J/A+A/627/A82 Venus photometric flux and los velocities (Gaulme+, 2019)
Atmospheric circulation of Venus measured with visible imaging-spectroscopy
at the THEMIS observatory.
Gaulme P., Schmider F.-X., Widemann T., Goncalves I., Lopez Ariste A.,
Gelly B.
<Astron. Astrophys. 627, A82 (2019)>
=2019A&A...627A..82G 2019A&A...627A..82G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Solar system ; Planets ; Photometry ; Space velocities
Keywords: planets and satellites: individual: Venus -
planets and satellites: atmospheres - methods: observational -
techniques: imaging spectroscopy - techniques: radial velocities
Abstract:
Measuring Venus' atmospheric circulation at different altitudes is
important for understanding its complex dynamics, in particular the
mechanisms driving the super-rotation. Observationally, Doppler
imaging spectroscopy is in principle be the most reliable way to
measure wind speeds of planetary atmospheres because it directly
provides the projected speed of atmospheric particles. However,
high-resolution imaging-spectroscopy is challenging, especially in the
visible domain, and most of the knowledge about atmospheric dynamics
has been obtained with cloud-tracking technique. The objective of the
present work is to measure the global properties of Venus'
atmospheric dynamics at the altitude of the uppermost clouds, which is
probed by reflected solar lines in the visible domain. Our results are
based on high-resolution spectroscopic observations with the long slit
spectrometer of the solar telescope THEMIS. We present the first
instantaneous "radial-velocity snapshot" of any planet of the
solar system in the visible domain, i.e., a complete RV map of the
planet obtained by stacking data on less than 10% of its rotation
period. From this, we measure the properties of the zonal and
meridional winds, which we unambiguously detect. We identify a wind
circulation pattern that significantly differs from previous knowledge
about Venus. The zonal wind displays a "hot spot" structure, featuring
about 200m/s at sunrise and 70m/s at noon in the equatorial region.
Regarding meridional winds, we detect an equator-to-pole meridional
flow peaking at 45m/s at mid latitudes, i.e., which is about twice as
large as what was reported so far.
Description:
Two-dimension maps of Venus from data taken on September 14th, 16th
and 17th, 2009.
Velocity data are provided for the data points that are reliable,
i.e., for all the point visible on Fig. 13 (middle panel), whereas
photometry is provided for out-of-mask regions, in case a user would
like to fit the complete photometric profile.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 330 17 *Photometric map of Venus from data taken on
September 14th, 2009
tablea2.dat 330 17 *Photometric map of Venus from data taken on
September 16th, 2009
tablea3.dat 330 17 *Photometric map of Venus from data taken on
September 17th, 2009
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Note on tablea1.dat: Pixel size is 0.7973 arcsec in X (step between columns),
and 0.8342 arcsec in Y (step between lines).
Note on tablea2.dat: Pixel size is 0.8186 arcsec in X (step between columns),
and 0.7834 arcsec in Y (step between lines).
