J/A+A/620/A24 Pipe nebula optical-depth, column-density maps (Hasenberger+ 2018)
The HP2 Survey. IV. The Pipe nebula: Effective dust temperatures in dense cores.
Hasenberger B., Lombardi M., Alves J., Forbrich J., Hacar A., Lada C.J.
<Astron. Astrophys. 620, A24 (2018)>
=2018A&A...620A..24H 2018A&A...620A..24H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Interstellar medium ; Molecular clouds ; Extinction
Keywords: dust, extinction - ISM: structure - sub-millimeter: ISM -
infrared: ISM - ISM: individual objects: Pipe nebula -
methods: data analysis
Abstract:
Multi-wavelength observations in the sub-mm regime provide information
on the distribution of both the dust column density and the effective
dust temperature in molecular clouds. In this study, we created
high-resolution and high-dynamic-range maps of the Pipe nebula region
and explored the value of dust-temperature measurements in particular
towards the dense cores embedded in the cloud. The maps are based on
data from the Herschel and Planck satellites, and calibrated with a
near-infrared extinction map based on 2MASS observations. We have
considered a sample of previously defined cores and found that the
majority of core regions contain at least one local temperature
minimum. Moreover, we observed an anti-correlation between column
density and temperature. The slope of this anti-correlation is
dependent on the region boundaries and can be used as a metric to
distinguish dense from diffuse areas in the cloud if systematic
effects are addressed appropriately. Employing dust-temperature data
thus allows us to draw conclusions on the thermodynamically dominant
processes in this sample of cores: external heating by the
interstellar radiation field and shielding by the surrounding medium.
In addition, we have taken a first step towards a physically motivated
core definition by recognising that the column-density-temperature
anti-correlation is sensitive to the core boundaries. Dust-temperature
maps therefore clearly contain valuable information about the physical
state of the observed medium.
Description:
Optical depth and effective dust temperature maps for the Pipe nebula
region based on Herschel and Planck data. The resolution is 36" within
the areas covered by Herschel, and 5' for the remaining areas where the
Planck dust model has been used (Planck Collaboration,
2014A&A...571A..11P 2014A&A...571A..11P).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
list.dat 193 1 Description of FITS file
fits/* . 1 FITS file with 7 images
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See also:
J/A+A/566/A45 : Orion optical-depth & column-density maps (Lombardi+, 2014)
J/A+A/587/A106 : Perseus dust optical depth & column density maps (Zari+, 2016)
J/A+A/606/A100 : YSOs in California Molecular Cloud (Lada+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: list.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1 A1 --- --- [G]
2- 10 F9.5 deg GLON Galactic longitude
11- 19 F9.5 deg GLAT Galactic latitude
21- 22 I2 arcsec/pix scale Scale of the image
24- 27 I4 --- Nx Number of pixels along X-axis
29- 32 I4 --- Ny Number of pixels along Y-axis
34 I1 --- Nz Number of images (1)
36- 40 I5 Kibyte size Size of FITS file
42- 53 A12 --- FileName Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fits
55-193 A139 --- Text Title of the FITS file
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Note (1): the 7 planes correspond to
PLANE#1 = Opacity map at 353GHz
PLANE#2 = Error on opacity map at 353GHz
PLANE#3 = Effective dust temperature [K]
PLANE#4 = Error on effective dust temperature [K]
PLANE#5 = Modified black-body exponent (Planck)
PLANE#6 = Error on modified black-body exponent
PLANE#7 = Total chi-square
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Acknowledgements:
Birgit Hasenberger, birgit.hasenberger(at)univie.ac.at
References:
Lombardi et al., Paper I 2014A&A...566A..45L 2014A&A...566A..45L, Cat. J/A+A/566/A45
Zari et al., Paper II 2016A&A...587A.106Z 2016A&A...587A.106Z, Cat. J/A+A/587/A106
Lada et al., Paper III 2017A&A...606A.100L 2017A&A...606A.100L, Cat. J/A+A/606/A100
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Jul-2018