J/A+A/668/A31 A CHEOPS-enhanced view of the HD3167 system (Bourrier+, 2022)
A CHEOPS-enhanced view of the HD3167 system.
Bourrier V., Deline A., Krenn A., Egger J.A., Petit A.C., Malavolta L.,
Cretignier M., Billot N., Broeg C., Floren H.-G., Queloz D., Alibert Y.,
Bonfanti A., Bonomo A.S., Delisle J.-B., Demangeon O.D.S., Demory B.-O.,
Dumusque X., Ehrenreich D., Haywood R.D., Howell S.B., Lendl M.,
Mortier A., Nigro G., Salmon S., Sousa S.G., Wilson T.G., Adibekyan V.,
Alonso R., Anglada G., Barczy T., Barrado y Navascues D., Barros S.C.C.,
Baumjohann W., Beck M., Benz W., Biondi F., Bonfils X., Brandeker A.,
Cabrera J., Charnoz S., Csizmadia Sz., Collier Cameron A., Damasso M.,
Davies M.B., Deleuil M., Delrez L., Di Fabrizio L., Erikson A., Fortier A.,
Fossati L., Fridlund M., Gandolfi D., Gillon M., Guedel M., Heng K.,
Hoyer S., Isaak K.G., Kiss L.L., Laskar J., Lecavelier des Etangs A.,
Lorenzi V., Lovis C., Magrin D., Massa A., Maxted P.F.L., Nascimbeni V.,
Olofsson G., Ottensamer R., Pagano I., Palle E., Peter G., Piotto G.,
Pollacco D., Ragazzoni R., Rando N., Rauer H., Ribas I., Santos N.C.,
Scandariato G., Segransan D., Simon A.E., Smith A.M.S., Steller M.,
Szabo Gy.M., Thomas N., Udry S., Van Grootel V., Verrecchia F., Walton N.,
Beck T., Buder M., Ratti F., Ulmer B., Viotto V.
<Astron. Astrophys. 668, A31 (2022)>
=2022A&A...668A..31B 2022A&A...668A..31B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Stars, K-type ; Exoplanets ;
Photometry ; Optical ; Radial velocities ; Space observations
Keywords: planets and satellites: individual: HD 3167 -
planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability -
planets and satellites: physical evolution - techniques: photometric -
techniques: radial velocities - planet-star interactions
Abstract:
Much remains to be understood about the nature of exoplanets smaller
than Neptune, most of which have been discovered in compact
multi-planet systems. With its inner ultra-short period planet b
aligned with the star and two larger outer planets d/c on polar
orbits, the multi-planet system HD 3167 features a peculiar
architecture and offers the possibility to investigate both dynamical
and atmospheric evolution processes. To this purpose we combined
multiple datasets of transit photometry and radial velocimetry to
revise the properties of the system and inform models of its planets.
This effort was spearheaded by CHEOPS observations of HD 3167b, which
appear inconsistent with a purely rocky composition despite its
extreme irradiation. Overall the precision on the planetary orbital
periods are improved by an order of magnitude, and the uncertainties
on the densities of the transiting planets b and c are decreased by a
factor of 3. Internal structure and atmospheric simulations draw a
contrasting picture between HD 3167d, likely a rocky super-Earth that
lost its atmosphere through photo-evaporation, and HD 3167c, a
mini-Neptune that kept a substantial primordial gaseous envelope. We
detect a fourth, more massive planet on a larger orbit, likely
coplanar with HD 3167d/c. Dynamical simulations indeed show that the
outer planetary system d/c/e was tilted as a whole early in the system
history, when HD 3167b was still dominated by the star influence and
maintained its aligned orbit. RV data and direct imaging rule out that
the companion that could be responsible for the present-day
architecture is still bound to the HD 3167 system. Similar global
studies of multi-planet systems will tell how many share the peculiar
properties of the HD3167 system, which remains a target of choice for
follow-up observations and simulations.
Description:
Photometric and velocimetric data of the HD 3167 planetary system. The
raw (only for CHEOPS), normalised, residual and "planet-only"
photometric light curves are reported for the space-based instruments
CHEOPS, K2, Spitzer/IRAC/Ch2 and HST/STIS/G141. The radial-velocity
data points are provided for several instruments (HARPS, APF/Levy,
Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N) with their respective activity indicators when
available.
