J/A+A/643/A98 VIsual Binary Exoplanet survey with SPHERE (Hagelberg+, 2020)
VIBES: VIsual Binary Exoplanet survey with SPHERE.
Upper limits on wide S-planet and S-BD frequencies, triple system discovery,
and astrometric confirmation of 20 stellar binaries and three triple systems.
Hagelberg J., Engler N., Fontanive C., Daemgen S., Quanz S.P., Kuehn J.,
Reggiani M., Meyer M., Jayawardhana R., Kostov V.
<Astron. Astrophys. 643, A98 (2020)>
=2020A&A...643A..98H 2020A&A...643A..98H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Positional data ;
Stars, distances ; Stars, masses ; Photometry
Keywords: planets and satellites: detection -
planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability -
binaries: visual - planet-star interactions
Abstract:
Recent surveys indicate that planets in binary systems are more
abunda- nt than previously thought, which is in agreement with
theoretical work on disc dynamics and planet formation in binaries. So
far, most observational surveys, however, have focused on short-period
planets in binaries, thus little is known about the occurrence rates
of planets on longer periods (>10au).
In order to measure the abundance and physical characteristics of
wide-orbit giant exoplanets in binary systems, we have designed the
'VIsual Binary Exoplanet survey with Sphere' (VIBES) to search for
planets in visual binaries. It uses the SPHERE instrument at VLT to
search for planets in 23 visual binary and four visual triple systems
with ages of <145Myr and distances of <150pc.
We used the IRDIS dual-band imager on SPHERE to acquire high-contrast
images of the sample targets. For each binary, the two components were
observed at the same time with a coronagraph masking only the primary
star. For the triple star, the tight components were treated as a
single star for data reduction. This enabled us to effectively search
for companions around 50 individual stars in binaries and four
binaries in triples.
We derived upper limits of <13.7% for the frequency of sub-stellar
companions around primaries in visual binaries, <26.5% for the
fraction of sub-stellar companions around secondaries in visual
binaries, and an occurrence rate of <9.0% for giant planets and brown
dwarfs around either component of visual binaries. We have combined
our observations with literature measurements to astrometrically
confirm, for the first time, that 20 binaries and two triple systems,
which were previously known, are indeed physically bound. Finally, we
discovered a third component of the binary HD 121336.
The upper limits we derived are compatible with planet formation
through the core accretion and the gravitational instability processes
in binaries. These limits are also in line with limits found for
single star and circumbinary planet search surveys.
Description:
Association and moving group memberships probabilities of 27 stellar
multiples calculating using Banyan (Gagne et al. 2018ApJ...856...23G 2018ApJ...856...23G,
Cat. J/ApJ/856/23) and Gaia (Cat. I/345) positions. Mutli-epoch
astrometry of the 27 visual binaries and triples. Positional data
based on literature and SPHERE/IRDIS observations.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 81 27 Association and moving group memberships
probabilities for 27 stellar multiples calculating
using Banyan and Gaia positions (table A1)
table5.dat 119 73 *Mutli-epoch astrometry of the 27 visual binaries
and triples (table A3)
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Note on table5.dat: No data for HD102814.
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See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN Σ algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Name Name
14- 15 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
17- 18 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
25 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
26- 27 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
29- 30 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
32- 35 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
37- 44 A8 --- SpType Spectral type (Gaia)
46- 51 F6.2 pc Dist Gaia distance (Cat. I/347)
53- 57 F5.2 pc E_Dist Gaia distance upper error (Cat. I/347)
59- 63 F5.2 pc e_Dist Gaia distance lower error (Cat. I/347)
65- 71 A7 --- MG Moving group/Association
73- 76 F4.1 --- Prob1 Membership probability (Banyan) for
first Moving group/Association
77 A1 --- --- [/]
78- 81 F4.1 --- Prob2 ? Membership probability (Banyan) for
second Moving group/Association
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Name Name
14- 19 I6 --- HIP ? HIP number
21- 22 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
24- 25 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
27- 30 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
32 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
33- 34 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
36- 37 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
39- 42 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
44- 51 A8 --- SpType Spectral type (Gaia)
53- 58 F6.2 pc Dist Distance (Gaia)
60- 61 A2 --- Pair [AB AC] Pair name in system
63- 66 F4.2 Msun MassI ? Main star mass
68- 71 F4.2 Msun MassII ? Secondary star mass
73- 76 F4.2 mag KmagI ? Main star K magnitude
78- 82 F5.2 mag KmagII ? Secondary star K magnitude
84- 87 F4.2 mag HmagI ? Main star H magnitude
89- 93 F5.2 mag HmagII ? Secondary star H magnitude
95- 98 F4.2 arcsec Sep Separation between stars
100-105 F6.2 deg PA Position angle of stars
107-116 A10 --- Date Observing date
118-119 I2 --- Ref Positional measurement literature reference (1)
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Note (1): References as follows:
1 = this work
2 = Chauvin et al. (2003A&A...404..157C 2003A&A...404..157C )
3 = Daemgen et al. (2015ApJ...799..155D 2015ApJ...799..155D, Cat. J/ApJ/799/155)
4 = Elliott et al. (2015A&A...580A..88E 2015A&A...580A..88E , Cat. J/A+A/580/A88)
5 = Fabricius et al. (2002A&A...384..180F 2002A&A...384..180F, Cat. I/276)
6 = Gaia Collaboration et al. (2018A&A...616A...1G 2018A&A...616A...1G, Cat. I/345)
7 = Hartkopf et al. (1996AJ....111..936H 1996AJ....111..936H, Cat. J/AJ/111/936)
8 = Herschel et al. (1874, Mem. Roy. Astron. Soc., 40, 1)
9 = Janson et al. (2013ApJ...773..170J 2013ApJ...773..170J)
10 = Kouwenhoven et al. (2005A&A...430..137K 2005A&A...430..137K , Cat. J/A+A/430/137)
11 = Kouwenhoven (2006, PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
12 = Kohler & Leinert (1998A&A...331..977K 1998A&A...331..977K)
13 = McAlister et al. (1990AJ.....99..965M 1990AJ.....99..965M)
14 = Tokovinin (1997A&AS..124...75T 1997A&AS..124...75T, Cat. J/A+AS/124/75)
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Acknowledgements:
Janis Hagelberg, janis.hagelberg(at)unige.ch
(End) J. Hagelberg [Uni. Geneva, Switzerland], P. Vannier [CDS] 28-Sep-2020