J/A+A/658/A22 Kinematic properties of white dwarfs (Raddi+, 2022)
Kinematic properties of white dwarfs.
Galactic orbital parameters and age-velocity dispersion relation.
Raddi R., Torres S., Rebassa-Mansergas A., Maldonado J., Camisassa M. E.,
Koester D., Gentile Fusillo N. P., Tremblay P.-E., Dimpel M., Heber U.,
Cunningham T., Ren J.-J.
<Astron. Astrophys. 658, A22 (2022)>
=2022A&A...658A..22R 2022A&A...658A..22R (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Stars, white dwarf ; Proper motions ;
Radial velocities ; Photometry ; Abundances ; Stars, distances ;
Stars, masses ; Stars, ages ; Optical
Keywords: white dwarfs - binaries: general - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics
Abstract:
Kinematic and chemical tagging of stellar populations have both
revealed much information on the past and recent history of the Milky
Way, including its formation history, merger events, and mixing of
populations across the Galactic disk and halo. We present the first
detailed 3D kinematic analysis of a sample of 3133 white dwarfs that
used Gaia astrometry plus radial velocities, which were measured
either by Gaia or by ground-based spectroscopic observations. The
sample includes either isolated white dwarfs that have direct radial
velocity measurements, or white dwarfs that belong to common proper
motion pairs that contain nondegenerate companions with available
radial velocities. A subset of common proper motion pairs also have
metal abundances that have been measured by large-scale spectroscopic
surveys or by our own follow-up observations. We used the white dwarfs
as astrophysical clocks by determining their masses and total ages
through interpolation with dedicated evolutionary models. We also used
the nondegenerate companions in common proper motions to chemically
tag the population. Combining accurate radial velocities with Gaia
astrometry and proper motions, we derived the velocity components of
our sample in the Galactic rest frame and their Galactic orbital
parameters. The sample is mostly located within ∼300 pc from the Sun.
It predominantly contains (90-95%) thin-disk stars with almost
circular Galactic orbits, while the remaining 5-10% of stars have more
eccentric trajectories and belong to the thick disk. We identified
seven isolated white dwarfs and two common proper motion pairs as halo
members. We determined the age - velocity dispersion relation for the
thin-disk members, which agrees with previous results that were
achieved from different white dwarf samples without published radial
velocities. The age - velocity dispersion relation shows signatures of
dynamical heating and saturation after 4-6 Gyr. We observed a mild
anticorrelation between [Fe/H] and the radial component of the average
velocity dispersion, showing that dynamical mixing of populations
takes place in the Galactic disk, as was detected through the analysis
of other samples of FGK stars. We have shown that a white dwarf sample
with accurate 3D kinematics and well-measured chemical compositions
enables a wider understanding of their population in the solar
neighborhood and its connection with the Galactic chemodynamics. The
legacy of existing spectroscopic surveys will be boosted by the
availability of upcoming larger samples of white dwarfs and common
proper motion pairs with more uniform high-quality data.
Description:
The catalog includes isolated white dwarfs and common proper motion
pairs, which contain a white dwarf and a nondegenerate companion. The
listed data include Gaia EDR3 photometry, geometric distances, white
dwarf radial velocities, abundances and radial velocities of the
nondegenerate stars. We estimated the white dwarf physical parameters
(effective temperature, surface gravity, mass, radius, cooling age,
progenitor mass, and progenitor age) and their Galatic orbital
parameters.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 89 3151 Catalog of isolated white dwarfs and common
proper motion pairs
table4.dat 58 1108 Radial velocities and abundances of companions
in common proper motion pairs; updated version
table5.dat 206 3128 *Physical parameters of white dwarfs, inferred
from H-rich evolutionary models
table6.dat 188 869 *Physical parameters of white dwarfs,
inferred from He-rich evolutionary models
table7.dat 177 3175 *Galactic orbital parameters of white dwarfs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on table5.dat, table6.dat: The evolutionary models were presented in:
Althaus et al. (2013A&A...557A..19A 2013A&A...557A..19A, Cat. J/A+A/557/A19),
Camisassa et al. (2016ApJ...823..158C 2016ApJ...823..158C), Camisassa et al. (2017ApJ...839...11C 2017ApJ...839...11C)
and Camisassa et al. (2019A&A...625A..87C 2019A&A...625A..87C, Cat. J/A+A/625/A87).
