 1 AGN up to z∼2.3.
Ballo L., Heras F.J.H., Barcons X., Carrera F.J.
<Astron. Astrophys. 545, A66 (2012)>
=2012A&A...545A..66B 2012A&A...545A..66B
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei ; QSOs ; X-ray sources ; Radio sources
Keywords: galaxies: active - X-rays: galaxies - quasars: general -
quasars: emission lines - radio continuum: galaxies
Abstract:
X-ray emission from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is dominated by the
accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. The radio luminosity,
however, has not such a clear origin except in the most powerful
sources where jets are evident. The origin (and even the very
existence) of the local bi-modal distribution in radio-loudness is
also a debated issue. By analysing X-ray, optical and radio properties
of a large sample of type 1 AGN and quasars (QSOs) up to z>2, where
the bulk of this population resides, we aim to explore the interplay
between radio and X-ray emission in AGN, in order to further our
knowledge on the origin of radio emission, and its relation to
accretion.
We analyse a large (∼800 sources) sample of type 1 AGN and QSOs
selected from the 2XMMi XMM-Newton X-ray source catalogue,
cross-correlated with the SDSS DR7 spectroscopic catalogue, covering a
redshift range from z∼0.3 to z∼2.3. Supermassive black hole masses are
estimated from the Mg II emission line, bolometric luminosities from
the X-ray data, and radio emission or upper limits from the FIRST
catalogue. Most of the sources accrete close to the Eddington limit
and the distribution in radio-loudness does not appear to have a
bi-modal behaviour.
We confirm that radio-loud AGN are also X-ray loud, with an
X-ray-to-optical ratio up to twice that of radio-quiet objects, even
excluding the most extreme strongly jetted sources. By analysing
complementary radio-selected control samples, we find evidence that
these conclusions are not an effect of the X-ray selection, but are
likely a property of the dominant QSO population.
Our findings are best interpreted in a context where radio emission in
AGN, with the exception of a minority of beamed sources, arises from
very close to the accretion disk and is therefore heavily linked to
X-ray emission. We also speculate that the radio-loud/radio-quiet
dichotomy might either be an evolutionary effect that developed well
after the QSO peak epoch, or an effect of incompleteness in small
samples.
Description:
Basic information and derived properties are presented for our sample
of X-ray selected type 1 AGN (as well as for the X-ray undetected type
1 AGN in the "control sample"): coordinates, redshift, X-ray and radio
fluxes, optical magnitudes, from the SDSS, 2XMMi, and FIRST
catalogues; continuum luminosities at 3000A and in the X-ray band,
black hole masses, bolometric luminosities, Eddington ratios; for the
sources falling in the FIRST field, optical fluxes at 2500A and 4400
A, X-ray-to-optical index, radio classification, ratio between radio
and UV, optical, or X-ray fluxes.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 194 863 Basic information for the 852 X-ray selected
(+11 X-ray undetected) SDSS type 1 AGNs
table4.dat 206 863 Derived properties for the 852 X-ray selected
(+11 X-ray undetected) SDSS type 1 AGNs
table5.dat 255 863 Radio properties for the 852 X-ray selected
