J/A+A/656/A49  Decoding the morphological evolution of open clusters (Hu+, 2021)

Decoding the morphological evolution of open clusters. Hu Q., Zhang Y., Esamdin A. <Astron. Astrophys. 656, A49 (2021)> =2021A&A...656A..49H 2021A&A...656A..49H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Morphology Keywords: Galaxy: stellar content - methods: statistical - open clusters and associations: general Abstract: The properties of open clusters such as metallicity, age, and morphology are useful tools in studies of the dynamic evolution of open clusters. The morphology of open clusters can help us better understand the evolution of such structures. We aim to analyze the morphological evolution of 1256 open clusters by combining the shapes of the sample clusters in the proper motion space with their morphology in the two-dimensional spherical Galactic coordinate system, providing their shape parameters based on a member catalog derived from Gaia Second Data Release as well as data from the literature. We applied a combination of a nonparametric bivariate density estimation with the least square ellipse fitting to derive the shape parameters of the sample clusters. We derived the shape parameters of the sample clusters in the two-dimensional spherical Galactic coordinate system and that of the proper motion space. By analyzing the dislocation of the sample clusters, we find that the dislocation, d; is related to the X-axis pointing toward the Galactic center, Y-axis pointing in the direction of Galactic rotation, and the Z-axis (log(|H|/pc)) that is positive toward the Galactic north pole. This finding underlines the important role of the dislocation of clusters in tracking the external environment of the Milky Way. The orientation (qpm) of the clusters, with epm≥0.4, presents an aggregate distribution in the range of -45° to 45°, comprising about 74% of them. This probably suggests that these clusters tend to deform heavily in the direction of the Galactic plane. NGC 752 is in a slight stage of expansion in the two-dimensional space and will become deformed, in terms of its morphology, along the direction perpendicular to the original stretching direction in the future if no other events occur. The relative degree of deformation of the sample clusters in the short-axis direction decreases as their ages increase. On average, the severely distorted sample clusters in each group account for about 26%∼9%. This possibly implies a uniform external environment in the range of |H|≤300pc if the sample completeness of each group is not taken into account. Description: Parameters of 1256 open clusters in this study. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table1.dat 143 1256 The parameters of 1256 open clusters -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/A+A/640/A1 : Portrait Galactic disc (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2020) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 18 A18 --- Cluster Cluster name 20- 25 F6.4 --- ecore Ellipticity of the core 27- 32 F6.4 --- e_ecore Error corresponding to ellipticity of the core 34- 41 F8.4 deg qcore Orientation of the core 43- 48 F6.4 --- eall Ellipticity of the overall 50- 55 F6.4 --- e_eall Error corresponding to ellipticity of the overall 57- 64 F8.4 deg qall Orientation of the overall 66- 71 F6.4 deg acore Half-length axes of the core 73- 78 F6.4 deg e_acore Error corresponding to half-length axes of the core 80- 85 F6.4 deg ccore Half-short axes of the core 87- 92 F6.4 deg e_ccore Error corresponding to half-short axes of the core 94- 99 F6.4 deg aall Half-length axes of the overall 101-106 F6.4 deg e_aall Error corresponding to half-length axes of the overall 108-113 F6.4 deg call Half-short axes of the overall 115-120 F6.4 deg e_call Error corresponding to half-short axes of the overall 122-127 F6.4 --- epm Ellipticity in proper motion 129-134 F6.4 --- e_epm Error of ellipticity in proper motion 136-143 F8.4 deg qpm Orientation in proper motion -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Qingshun Hu, huqingshun(at)xao.ac.cn
(End) Qingshun Hu [Urumqi, Xinjiang, China], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 29-Oct-2021
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