Note on table7.dat: The orbital parameters of white dwarfs are computed using
the galpy library for galactic dynamics (Bovy, 2015ApJS..216...29B 2015ApJS..216...29B)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- System [1/3151] Star system identifier
6- 24 I19 --- SourceID1 Gaia EDR3 source ID of white dwarf
26- 30 F5.2 mag Gmag1 Gaia EDR3 G magnitude of white dwarf
32- 36 F5.2 mag BPmag1 Gaia EDR3 BP magnitude of white dwarf
38- 42 F5.2 mag RPmag1 Gaia EDR3 RP magnitude of white dwarf
44- 47 I4 pc Dist1 Geometric distance of white dwarf (1)
49- 67 I19 --- SourceID2 ? Gaia EDR3 source ID of companion
69- 73 F5.2 mag Gmag2 ? G magnitude of wide companion
75- 79 F5.2 mag BPmag2 ? Gaia EDR3 BP magnitude of wide companion
81- 85 F5.2 mag RPmag2 ? Gaia EDR3 RP magnitude of wide companion
87- 89 I3 pc Dist2 ? Geometric distance of wide companion (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Obtained from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021AJ....161..147B 2021AJ....161..147B, Cat. I/352).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- System [11/3148] Star system identifier
6- 12 A7 --- Survey Spectroscopic survey (1)
14- 18 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] ? [Fe/H] of nondegenerate companion
20- 23 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] ? Error on [Fe/H]
25- 29 F5.2 [-] [alpha/Fe] ? [alpha/Fe] of nondegenerate companion
31- 34 F4.2 [-] e_[alpha/Fe] ? Error on [alpha/Fe]
36- 41 F6.1 km/s RV1 ? Radial velocity measured by survey
43- 46 F4.1 km/s e_RV1 ? Error on RV1
48- 53 F6.1 km/s RV2 ? Gaia DR2 radial velocity
55- 58 F4.1 km/s e_RV2 ? Error on RV2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The spectroscopic surveys from which the parameters were obtained are:
RAVE (Kunder et al. 2017AJ....153...75K 2017AJ....153...75K)
LAMOST (Luo et al. 2019yCat.5164....0L 2019yCat.5164....0L; Xiang et al. 2019ApJS..245...34X 2019ApJS..245...34X )
APOGEE (Jonsson et al. 2020AJ....160..120J 2020AJ....160..120J )
GALAH+ (Buder et al. 2021MNRAS.506..150B 2021MNRAS.506..150B)
RM+2000 (Rebassa-Mansergas et al. 2021MNRAS.505.3165R 2021MNRAS.505.3165R)
CPMP (Gaia Collaboration et al. 2018A&A...616A...1G 2018A&A...616A...1G)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- System [1/3151] Star system identifier
6- 10 F5.3 [K] logTeff White dwarf effective temperature
12- 16 F5.3 [K] e_logTeff Error on logTeff
18- 21 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg White dwarf surface gravity
23- 26 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_logg ? Error on logg
28- 31 F4.2 Msun Mass White dwarf mass
33- 36 F4.2 Msun e_Mass ? Error on Mass
38- 42 F5.3 Rsun Radius White dwarf radius
44- 48 F5.3 Gyr taucool White dwarf cooling age
50- 55 F6.3 Gyr E_taucool Upper error on tau_cool
57- 62 F6.3 Gyr e_taucool [] Lower error on tau_cool
64 A1 --- l_MprogC08 ? Progenitor mass upper limit flag (1)
66- 69 F4.2 Msun MprogC08 ? Progenitor mass (2)
71- 75 F5.2 Msun E_MprogC08 ? Upper error on MprogC08
77- 81 F5.2 Msun e_MprogC08 []? Lower error on MprogC08
83 A1 --- l_tauprogC08 ? Lower limit flag on progenitor age (1)
85- 90 F6.3 Gyr tauprogC08 ? Progenitor age (2)
92- 98 F7.3 Gyr E_tauprogC08 ? Upper error on progenitor age
100-105 F6.3 Gyr e_tauprogC08 []? Lower error on progenitor age
107 A1 --- l_MprogC18 ? Progenitor mass upper limit flag
109-112 F4.2 Msun MprogC18 ? Progenitor mass (3)
114-118 F5.2 Msun E_MprogC18 ? Upper error on MprogC08
120-124 F5.2 Msun e_MprogC18 []? Lower error on MprogC08
126 A1 --- l_tauprogC18 ? Lower limit on progenitor age
128-133 F6.3 Gyr tauprogC18 ? Progenitor age (3)
135-141 F7.3 Gyr E_tauprogC18 ? Upper error on progenitor age
143-148 F6.3 Gyr e_tauprogC18 []? Lower error on progenitor age
150-173 A24 --- Name White dwarf other name
175-179 A5 --- SpType Spectral type (5)
181-187 F7.2 km/s RV ? White dwarf radial velocity (4)
189-193 F5.2 km/s e_RV ? Error on RV
195-206 A12 --- Sample Sample of appartenence (6)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): "<" or ">" whether the quantity is an upper or lower limit.
