J/A+A/639/A136 The Fornax Deep Survey with the VST. IX. (Cantiello+, 2020)
The Fornax Deep Survey with the VST. IX. The catalog of sources in the FDS area,
with an example study for globular clusters and background galaxies.
Cantiello M., Venhola A., Grado A., Paolillo M., D'Abrusco R., Raimondo G.,
Quintini M., Hilker M., Mieske S., Tortora C., Spavone M., Capaccioli M.,
Iodice E., Peletier R., Barroso J.F., Limatola L., Napolitano N.,
Schipani P., van de Ven G., Gentile F., Covone G.
<Astron. Astrophys. 639, A136 (2020)>
=2020A&A...639A.136C 2020A&A...639A.136C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, galaxy ; Galaxies, photometry ; Photometry, SDSS ;
Morphology ; Clusters, globular
Keywords: galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD -
galaxies: star clusters: general -
galaxies: individual: NGC 1316, NGC 1399 -
galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax - galaxies: evolution -
galaxies: stellar content
Abstract:
A possible pathway for understanding the events and the
mechanisms involved in galaxy formation and evolution is an in-depth
comprehension of the galactic and inter-galactic fossil sub-structures
with long dynamical times-scales: stars in the field and in stellar
clusters.
This paper continues the series of the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS).
Following the previous studies dedicated to extended Fornax cluster
members, in this paper we present the catalogs of compact stellar
systems in the Fornax cluster as well as extended background sources
and point-like sources.
We derive ugri photometry of ∼1.7 million sources over the ∼21 square
degree area of FDS centered on the bright central galaxy NGC1399. For
a wider area, of ∼27 square degrees extending in the direction of
NGC1316, we provide gri photometry for ∼3.1 million sources. To
improve the morphological characterization of sources we generate
multi-band image stacks by coadding the best seeing gri-band single
exposures with a cut at FWHM≤0.9". We use the multi-band stacks as
master detection frames, with a FWHM improved by ∼15% and a FWHM
variability from field to field reduced by a factor of ∼2.5 compared
to the pass-band with best FWHM, namely the r-band. The identification
of compact sources, in particular of globular clusters (GC), is
obtained from a combination of photometric (e.g. colors, magnitudes)
and morphometric (e.g. concentration index, elongation, effective
radius) selection criteria, by also taking as reference the properties
of sources with well-defined classification from spectroscopic or
high-resolution imaging data.
Using the FDS catalogs, we present a preliminary analysis of globular
cluster (GC) distributions in the Fornax area. The study confirms and
extends further previous results which were limited to a smaller
survey area. We observe the inter-galactic population of GCs, a
population of mainly blue GCs centered on NGC1399, extends over
∼0.9Mpc, with an ellipticity ∼0.65 and a small tilt in the direction
of NGC1336. Several sub-structures extend over ∼0.5Mpc along various
directions. Two of these structures do not cross any bright galaxy;
one of them appears to be connected to NGC1404, a bright galaxy close
to the cluster core and particularly poor of GCs. Using the gri
catalogs we analyze the GC distribution over the extended FDS area,
and do not find any obvious GC sub-structure bridging the two
brightest cluster galaxies, NGC1316 and NGC1399. Although NGC1316 is
more than twice brighter of NGC1399 in optical bands, using gri data,
we estimate a factor of ∼3-4 richer GC population around NGC1399
compared to NGC1316, out to galactocentric distances of ∼40' or
∼230kpc
Description:
We derive ugri photometry of ∼1.7 million sources over the ∼21 square
degree area of the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) centered on the bright
galaxy NGC1399 (fds.dat). For a wider area, of ∼27 square degrees
extending in the direction of NGC1316, we provide gri photometry for
∼3.1 million sources (fdsex.dat). The identification of compact
sources, globular clusters (GC) and ultra compact dwarf galaxies
(UCD), is obtained from a combination of photometric and morphometric
selection criteria taking as reference the properties of confirmed GCs
and UCDs in the literature. The master tables of GC and UCD are also
provided.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
fds.dat 524 1682503 Sources position, ugri photometry and morphometry
for ∼1.7 million sources in ∼21 sq. degree area
of FDS
fdsex.dat 424 3112605 Sources position, gri photometry and morphometry
for ∼3.1 million sources in ∼27 sq. degree area
of FDSex
mastergc.dat 167 3263 *Reference GCs catalog
masteruc.dat 158 68 *Reference UCDs catalog
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Note on mastergc.dat: with positions, ugri photometry, morphometry of the
collection of GC with well-defined classification from spectroscopic or
high-resolution imaging data.
