J/A+A/647/A88 Multi-wavelength variability of Mrk 421 (Arbet-Engels+, 2021)
The relentless variability of Mrk 421 from the TeV to the radio.
Arbet-Engels A., Baack D., Balbo M., Biland A., Blank M., Bretz T.,
Bruegge K., Bulinski M., Buss J., Doerr M., Dorner D., Elsaesser D.,
Hildebrand D., Mannheim K., Mueller S.A., Neise D., Noethe M., Paravac A.,
Rhode W., Schleicher B., Sedlaczek K., Shukla A., Sliusar V., Walter R.,
von Willert E.
<Astron. Astrophys. 647, A88 (2021)>
=2021A&A...647A..88A 2021A&A...647A..88A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: BL Lac objects ; Photometry ; Gamma rays ; X-ray sources
Keywords: astroparticle physics - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal -
BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 421 - radiative transfer
Abstract:
The origin of the gamma-ray emission of the blazar Mrk 421 is still a
matter of debate. We used 5.5 years of unbiased observing campaign
data, obtained using the FACT telescope and the Fermi LAT detector at
TeV and GeV energies, the longest and densest so far, together with
contemporaneous multi-wavelength observations, to characterise the
variability of Mrk 421 and to constrain the underlying physical
mechanisms. We studied and correlated light curves obtained by ten
different instruments and found two significant results. The TeV and
X-ray light curves are very well correlated with a lag of <0.6 days.
The GeV and radio (15GHz band) light curves are widely and strongly
correlated. Variations of the GeV light curve lead those in the radio.
Lepto-hadronic and purely hadronic models in the frame of shock
acceleration predict proton acceleration or cooling timescales that
are ruled out by the short variability timescales and delays observed
in Mrk 421. Instead the observations match the predictions of leptonic
models.
Description:
Multi-wavelength observations of blazar Mrk 421 (radio, optical
V-Band, UV, X-rays, gamma-rays GeV and TeV), 2012 December 14 (56275
MJD) to 2018 April 18 (58226 MJD)
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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11 04 19 +38 11 41 Mrk 421 = 3FGL J1104.4+3812
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
fig1fact.dat 40 580 FACT telescope TeV light-curve data
(Ethreshold∼700GeV)
fig1ferm.dat 50 959 Fermi LAT light-curve data (0.1-300GeV)
fig1bat.dat 54 1706 Swift/BAT X-rays light-curve data (15-50keV)
fig1maxi.dat 35 1181 MAXI X-rays light-curve data (2-20keV)
fig1xrth.dat 47 474 Swift/XRT X-rays light-curve data (2-10 keV)
fig1xrts.dat 48 474 Swift/XRT X-rays light-curve data (0.3-2keV)
fig1uvot.dat 37 753 Optical Swift/UVOT (UVM2) light-curve data
fig1vban.dat 36 379 Optical (V-band) light-curve data
fig1radi.dat 36 321 The OVRO radio telescope 15GHz light-curve data
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See also:
J/A+A/545/A117 : Monitoring of Mrk 421 at 15 and 24 GHz (Lico+, 2012)
J/A+A/559/A75 : 43GHz observation of the blazar Mrk 421 (Blasi+, 2013)
J/A+A/576/A126 : The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk421 (Aleksic+, 2015)
J/A+A/578/A22 : Mrk421 in March 2010 (Aleksic+, 2015)
J/ApJS/222/6 : 4.5yr obs. of Mrk421 with ARGO-YBJ + Fermi (Bartoli+, 2016)
J/A+A/576/A126 : The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk421 (Aleksic+, 2015)
J/A+A/593/A91 : Mrk 421 multi-wavelength variability, 2007-2009 (Ahnen+, 2016)
J/ApJ/831/102 : Swift and NuSTAR obs. of the BL Lac Mrk 421 (Kapanadze+, 2016)
J/ApJS/232/7 : Mrk 421 8yr R-band photopolarimetric data (Fraija+, 2017)
J/ApJ/848/103 : ∼1.5yr Swift observations of Mrk 421 (Kapanadze+, 2017)
J/ApJ/854/66 : Swift observations of Mrk 421. I. 2005-2008 (Kapanadze+, 2018)
J/ApJ/858/68 : Swift observations of Mrk 421. II. (Kapanadze+, 2018)
J/ApJS/247/27 : Swift observations of Mrk 421. III. (Kapanadze+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1fact.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 25 F5.3 h ExpTime Exposure time
28- 33 F6.3 10-11ph/cm2/s Flux Flux, E>700GeV, FACT
36- 40 F5.3 10-11ph/cm2/s e_Flux Flux error, E>700GeV, FACT
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1ferm.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 17 F8.2 d MJD Modified Julian date
20- 28 E9.3 ph/cm2/s Flux Flux, 0.1-300GeV, Fermi LAT
31- 39 E9.3 ph/cm2/s e_Flux Flux error, 0.1-300GeV, Fermi LAT
42- 50 E9.3 ph/cm2/s ULFlux ? Flux upper limit, 95% confidence level,
0.1-300GeV, Fermi LAT
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1bat.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 27 F7.4 h ExpTime Exposure time
30- 41 E12.5 10-3ph/s/pix Flux Flux, 15-50keV, Swift/BAT
44- 54 E11.5 10-3ph/s/pix e_Flux Flux error, 15-50keV, Swift/BAT
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1maxi.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 16 F7.1 d MJD Modified Julian date
19- 26 F8.5 ph/cm2/s Flux Flux, 2-20keV, MAXI
29- 35 F7.5 ph/cm2/s e_Flux Flux error, 2-20keV, MAXI
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1xrth.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 28 F8.5 h ExpTime Exposure time
31- 38 F8.5 ph/s Flux Flux, 2-10keV, Swift/XRT
41- 47 F7.5 ph/s e_Flux Flux error, 2-10keV, Swift/XRT
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1xrts.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 28 F8.5 h ExpTime Exposure time
31- 39 F9.5 ph/s Flux Flux, 0.3-2keV, Swift/XRT
42- 48 F7.5 ph/s e_Flux Flux error, 0.3-2keV, Swift/XRT
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1uvot.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 28 F8.5 mJy Flux Flux, UVM2, Swift/UVOT
31- 37 F7.5 mJy e_Flux Flux error, UVM2, Swift/UVOT
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1vban.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 27 F7.5 Jy Flux Flux, V-band, Kuiper & Bok telescopes
30- 36 F7.5 Jy e_Flux Flux error, V-band, Kuiper & Bok telescopes
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1radi.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Target name
10- 18 F9.3 d MJD Modified Julian date
21- 27 F7.5 Jy Flux Flux, 15GHz, OVRO radio telescope
30- 36 F7.5 Jy e_Flux Flux error, 15GHz, OVRO radio telescope
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Acknowledgements:
Vitalii Sliusar, vitalii.sliusar(at)unige.ch
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 04-Feb-2021