Note (2): Progenitor masses inferred from the initial-to-final-mass relation by
Catalan et al. (2008MNRAS.387.1693C 2008MNRAS.387.1693C). Progenitor ages are derived from the
BaSTI isochrones (Hidalgo et al., 2018ApJ...856..125H 2018ApJ...856..125H;
Pietrinferni et al., 2021ApJ...908..102P 2021ApJ...908..102P).
Note (3): Progenitor masses inferred from the initial-to-final-mass relation by
Cummings et al. (2018ApJ...866...21C 2018ApJ...866...21C). Progenitor ages are derived from the
BaSTI isochrones (Hidalgo et al. 2018ApJ...856..125H 2018ApJ...856..125H;
Pietrinferni et al., 2021ApJ...908..102P 2021ApJ...908..102P).
Note (4): White dwarf radial velocities are corrected for the effect of the
gravitational redshift. The SDSS (Anguiano et al., 2017MNRAS.469.2102A 2017MNRAS.469.2102A,
Cat. J/MNRAS/469/2102) sample is also corrected for a systematic offset with
respect to the SPY (Napiwotzki et al., 2020A&A...638A.131N 2020A&A...638A.131N,
Cat. J/A+A/638/A131) sample.
Note (5): White dwarf spectral type as listed in the Montreal White Dwarf
Database (Dufour et al., 2017ASPC..509....3D 2017ASPC..509....3D).
Note (6): The appartenence of white dwarfs to spectroscopic samples or to common
proper motion pairs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- System [11/3148] Star system identifier
6- 10 F5.3 [K] logTeff White dwarf effective temperature
12- 16 F5.3 [K] e_logTeff Error on log_teff
18- 21 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg White dwarf surface gravity
23- 26 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_logg ? Error on logg
28- 31 F4.2 Msun Mass White dwarf mass
33- 36 F4.2 Msun e_Mass ? Error on Mass
38- 42 F5.3 Rsun Radius White dwarf radius
44- 48 F5.3 Gyr taucool White dwarf cooling age
50- 55 F6.3 Gyr E_taucool Upper error on taucool
57- 62 F6.3 Gyr e_taucool [] Lower error on taucool
64 A1 --- l_MprogC08 Progenitor mass upper limit flag (1)
66- 69 F4.2 Msun MprogC08 ? Progenitor mass (2)
71- 75 F5.2 Msun E_MprogC08 ? Upper error on MprogC08
77- 81 F5.2 Msun e_MprogC08 []? Lower error on MprogC08
83 A1 --- l_tauprogC08 Lower limit flag on progenitor age (1)
85- 90 F6.3 Gyr tauprogC08 ? Progenitor age (2)
92- 98 F7.3 Gyr E_tauprogC08 ? Upper error on progenitor age
100-105 F6.3 Gyr e_tauprogC08 []? Lower error on progenitor age
107 A1 --- l_MprogC18 Progenitor mass upper limit flag (1)
109-112 F4.2 Msun MprogC18 ? Progenitor mass (3)
114-118 F5.2 Msun E_MprogC18 ? Upper error on MprogC08
120-124 F5.2 Msun e_MprogC18 []? Lower error on MprogC08
126 A1 --- l_tauprogC18 Lower limit flag on progenitor age (1)
128-133 F6.3 Gyr tauprogC18 ? Progenitor age (3)
135-141 F7.3 Gyr E_tauprogC18 ? Upper error on progenitor age
143-149 F7.3 Gyr e_tauprogC18 []? Lower error on progenitor age
151-174 A24 --- Name White dwarf other name
176-180 A5 --- SpType Spectral type (4)
182-188 A7 --- Sample Sample of appartenence (5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): "<" or ">" whether the quantity is an upper or lower limit.