Note on masteruc.dat: with positions, ugri photometry, morphometry of the
collection of UCDs with well-defined classification from spectroscopic data.
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See also:
J/A+A/608/A142 : FDS with VST. III. LSB galaxies (Venhola+, 2017)
J/A+A/620/A165 : FDS with VST. IV. dwarf galaxies (Venhola+, 2018)
J/A+A/623/A1 : FDS with VST. V. Isophote fit (Iodice+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: fds.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- ID Source identification based on the IAU
naming rules, FDSJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss
25- 33 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000.0)
35- 44 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000.0)
46- 51 F6.3 mag umag u-band PSF corrected magnitude
53- 57 F5.3 mag e_umag Error on u-band PSF corrected magnitude
59- 64 F6.3 mag gmag g-band PSF corrected magnitude
66- 70 F5.3 mag e_gmag Error on g-band PSF corrected magnitude
72- 77 F6.3 mag rmag r-band PSF corrected magnitude
79- 83 F5.3 mag e_rmag Error on r-band PSF corrected magnitude
85- 90 F6.3 mag imag i-band PSF corrected magnitude
92- 96 F5.3 mag e_imag Error on i-band PSF corrected magnitude
98-102 F5.3 --- CS SExtractor CLASS_STAR from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
104-109 F6.3 --- CIn Normalized concentration index from 'a'-stacks
111-116 E6.2 arcsec FR SExtractor Flux radius from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
118-123 F6.2 arcsec FWHM Source FWHM from the multi-band 'a'-stacks
125-131 E7.5 deg Aw SExtractor Profile RMS along major axis
from 'a'-stacks
133-139 E7.5 deg Bw SExtractor Profile RMS along minor axis
from 'a'-stacks
141-145 F5.2 --- Elo Elongation, major-to-minor axis ratio
from 'a'-stacks
147-148 I2 --- Flags Flags, based on SExtractor flags coding rules
150-156 F7.3 --- Sharp DAOphot sharpness parameter
from the 'a'-stacks
158-171 E14.10 --- CSu ?=-99 [0/1] u-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
173-177 F5.3 --- CIun ?=-99 u-band normalized concentration index
179-185 F7.3 --- Sharpu ?=-99 u-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
187-200 E14.10 mag umagex8 ?=-99 u-band aperture magnitude within 8 pixels
202-215 E14.10 mag e_umagex8 ?=-99 Error on u-band aperture magnitude within
8 pixels
217-230 E14.10 mag umagauto ?=-99 SExtractor automated u-band aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO and
232-245 E14.10 mag e_umagauto ?=-99 Error on automated u-band aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
247-260 E14.10 --- CSg [0/1]?=-99 g-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
262-267 F6.3 --- CIgn g-band Normalized concentration index
269-275 F7.3 --- Sharpg g-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
277-290 E14.10 mag gmagex8 ?=-99 g-band Aperture magnitude within 8 pixels
292-305 E14.10 mag e_gmagex8 ?=-99 Error on g-band Aperture magnitude within
8 pixels
307-320 E14.10 mag gmagauto ?=-99 SExtractor g-band automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
322-335 E14.10 mag e_gmagauto ?=-99 Error on g-band automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
337-350 E14.10 --- CSr [0/1]?=-99 r-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
352-357 F6.3 --- CIrn r-band Normalized concentration index
359-365 F7.3 --- Sharpr r-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
367-380 E14.10 mag rmagex8 ?=-99 r-band Aperture magnitude within 8 pixels
382-395 E14.10 mag e_rmagex8 ?=-99 Error on r-band Aperture magnitude within
8 pixels
397-410 E14.10 mag rmagauto ?=-99 SExtractor automated r-band aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
412-425 E14.10 mag e_rmagauto ?=-99 Error on automated aperture r-band
magnitude MAG_AUTO
427-440 E14.10 --- CSi [0/1]?=-99 i-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
442-447 F6.3 --- CIin i-band Normalized concentration index
449-455 F7.3 --- Sharpi i-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
457-470 E14.10 mag imagex8 ?=-99 Aperture i-band magnitude within 8 pixels
472-485 E14.10 mag e_imagex8 ?=-99 Error on Aperture i-band magnitude within
8 pixels
487-500 E14.10 mag imagauto ?=-99 SExtractor automated aperture i-band
magnitude MAG_AUTO
502-515 E14.10 mag e_imagauto ?=-99 Error on automated aperture i-band
magnitude MAG_AUTO
517-521 F5.3 mag E(B-V) Reddening from Schlafly & Finkbeiner
(2011ApJ...737..103S 2011ApJ...737..103S)
523-524 I2 --- Field [1/31] FDS field pointing ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: fdsex.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- ID Source identification based on the IAU