(+11 X-ray undetected) SDSS type 1 AGNs
falling in the FIRST field
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See also:
IX/41 : XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue 2XMMi-DR3 (XMM-SSC, 2010)
VIII/71 : The FIRST Survey Catalog, Version 03Apr11 (Becker+ 2003)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- XMM ? XMM source ID number, SRCID_XMM (G1)
7- 9 A3 --- f_XMM Arbitrary ID number for X-ray undetected
sources, NNX
11- 20 F10.6 deg RAdeg XMM Right ascension (J2000)
22- 31 F10.6 deg DEdeg XMM Declination (J2000)
33 A1 --- l_FX [l] If upper limit in X-ray
35- 43 F9.5 10-17W/m2 FX X-ray flux (0.2-12keV) (10-14erg/cm2/s)
45- 52 F8.5 10-17W/m2 e_FX ? X-ray flux error (0.2-12keV)
54- 61 F8.6 --- z SDSS redshift
63- 70 F8.6 --- e_z SDSS redshift error
72- 89 A18 --- SDSS SDSS source ID number, specObjID_SDSS
91-100 F10.6 deg RA2deg SDSS Right ascension (J2000)
102-111 F10.6 deg DE2deg SDSS Declination (J2000)
113-121 F9.6 mag gmag SDSS g-filter magnitude
123-131 F9.6 mag rmag SDSS r-filter magnitude
133-141 F9.6 mag imag SDSS i-filter magnitude
143-151 F9.6 0.1nm sigMg Standard deviation of MgII line
153-161 F9.6 0.1nm e_sigMg MgII standard deviation error
163-172 F10.6 10-19W/m2/nm FcMg Continuum below the MgII line
(10-17erg/cm2/s/Å)
174-184 F11.6 mJy FR ?=- FIRST (Cat. VIII/71)
integrated radio flux at 1.5GHz
185 A1 --- n_FR [Ou] Flag when no radio flux value (G2)
187-194 F8.6 mJy e_FR ?=- Error on FR
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- XMM ? XMM source ID number, SRCID_XMM (G1)
7- 9 A3 --- f_XMM Arbitrary ID number for X-ray undetected
sources, NNX
11- 18 F8.6 --- z SDSS redshift
20- 27 F8.6 --- e_z SDSS redshift error
29- 33 F5.2 10+20cm-2 NHgal Galactic column density
35 A1 --- r_W(Mg) [-*] Origin of W(Mg) (2)
37- 48 F12.6 km/s W(Mg) FWHM of the MgII emission line
50- 61 F12.6 km/s e_W(Mg) MgII FWHM error
63 A1 --- r_logL3000 [-*] Origin of logL3000 (3)
65- 73 F9.6 [uW/nm] logL3000 Luminosity at 3000Å rest frame
(erg/cm2/Å)
75- 82 F8.6 [uW/nm] e_logL3000 error in the logL3000
84 A1 --- r_logMBH [-*] Origin of logMBH (4)
86- 94 F9.6 [Msun] logMBH Mass of the central black hole
96-103 F8.6 [Msun] e_logMBH error in the log of BH mass
105 A1 --- l_logLx [l] If upper limit in logLx
107-115 F9.6 [10-7W] logLx X-ray luminosity log(L(2-10keV))
117-124 F8.6 [10-7W] e_logLx ?=- rms uncertainty on logLx
126 A1 --- l_logLx/Edd [l] If upper limit in Lx/Edd
128-136 F9.6 [-] logLx/Edd X-ray/Eddington luminosity ratio
=log(LX/LEdd)
138-145 F8.6 [-] e_logLx/Edd ?=- rms uncertainty on logLx/Edd
147 A1 --- l_logKx [l] If upper limit in logKx
149-156 F8.6 [-] logKx X-ray (2-10keV) bolometric correction
κ=Lbol/LX
158-165 F8.6 [-] e_logKx ?=- rms uncertainty on logKx
167 A1 --- l_logLbol [l] If upper limit in the logLbol
169-177 F9.6 [10-7W] logLbol Bolometric luminosity log(Lbol)
179-185 F7.5 [10-7W] e_logLbol ?=- rms uncertainty on logLbol
187 A1 --- l_logEdd [l] If upper limit in logEdd
189-197 F9.6 [-] logEdd Eddington ratio logλEdd
(λEdd=Lbol/LEdd)
199-206 F8.6 [-] e_logEdd ?=- rms uncertainty on logEdd
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Note (2): Flag as follows:
* = from the SDSS DR7 catalogue
- = from Shen et al. (2011ApJS..194...45S 2011ApJS..194...45S)
Note (3): Flag as follows:
* = See Sect 3
- = from Shen et al. (2011ApJS..194...45S 2011ApJS..194...45S)