Note (2): Progenitor masses inferred from the initial-to-final-mass relation by
Catalan et al. (2008MNRAS.387.1693C 2008MNRAS.387.1693C). Progenitor ages are derived from the
BaSTI isochrones (Hidalgo et al., 2018ApJ...856..125H 2018ApJ...856..125H;
Pietrinferni et al., 2021ApJ...908..102P 2021ApJ...908..102P).
Note (3): Progenitor masses inferred from the initial-to-final-mass relation by
Cummings et al. (2018ApJ...866...21C 2018ApJ...866...21C). Progenitor ages are derived from the
BaSTI isochrones (Hidalgo et al., 2018ApJ...856..125H 2018ApJ...856..125H;
Pietrinferni et al., 2021ApJ...908..102P 2021ApJ...908..102P).
Note (4): White dwarf spectral type as listed in the Montreal White Dwarf
Database (Dufour et al., 2017ASPC..509....3D 2017ASPC..509....3D).
Note (5): The appartenence of white dwarfs to spectroscopic samples or to common
proper motion pairs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- System [1/3151] Star system identifier
6- 12 A7 --- Sample Sample of appartenence (1)
14- 19 F6.3 kpc X Galactocentric Cartesian X coordinate
21- 26 F6.3 kpc Y Galactocentric Cartesian Y coordinate
28- 33 F6.3 kpc Z Galactocentric Cartesian Z coordinate
35- 41 F7.2 km/s U Galactic Cartesian velocity component
43- 47 F5.2 km/s e_U Error on U
49- 55 F7.2 km/s V Galactic Cartesian velocity component
57- 61 F5.2 km/s e_V Error on V
63- 69 F7.2 km/s W Galactic Cartesian velocity component
71- 75 F5.2 km/s e_W Error on W
77- 81 F5.3 --- ecc Galactic orbital eccentricity
83- 88 F6.3 --- E_ecc Upper error on ecc
90- 95 F6.3 --- e_ecc [] Lower error on ecc
97-102 F6.1 kpc.km/s Lz Z component of the angular momentum of the
Galactic orbit
104-109 F6.1 kpc.km/s E_Lz Upper error on Lz
111-116 F6.1 kpc.km/s e_Lz [] Lower error on Lz
118-122 F5.3 kpc Rperi Pericenter of Galactic orbit
124-129 F6.3 kpc E_Rperi Upper error on Rperi
131-136 F6.3 kpc e_Rperi [] Lower error on Rperi
138-143 F6.3 kpc Rapo Apocenter of Galactic orbit
145-150 F6.3 kpc E_Rapo Upper error on Rapo
152-157 F6.3 kpc e_Rapo [] Lower error on Rapo
159-163 F5.3 kpc Zmax Maximum Z coordinate of Galactic orbit
165-170 F6.3 kpc E_Zmax Upper error on Zmax
172-177 F6.3 kpc e_Zmax [] Lower error on Zmax
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The spectroscopic sample where the radial velocities are taken from.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Roberto Raddi, roberto.raddi(at)upc.edu
History:
* 27-Jan-2022: Insert into VizieR
* 29-Jul-2022: Some [Fe/H] values corrected in Table 4;
table sent by the author.
(End) Roberto Raddi [UPC, Spain], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 19-Nov-2021