naming rules, FDSJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss
25- 33 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000.0)
35- 44 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000.0)
46- 51 F6.3 mag gmag g-band PSF corrected magnitude
53- 57 F5.3 mag e_gmag Error on g-band PSF corrected magnitude
59- 64 F6.3 mag rmag r-band PSF corrected magnitude
66- 70 F5.3 mag e_rmag Error on r-band PSF corrected magnitude
72- 77 F6.3 mag imag i-band PSF corrected magnitude
79- 83 F5.3 mag e_imag Error on i-band PSF corrected magnitude
85- 89 F5.3 --- CS SExtractor CLASS_STAR from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
91- 98 F8.3 --- CIn Normalized concentration index from 'a'-stacks
100-105 E6.2 arcsec FR SExtractor Flux radius from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
107-112 E6.2 arcsec FWHM Source FWHM from the multi-band 'a'-stacks
114-120 E7.3 deg Aw SExtractor Profile RMS along major axis
from 'a'-stacks
122-128 E7.3 deg Bw SExtractor Profile RMS along minor axis
from 'a'-stacks
130-134 F5.2 --- Elo Elongation, major-to-minor axis ratio
from 'a'-stacks
136-137 I2 --- Flags Flags, based on SExtractor flags coding rules
139-145 F7.3 --- Sharp DAOphot sharpness parameter from
the 'a'-stacks
147-160 E14.10 --- CSg ?=-99 g-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
162-167 F6.3 --- CIgn g-band Normalized concentration index
169-175 F7.3 --- Sharpg g-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
177-190 E14.10 mag gmagex8 ?=-99 g-band Aperture magnitude within 8 pixels
192-205 E14.10 mag e_gmagex8 ?=-99 Error on g-band Aperture magnitude within
8 pixels
207-220 E14.10 mag gmagauto ?=-99 g-band SExtractor automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
222-235 E14.10 mag e_gmagauto ?=-99 g-band Error on automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
237-250 E14.10 --- CSr ?=-99 r-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
252-257 F6.3 --- CIgr r-band Normalized concentration index
259-265 F7.3 --- Sharpr r-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
267-280 E14.10 mag rmagex8 ?=-99 r-band Aperture magnitude within 8 pixels
282-295 E14.10 mag e_rmagex8 ?=-99 Error on r-band Aperture magnitude within
8 pixels
297-310 E14.10 mag rmagauto ?=-99 r-band SExtractor automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
312-325 E14.10 mag e_rmagauto ?=-99 r-band Error on automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
327-340 E14.10 --- CSi ?=-99 i-band SExtractor CLASS_STAR
342-347 F6.3 --- CIin i-band Normalized concentration index
349-355 F7.3 --- Sharpi i-band DAOphot sharpness parameter
357-370 E14.10 mag imagex8 ?=-99 i-band Aperture magnitude within 8 pixels
372-385 E14.10 mag e_imagex8 ?=-99 Error on i-band Aperture magnitude within
8 pixels
387-400 E14.10 mag imagauto ?=-99 i-band SExtractor automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
402-415 E14.10 mag e_imagauto ?=-99 i-band Error on automated aperture
magnitude MAG_AUTO
417-421 F5.3 mag E(B-V) Reddening from Schlafly & Finkbeiner
(2011ApJ...737..103S 2011ApJ...737..103S)
423-424 I2 --- Field [1/31] FDS field pointing ID
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: mastergc.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- ID Source identification based on the IAU
naming rules, FDSJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss
25- 33 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000.0)
35- 44 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000.0)
46- 51 F6.3 mag umag u-band PSF corrected magnitude
53- 57 F5.3 mag e_umag error on u-band PSF corrected magnitude
59- 64 F6.3 mag gmag g-band PSF corrected magnitude
66- 70 F5.3 mag e_gmag error on g-band PSF corrected magnitude
72- 77 F6.3 mag rmag r-band PSF corrected magnitude
79- 83 F5.3 mag e_rmag error on r-band PSF corrected magnitude
85- 90 F6.3 mag imag i-band PSF corrected magnitude
92- 96 F5.3 mag e_imag error on i-band PSF corrected magnitude
98-102 F5.3 --- CS SExtractor CLASS_STAR from the multi-band
'a'-stacks
104-109 F6.3 --- CIn Normalized concentration index from 'a'-stacks
111-117 F7.2 arcsec FR SExtractor Flux radius from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
119-123 F5.2 arcsec FWHM Source FWHM from the multi-band 'a'-stacks
125-128 F4.2 --- Elo Elongation, major-to-minor axis ratio -
from 'a'-stacks
130-135 F6.3 --- Sharp DAOphot sharpness parameter
from the 'a'-stacks
137-141 F5.3 mag E(B-V) Reddening from Schlafly & Finkbeiner
(2011ApJ...737..103S 2011ApJ...737..103S)
143-144 I2 --- Field FDS field pointing ID
146-148 I3 --- FCC [47/335]? Fornax cluster catalog ID of the
host galaxy
150-153 F4.2 --- pGC [0/1]? pGC likelihood from Jordan et al.
