J/A+A/548/A106 PMN J0948+0022 radio-to-gamma-ray monitoring (Foschini+, 2012)
Radio-to-gamma-ray monitoring of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PMN J0948+0022
from 2008 to 2011.
Foschini L., Angelakis E., Fuhrmann L., Ghisellini G., Hovatta T.,
Lahteenmaki A., Lister M.L., Braito V., Gallo L., Hamilton T.S., Kino M.,
Komossa S., Pushkarev A.B., Thompson D.J., Tibolla O., Tramacere A.,
Carraminana A., Carrasco L., Falcone A., Giroletti M., Grupe D.,
Kovalev Y.Y., Krichbaum T.P., Max-Moerbeck W., Nestoras I., Pearson T.J.,
Porras A., Readhead A.C.S., Recillas E., Richards J.L., Riquelme D.,
Sievers A., Tammi J., Tornikoski M., Ungerechts H., Zensus J.A., Celotti A.,
Bonnoli G., Doi A., Maraschi L., Tagliaferri G., Tavecchio F.
<Astron. Astrophys. 548, A106 (2012)>
=2012A&A...548A.106F 2012A&A...548A.106F
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, Seyfert ; Galaxies, photometry ; Gamma rays ;
X-ray sources - Radio sources ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: galaxies: jets - galaxies: Seyfert - gamma-rays: galaxies -
galaxies: individual: PMN J0948+0022
Abstract:
We present more than three years of observations at different
frequencies, from radio to high-energy gamma-rays, of the Narrow-Line
Seyfert 1 (NLS1) Galaxy PMN J0948+0022 (z=0.585). This source is the
first NLS1 detected at energies above 100 MeV and therefore can be
considered the prototype of this emerging new class of gamma-ray
emitting active galactic nuclei (AGN). The observations performed from
2008 August 1 to 2011 December 31 confirmed that PMN J0948+0022
generates a powerful relativistic jet, able to develop an isotropic
luminosity at gamma-rays of the order of 1048erg/s, at the level of
powerful quasars. The evolution of the radiation emission of this
source in 2009 and 2010 followed the canonical expectations of
relativistic jets, with correlated multiwavelength variability
(gamma-rays followed by radio emission after a few months), but it was
difficult to retrieve a similar pattern in the light curves of 2011.
The comparison of gamma-ray spectra before and including 2011 data
suggested that there was a softening of the high-energy spectral
slope. We selected five specific epochs to be studied by modelling the
broad-band spectrum, characterised by an outburst at gamma-rays or
very low/high flux at other wavelengths. The observed variability can
largely be explained either by changes in the injected power, the bulk
Lorentz factor of the jet or the electron spectrum. The characteristic
time scale of doubling/halving flux ranges from a few days to a few
months, depending on the frequency and the sampling rate. The shortest
doubling time scale at gamma-rays is 2.3±0.5days. These small values
underline the need of highly-sampled multiwavelength campaigns to
better understand the physics of these sources.
Description:
Data in tabular form of the Figures A1, A2, and A3.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------------
09 48 57.32 +00 22 25.5 PMN J0948+0022 = QSO J0948+0022
----------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
fermi.dat 39 116 Lightcurve 0.1-100GeV (Fermi LAT) (Fig. A1a)
xrt.dat 41 28 Lightcurve 0.3-10keV (Swift XRT) (Fig. A1b)
uvot.dat 45 103 Swift UVOT lightcurves (UVW2, UVM2, UVW1, UBV)
inaoe.dat 32 38 INAOE lightcurves (JHK)
radio.dat 48 500 Radio lightcurves
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: fermi.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.1 d Time Days since 2008 Aug 1 (MJD-54679)
12- 20 F9.3 10-7ph/cm2/s Flux 0.1-100GeV Flux
22- 30 F9.3 10-7ph/cm2/s e_Flux Flux Error
37- 39 F3.1 d Bin Time bin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: xrt.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.5 d Time Days since 2008 Aug 1 (MJD-54679)
12- 20 F9.5 ct/s Flux 0.3-10keV Flux
22- 30 F9.5 ct/s e_Flux Flux Error
32- 40 F9.5 d Bin Time bin
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: uvot.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.5 d Time Days since 2008 Aug 1 (MJD-54679)
12- 20 F9.5 mJy Flux Flux in Filt
22- 30 F9.5 mJy e_Flux Flux Error
32- 40 F9.5 d Bin Time bin
42- 45 A4 --- Filt UVOT filter (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): UVW2 in Fig. A1c, UVM2 in fig. A1d, UVW1 in fig. A1e,
U in Fig. A1f, B in fig. A2a and V in fig. A2b
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: inaoe.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.3 d Time Days since 2008 Aug 1 (MJD-54679)
12- 20 F9.3 mJy Flux Flux in Filt
22- 30 F9.3 mJy e_Flux Flux Error
32 A1 --- Filt [JHK] INAOE filter (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): J filter in Fig. A2c, H filter in Fig. A2d, K filter in Fig. A2e
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: radio.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.3 d Time Days since 2008 Aug 1 (MJD-54679)
12- 20 F9.3 Jy Flux Radio Flux in Band
22- 30 F9.3 Jy e_Flux Flux error
32- 37 F6.2 GHz Band Observed band (1)
39- 48 A10 --- Tel Telescope (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Bands and telescopes:
142. GHz (IRAM) (Fig. A2f)
86. GHz (IRAM) (Fig. A2g)
43. GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A2h)
37. GHz (Metsahovi) (Fig. A3a)
32. GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3b)
23. GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3c)
15. GHz (OVRO) (Fig. A3d1)
15. GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3d2)
15. GHz (MOJAVE) (Fig. A3d3)
10.45 GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3e)
8.4 GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3f1)
8.4 GHz (Medicina) (Fig. A3f2)
5. GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3g1)
5. GHz (Medicina) (Fig. A3g2)
2.64 GHz (Effelsberg) (Fig. A3h)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Luigi Foschini, luigi.foschini(at)brera.inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 22-Oct-2012