Note on tablea3.dat: Pixel size is 0.8367 arcsec in X (step between columns),
and 0.8450 arcsec in Y (step between lines).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat tablea2.dat tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 F5.1 --- P1 Point 1 photometric flux for the line (1)
7- 11 F5.1 --- P2 Point 2 photometric flux for the line (1)
13- 17 F5.1 --- P3 Point 3 photometric flux for the line (1)
19- 23 F5.1 --- P4 Point 4 photometric flux for the line (1)
25- 30 F6.1 --- P5 Point 5 photometric flux for the line (1)
32- 37 F6.1 --- P6 Point 6 photometric flux for the line (1)
39- 44 F6.1 --- P7 Point 7 photometric flux for the line (1)
46- 51 F6.1 --- P8 Point 8 photometric flux for the line (1)
53- 58 F6.1 --- P9 Point 9 photometric flux for the line (1)
60- 65 F6.1 --- P10 Point 10 photometric flux for the line (1)
67- 72 F6.1 --- P11 Point 11 photometric flux for the line (1)
74- 79 F6.1 --- P12 Point 12 photometric flux for the line (1)
81- 86 F6.1 --- P13 Point 13 photometric flux for the line (1)
88- 93 F6.1 --- P14 Point 14 photometric flux for the line (1)
95-100 F6.1 --- P15 Point 15 photometric flux for the line (1)
102-106 F5.1 --- P16 Point 16 photometric flux for the line (1)
108-112 F5.1 --- P17 Point 17 photometric flux for the line (1)
114-118 F5.1 --- P18 Point 18 photometric flux for the line (1)
120-124 F5.1 --- P19 Point 19 photometric flux for the line (1)
126-130 F5.1 --- P20 Point 20 photometric flux for the line (1)
132-134 F3.1 m/s V1 Point 1 line-of-sight velocity for the line
136-138 F3.1 m/s V2 Point 2 line-of-sight velocity for the line
140-142 F3.1 m/s V3 Point 3 line-of-sight velocity for the line
144-146 F3.1 m/s V4 Point 4 line-of-sight velocity for the line
148-152 F5.1 m/s V5 Point 5 line-of-sight velocity for the line
154-158 F5.1 m/s V6 Point 6 line-of-sight velocity for the line
160-164 F5.1 m/s V7 Point 7 line-of-sight velocity for the line
166-170 F5.1 m/s V8 Point 8 line-of-sight velocity for the line
172-176 F5.1 m/s V9 Point 9 line-of-sight velocity for the line
178-182 F5.1 m/s V10 Point 10 line-of-sight velocity for the line
184-188 F5.1 m/s V11 Point 11 line-of-sight velocity for the line
190-194 F5.1 m/s V12 Point 12 line-of-sight velocity for the line
196-201 F6.1 m/s V13 Point 13 line-of-sight velocity for the line
203-208 F6.1 m/s V14 Point 14 line-of-sight velocity for the line
210-215 F6.1 m/s V15 Point 15 line-of-sight velocity for the line
217-222 F6.1 m/s V16 Point 16 line-of-sight velocity for the line
224-226 F3.1 m/s V17 Point 17 line-of-sight velocity for the line
228-230 F3.1 m/s V18 Point 18 line-of-sight velocity for the line
232-234 F3.1 m/s V19 Point 19 line-of-sight velocity for the line
236-238 F3.1 m/s V20 Point 20 line-of-sight velocity for the line
240-242 F3.1 m/s e_V1 Point 1 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
244-246 F3.1 m/s e_V2 Point 2 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
248-250 F3.1 m/s e_V3 Point 3 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
252-254 F3.1 m/s e_V4 Point 4 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
256-259 F4.1 m/s e_V5 Point 5 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
261-264 F4.1 m/s e_V6 Point 6 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
266-269 F4.1 m/s e_V7 Point 7 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
271-274 F4.1 m/s e_V8 Point 8 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
276-279 F4.1 m/s e_V9 Point 9 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
281-284 F4.1 m/s e_V10 Point 10 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
286-289 F4.1 m/s e_V11 Point 11 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
291-294 F4.1 m/s e_V12 Point 12 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
296-299 F4.1 m/s e_V13 Point 13 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
301-304 F4.1 m/s e_V14 Point 14 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
306-309 F4.1 m/s e_V15 Point 15 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
311-314 F4.1 m/s e_V16 Point 16 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
316-318 F3.1 m/s e_V17 Point 17 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
320-322 F3.1 m/s e_V18 Point 18 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
324-326 F3.1 m/s e_V19 Point 19 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
328-330 F3.1 m/s e_V20 Point 20 line-of-sight velocity error
for the line
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Note (1): Photometric flux is in analog digital unit.
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Acknowledgements:
Patrick Gaulme,, gaulme(at)mps.mpg.de
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 29-May-2019