Note (4): Flag as follows:
* = From eq. (1)
- = from Shen et al. (2011ApJS..194...45S 2011ApJS..194...45S)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- XMM ? XMM source ID number, SRCID_XMM (G1)
7- 9 A3 --- f_XMM Arbitrary ID number for the 11 undetected
X-ray sources (01X to 11X)
11- 18 F8.6 mJy F2500 Flux at 2500Å rest frame
20- 27 F8.6 mJy e_F2500 rms uncertainty on F2500
29 A1 --- l_aox [l-] If upper limit in X-ray
31- 39 F9.6 --- aox X-ray to optical spectral index
41- 48 F8.6 --- e_aox ?=- rms uncertainty on aox
50- 57 F8.6 mJy F4400 ?=- Flux at 4400Å rest frame (1)
59- 66 F8.6 mJy e_F4400 ?=- rms uncertainty on F4400 (1)
68- 78 F11.6 mJy F5GHz ?=- Flux at 5GHz rest frame
79 A1 --- f_F5GHz [Ou] Reason of missing F5GHz (G2)
81- 90 F10.6 mJy e_F5GHz ?=- rms uncertainty on F5GHz
92- 99 F8.6 mJy F5GHzlim ?=- Upper limit to flux at 5GHz
100 A1 --- f_F5GHzlim [O-] Flag on F5GHzlim (2)
102-109 F8.6 mJy e_F5GHzlim ?=- rms uncertainty on F5GHzlim
111-122 F12.6 --- R ?=- Radio to UV radioloudness
123 A1 --- f_R [Ou] Reason of missing R (G2)
125-135 F11.6 --- e_R ?=- Radio-UV radioloudness error
138-148 F11.6 --- Rlim ?=- Upper limit to R
149 A1 --- f_Rlim [O-] Flag on Rlim (2)
151-160 F10.6 --- e_Rlim ?=- rms uncertainty on Rlim
163-166 A4 --- Class ?=- Radio classification (3)
168-179 F12.6 --- R4400 ?=- Radio to optical radioloudness
180 A1 --- f_R4400 [Ou-] Flag on R4400 (4)
182-192 F11.6 --- e_R4400 ?=- Radio-opt. radioloudness error
195-203 F9.6 --- R4400lim ?=- Upper limit to R4400
204 A1 --- f_R4400lim [O-] Flag on R4400lim (5)
206-214 F9.6 --- e_R4400lim ?=- rms uncertainty on R4400lim
217-224 F8.6 --- RX ?=- Radio to X-ray radioloudness
225 A1 --- f_RX [Ou-] Flag on RX (2)
227-234 F8.6 --- e_RX ?=- rms uncertainty on RX
236 A1 --- l_RXlim [u] u if RXlim is a lower limit for
radio-detected and X-ray undetected sources
238-245 F8.6 --- RXlim ?=- Upper limit for X-ray detected AGN not
detected by FIRST
246 A1 --- f_RXlim [O] Reason of missing RXlim (G2)
248-255 F8.6 --- e_RXlim ?=- rms uncertainty on RXlim
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Note (1): no value for source without Hbeta line in their spectra
Note (2): When no value, flags as follows:
O = source not covered by FIRST
- = source detected by FIRST
u = source covered but not detected by FIRST
Note (3): Radio classification as follows:
RL = radioloud
dRI = detected radiointermediate
ndRI = nondetected with upper limit to R between 1 and 10
RQ = radioquiet
NC = nonclassified
- = source not covered by FIRST
Note (4): When no value, flags as follows:
O = source not covered by FIRST
u = source covered but not detected by FIRST
- = source without Hbeta line in their spectra
Note (5): When no value, flags as follows:
O = source not covered by FIRST
- = source detected by FIRST or without Hbeta line in their spectra
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Unique source identification number in 2XMMi catalogue (Cat. IX/41).
Note (G2): Flag as follows:
O = source not covered by FIRST
u = source covered but not detected by FIRST
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Acknowledgements:
Lucia Ballo, lucia.ballo(at)gmail.com, (CSIC-UC, Santander, Spain)
(End) Lucia Ballo [IFCA, Santander, Spain], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 07-Sep-2012