J/A+A/634/A108        LOFAR view of NGC 3998                    (Sridhar+, 2020)

LOFAR view of NGC 3998, a sputtering AGN. Sridhar S.S., Morganti R., Nyland K., Frank B.S., Harwood J., Oosterloo T. <Astron. Astrophys. 634, A108 (2020)> =2020A&A...634A.108S 2020A&A...634A.108S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei ; Radio sources Keywords: galaxies: active - radio continuum: galaxy - galaxies: individual: NGC 3998 - ISM: jets and outflows Abstract: Low-power radio sources dominate the radio sky. They tend to be small in size and dominated by their cores, but the origin of their properties and the evolution of their radio plasma are not well constrained. Interestingly, there is mounting evidence that low-power radio sources can significantly aect their surrounding gaseous medium and may therefore be more relevant for galaxy evolution than previously thought. In this paper, we present low radio frequency observations obtained with LOFAR at 147MHz of the radio source hosted by NGC 3998. This is a rare example of a low-power source that is extremely dominated by its core, but that has two large scale lobes of low surface brightness. We combine the new 147MHz image with available 1400MHz data to derive the spectral index over the source. Despite the low surface brightness, reminiscent of remnant structures, the lobes show an optically thin synchrotron spectral index (∼0.6). We interpret this as being due to rapid decollimation of the jets close to the core, to high turbulence of the plasma flow, and to entrainment of thermal gas. This could be the result of intermittent activity of the central active galactic nucleus, or, more likely, temporary disruption of the jet due to the interaction of the jet with the rich circumnuclear interstellar matter. Both would result in sputtering energy injection from the core, which would keep the lobes fed, albeit at a low rate.We discuss these results in connection with the properties of low-power radio sources in general. Our findings show that amorphous low surface brightness lobes should not be interpreted by default as remnant structures. Large deep surveys (in particular the LOFAR 150MHz LoTSS and the recently started 1400MHz Apertif survey) will identify a growing number of objects similar to NGC 3998 where these ideas can be further tested. Description: NGC 3998 was observed for eight hours with the LOFAR High Band Antenna (HBA) on 23 March 2015 (Open Time project LC3_025 PI K. Nyland). Objects: --------------------------------------------------- RA (2000) DE Designation(s) --------------------------------------------------- 11 57 56.13 +55 27 12.9 NGC 3998 = UGC 6946 --------------------------------------------------- File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file list.dat 111 1 Informations of fits image fits/* . 1 fits image -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/A+A/592/A94 : Radio continuum and gas reservoir in NGC 3998 (Frank+, 2016) Byte-by-byte Description of file: list.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 9 F9.5 deg RAdeg Right Ascension of center (J2000) 10- 18 F9.5 deg DEdeg Declination of center (J2000) 20- 22 I3 --- Nx Number of pixels along X-axis 24- 26 I3 --- Ny Number of pixels along Y-axis 28- 48 A21 "datime" Obs.date Observation date 50- 53 I4 Kibyte size Size of FITS file 55- 73 A19 --- FileName Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fits 75-111 A37 --- Title Title of the FITS file -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Sarrvesh Sridhar, sarrvesh(at)astron.nl
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 10-Feb-2020
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