J/A+A/627/A13 Second AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources (Bulgarelli+, 2019)
Second AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources.
Bulgarelli A., Fioretti V., Parmiggiani N., Verrecchia F., Pittori C.,
Lucarelli F., Tavani M., Aboudan A., Cardillo M., Giuliani A.,
Cattaneo P.W., Chen A.W., Piano G., Rappoldi A., Baroncelli L., Argan A.,
Antonelli L.A., Donnarumma I., Gianotti F., Giommi P., Giusti M., Longo F.,
Pellizzoni A., Pilia M., Trifoglio M., Trois A., Vercellone S., Zoli A.
<Astron. Astrophys. 627, A13 (2019)>
=2019A&A...627A..13B 2019A&A...627A..13B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei ; Gamma rays ; Pulsars ; BL Lac objects ;
Surveys
Mission_Name: AGILE
Keywords: gamma-rays: general - catalogues - surveys
Abstract:
We present the second AGILE-GRID catalogue (2AGL) of gamma-ray sources
in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV. With respect to previous AGILE-GRID
catalogues, the current 2AGL catalogue is based on the first 2.3 years
of science data from the AGILE mission (the so-called pointing mode)
and incorporates more data and several analysis improvements,
including better calibrations at the event reconstruction level, an
updated model for the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, a refined
procedure for point-like source detection, and the inclusion of a
search for extended gamma-ray sources. The 2AGL catalogue includes 175
high-confidence sources (above 4σ significance) with their
location regions and spectral properties and a variability analysis
with four-day light curves for the most significant. Relying on the
error region of each source position, including systematic
uncertainties, 122 sources are considered as positionally associated
with known counterparts at different wavelengths or detected by other
gamma-ray instruments. Among the identified or associated sources, 62
are active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of the blazar class. Pulsars
represent the largest Galactic source class, with 41 associated
pulsars, 7 of which have detected pulsation; 8 supernova remnants and
4 high-mass X-ray binaries have also been identified. A substantial
number of 2AGL sources are unidentified: for 53 sources no known
counterpart is found at different wavelengths. Among these sources, we
discuss a subclass of 29 AGILE-GRID-only gamma-ray sources that are
not present in 1FGL, 2FGL, or 3FGL catalogues; the remaining sources
are unidentified in both 2AGL and 3FGL catalogues. We also present an
extension of the analysis of 2AGL sources detected in the energy range
50-100MeV.
Description:
The data for the 2AGL catalogue were taken during the period from July
13, 2007, to October 15, 2009. The AGILE-GRID detects gamma-rays in
the energy range from 100MeV to 10GeV.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table10.dat 423 175 2AGL Catalogue sources
table11.dat 244 175 Spectral information of 2AGL Catalogue sources
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See also:
J/A+A/506/1563 : First AGILE catalog of gamma-ray sources (Pittori+, 2009)
J/A+A/558/A137 : AGILE bright gamma-ray sources updated list (Verrecchia+ 2013)
J/A+A/587/A93 : MeV-GeV counterparts of TeV sources (Rappoldi+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- 2AGL 2AGL Source Name (G1)
18- 23 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right Ascension, J2000
25- 30 F6.2 deg DEdeg Declination, J2000
32- 37 F6.2 deg GLON Galactic longitude
39- 44 F6.2 deg GLAT Galactic latitude
46- 49 F4.2 deg Rad Radius (2)
51- 54 F4.2 deg thetaa Semi-major axis (3)
56- 59 F4.2 deg thetab Semi-minor axis (3)
61- 66 F6.2 deg phi Position Angle clockwise (3)
68- 69 A2 --- SM Spectral Model (G2)
71- 75 F5.1 --- Signi Test statistic significance (5)
77- 80 F4.2 --- alpha Spectral index or first index (6)
82- 85 F4.2 --- e_alpha Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty
of alpha
87- 91 F5.1 10-8ph/cm2/s Fgamma Photon flux (7)
93- 96 F4.1 10-8ph/cm2/s e_Fgamma Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty of
Fgamma
98-103 F6.1 10-8ph/cm2/s Fe Integrated energy flux (8)
105-108 F4.1 10-8ph/cm2/s e_Fe Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty of Fe
110 I1 -- VI ? Variability index (9)
112-115 I4 10+6cm2.s Exp Exposure (10)
117-119 I3 d Expdays Exposure in days (10)
121-123 A3 --- Flag Flags separated by comma (G3)
125-195 A71 --- AGLAssoc ? Positional associations with AGILE
catalogs separated by comma (12)
197-332 A136 --- GammaAssoc ? Positional associations with other
not AGILE catalogs separated
by comma (13)
334-417 A84 --- IDorAssoc ? Identified or associated sources
separated by comma
419-423 A5 --- Class Class (G4)
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Note (2): 95% Circular confidence region (c.l.) statistical error only.
Note (3): 95% Elliptical confidence region (c.l.) statistical error only.
Note (5): Significance derived from likelihood test statistic in the energy
range 100MeV-10GeV.
Note (6): Spectral index for PL, PC, and PS spectral models, the first index
for LP spectral model, in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV.
Note (7): Photon flux in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV, summed over 4 bands,
for the pointing mode period.
Note (8): Integrated energy flux in the energy range 100MeV-10 GeV, for the
pointing mode period.