(2015ApJS..221...13J 2015ApJS..221...13J, Cat. J/ApJS/221/13)
155-159 F5.3 arcsec rh2 ? Mean g and z GC half light radius
161-163 A3 --- Phot [Yes/No ] GC identified from ACSFCS
imaging data
165-167 A3 --- Spect [Yes/No ] GC identified through
spectroscopic data
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: masteruc.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- ID Source identification based on the IAU
naming rules, FDSJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss
25- 33 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000.0)
35- 44 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000.0)
46- 51 F6.3 mag umag u-band PSF corrected magnitude
53- 57 F5.3 mag e_umag error on u-band PSF corrected magnitude
59- 64 F6.3 mag gmag g-band PSF corrected magnitude
66- 70 F5.3 mag e_gmag error on g-band PSF corrected magnitude
72- 77 F6.3 mag rmag r-band PSF corrected magnitude
79- 83 F5.3 mag e_rmag error on r-band PSF corrected magnitude
85- 90 F6.3 mag imag i-band PSF corrected magnitude
92- 96 F5.3 mag e_imag error on i-band PSF corrected magnitude
98-102 F5.3 --- CS SExtractor CLASS_STAR from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
104-108 F5.3 --- CIn Normalized concentration index from 'a'-stacks
110-113 F4.2 arcsec FR SExtractor Flux radius from the
multi-band 'a'-stacks
115-118 F4.2 arcsec FWHM Source FWHM from the multi-band 'a'-stacks
120-123 F4.2 --- Elo Elongation, major-to-minor axis ratio
from 'a'-stacks
125-130 F6.3 --- Sharp DAOphot sharpness parameter
from the 'a'-stacks
132-136 F5.3 mag E(B-V) Reddening from Schlafly & Finkbeiner
(2011ApJ...737..103S 2011ApJ...737..103S)
138-139 I2 --- Field [6/16] FDS field pointing ID
141-147 F7.2 km/s HV Heliocentric velocity from the literature
149-154 F6.2 km/s e_HV Error on heliocentric velocity
156-158 A3 --- r_HV Reference for the heliocentric velocity (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): References as follows:
K99: Kissler-Patig et al. (1999AJ....117.1206K 1999AJ....117.1206K)
M04: Mieske et al. (2004A&A...418..445M 2004A&A...418..445M, Cat. J/A+A/418/445)
F07: Firth et al. (2007MNRAS.382.1342F 2007MNRAS.382.1342F, Cat. J/MNRAS/382/1342)
B07: Bergond et al. (2007A&A...464L..21B 2007A&A...464L..21B, Cat. J/A+A/464/L21)
M08: Mieske et al. (2008A&A...487..921M 2008A&A...487..921M)
G09: Gregg et al. (2009AJ....137..498G 2009AJ....137..498G, Cat. J/AJ/137/498)
S10: Schuberth et al. (2010A&A...513A..52S 2010A&A...513A..52S, Cat. J/A+A/513/A52)
P18: Pota et al. (2018MNRAS.481.1744P 2018MNRAS.481.1744P)
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Acknowledgements:
Michele Cantiello, michele.cantiello(at)inaf.it
References:
Iodice et al., Paper I 2016ApJ...820...42I 2016ApJ...820...42I
Iodice et al., Paper II 2017ApJ...839...21I 2017ApJ...839...21I
Venhola et al., Paper III 2017A&A...608A.142V 2017A&A...608A.142V, Cat. J/A+A/608/A142
Venhola et al., Paper IV 2018A&A...620A.165V 2018A&A...620A.165V, Cat. J/A+A/620/A165
Iodice et al., Paper V 2019A&A...623A...1I 2019A&A...623A...1I, Cat. J/A+A/623/A1
Venhola et al., Paper VI 2019A&A...625A.143V 2019A&A...625A.143V
Raj et al., Paper VII 2019A&A...628A...4R 2019A&A...628A...4R
Spavone et al., Paper VIII 2019A&A...639A..14S 2019A&A...639A..14S
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 25-May-2020