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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00 34 57.52 +04 22 53.28 HD 3167 = K2-96
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
chps_lc.dat 225 3250 *CHEOPS photometry
k2_lc.dat 175 3425 *K2 photometry
hst_lc.dat 175 590 *HST/WFC3/G141 photometry
sptzr_lc.dat 175 3768 SPITZER/IRAC/Ch2 photometry
rv_data.dat 296 323 Radial velocity data
(HARPS, APF/Levy, Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N points)
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Note on chps_lc.dat: extracted by the CHEOPS data reduction pipeline
(Hoyer et al., 2020A&A...635A..24H 2020A&A...635A..24H) using a circular aperture with
a 25-pixel radius.
Note on k2_lc.dat: Extracted with K2SFF (Vanderburg & Johnson,
2014PASP..126..948V 2014PASP..126..948V).
Note on hst_lc.dat: Broadband photometry from Mikal-Evans et al.
(2021AJ....161...18M 2021AJ....161...18M).
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See also:
J/ApJ/829/L9 : K2 LC of HD 3167 and Robo-AO image (Vanderburg+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/122 : HD 3167 system radial velocities (Christiansen+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/123 : HD 3167 system radial velocity follow-up (Gandolfi+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: chps_lc.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 24 E24.18 d BJD Barycentric Julian date (TDB)
26- 49 E24.18 e- rawFlux Raw flux (in electrons)
51- 74 E24.18 e- e_rawFlux Raw flux errors (in electrons)
76- 99 E24.18 --- NFlux Normalised flux
101-124 E24.18 --- e_NFlux Normalised flux error
126-150 E25.18 --- Res Normalised residuals
152-175 E24.18 --- e_Res Normalised residual error
177-200 E24.18 --- detrendedLC Planet-related signal
202-225 E24.18 --- e_detrendedLC Planet-related signal error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: k2_lc.dat hst_lc.dat sptzr_lc.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 24 E24.18 d BJD Barycentric Julian date (TDB)
26- 49 E24.18 e- rawFlux Raw flux (in electrons)
51- 74 E24.18 e- e_rawFlux Raw flux errors (in electrons)
76-100 E25.18 --- Res Normalised residuals
102-125 E24.18 --- e_Res Normalised residual error
127-150 E24.18 --- detrendedLC Planet-related signal
152-175 E24.18 --- e_detrendedLC Planet-related signal error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: rv_data.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Inst Name of the instrument (1)
9- 26 F18.10 d BJD Barycentric Julian date (TDB)
28- 42 F15.9 m/s RV Radial velocity (relative velocities for
APF and HIRES data)
44- 61 F18.16 m/s e_RV Radial velocity error
63- 85 F23.19 m/s deltaRV RV variations
86-108 F23.19 m/s ResRV RV residuals
110-127 F18.16 m/s e_ResRV RV residual error
129-147 F19.15 m/s BISspan ? Bisector velocity span
149-156 F8.6 m/s e_BISspan ? BIS span error
158-173 F16.11 m/s FWHM ? Full-Width at Half-Maximum
175-182 F8.6 m/s e_FWHM ? FWHM error
184-192 F9.6 --- Contrast ? Contrast
194-201 F8.6 --- e_Contrast ? Contrast error
203-211 F9.6 --- SMW ? S-index
213-220 F8.6 --- e_SMW ? S-index error
222-229 F8.6 [-] Ha ? H-alpha index
232-240 E9.1 [-] e_Ha ? H-alpha error
241-248 F8.6 [-] Na ? Sodium index
251-258 E8.1 [-] e_Na ? Sodium error
260-268 F9.6 [-] Ca ? Calcium index
270-277 F8.6 [-] e_Ca ? Calcium error
285-290 F6.3 [-] logRHK ? log RHK index
292-296 F5.3 [-] e_logRHK ? log RHK error
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Note (1): Instruments are APF, HARPS, HIRES and HARPS-N.
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Acknowledgements:
Adrien Deline, adrien.deline(at)unige.ch
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 22-Aug-2022