Note (9): Variability index equal to 1 indicates <1% chance of being a steady
source. No value indicates that there are not enough 4 day time periods to
calculate the index.
Note (10): Exposure in cm2*Ms and days. Days are obtained dividing exposure
by the mean effective area of 300cm2 and 86400s.
Note (12): AGILE catalogues as follows:
1AGL = Pittori, et al., 2009, Cat. J/A+A/506/1563
1AGLR = Verrecchia et al., 2013, Cat. J/A+A/558/A137
AGILE-TEVCAT = Rappoldi et al., 2016, Cat. J/A+A/587/A93
Note (13): Other catalogues as follows:
0FGL = Abdo et al., 2009, Cat. J/ApJS/183/46
1FGL = Abdo et al., 2010, Cat. J/ApJS/188/405
2FGL = Nolan et al., 2012, Cat. J/ApJS/199/31
3EG = Hartman et al., 1999, Cat. J/ApJS/123/79
3FGL = Acero et al., 2015ApJS..218....2T 2015ApJS..218....2T
3FHL = Ajello et al., 2017, Cat. J/ApJS/232/18
TeGeV = Carosi et al., 2015ICRC...34..956A 2015ICRC...34..956A
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- 2AGL 2AGL Source Name (G1)
18- 22 F5.1 --- Signi Test statistic significance (2)
24- 25 A2 --- SM Spectral Model (G2)
27- 30 F4.2 --- alpha Spectral index or first index (4)
32- 35 F4.2 --- e_alpha Statistical 1-sigma uncertainty
for alpha
37- 42 F6.1 MeV Ec ? Cut-off energy for PC and PS
spectral models
44- 49 F6.1 MeV e_Ec ? Ec statistical 1-sigma uncertainty
51- 53 F3.1 --- beta ? Second index for PS spectral models
55- 57 F3.1 --- e_beta ? beta statistical 1-sigma uncertainty
59- 64 F6.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F1 Photon flux in 100-300MeV energy band
66- 70 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F1 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F1
72- 75 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F1 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F1
77- 80 F4.1 --- Signi1 Test statistic significance in
100-300MeV (5)
82- 87 F6.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F2 Photon flux in 300-1000MeV energy band
89- 93 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F2 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F2
95- 98 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F2 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F2
100-104 F5.1 --- Signi2 Test statistic significance in
300-1000MeV (5)
106-111 F6.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F3 Photon flux in 1-3GeV energy band
113-117 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F3 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F3
119-122 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F3 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F3
124-127 F4.1 --- Signi3 Test statistic significance in
1-3GeV (5)
129-133 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s F4 Photon flux in 3-10GeV energy band
135-139 F5.2 10-8ph/cm2/s e_F4 ? Lower limit uncertainty in F4
141-144 F4.2 10-8ph/cm2/s E_F4 ? Upper limit uncertainty in F4
146-149 F4.1 --- Signi4 Test statistic significance in
3-10GeV (5)
151-234 A84 --- IDorAssoc ? Identified or associated sources
separated by comma
236-238 A3 --- Flag Flags separated with comma (G3)
240-244 A5 --- Class Class (G4)
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Note (2): Significance derived from likelihood test statistic in the energy
range 100MeV-10GeV
Note (4): Spectral index for PL, PC, and PS spectral models, the first index
for LP spectral model, in the energy range 100MeV-10GeV
Note (5): Significance derived from likelihood test statistic in the selected
energy band. If the significance is less than 3 the 2 sigma upper limit
is selected
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Global notes:
Note (G1): 2AGL JHHMM+DDMM[c/e] constructed according to IAU Specifications for
Nomenclature; in the name, RA and Decl. are truncated at 0.10 and 10,
respectively;
"c" indicates that based on the region of the sky the source is potentially
confused with Galactic diffuse emission;
"e" indicates a source modelled as spatially extended
Note (G2): Spectral model as follows:
PL = power-law fit to the energy spectrum
PC = power-law with exponential cut-off fit to the energy spectrum
PS = power-law with superexponential cut-off fit to the energy spectrum
LP = log-parabola fit to the energy spectrum
Note (G3): Flags as follows:
1 = alfa fixed to 2.1
2 = 2 upper limits over 4 in the energy bands 100-300, 300-1000, 1000-3000,
3000-10000MeV
3 = 3 upper limits over 4 in the energy bands 100-300, 300-1000, 1000-3000,
3000-10000MeV
4 = 4 upper limits over 4 in the energy bands 100-300, 300-1000, 1000-3000,
3000-10000MeV
5 = Optimisation of position and spectral shape in two different steps
Note (G4): Designations shown in capital letters are firm identifications;
lower case letters indicate associations, as follows:
PSR = Pulsars
PWN = Pulsars wind nebula
SNR = Supernova remnants
spp = potential association with SNR or PWN
GLC = Globular clusters
HMXB = High-mass X-ray binaries
BIN = Binaries
BLL = BL Lac type of blazars
FSRQ = FSRQ type of blazars
RDG = Radio galaxies
BCU = Blazars candidate of uncertain type. unid: unidentified
gunid = Gamma unidentified
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Acknowledgements:
Andrea Bulgarelli, andrea.bulgarelli(at)inaf.it
(End) Andrea Bulgarelli [INAF, Italia], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 28-May-2019