J/A+A/669/A145 A search for accreting young companions (Cugno+, 2023)
ISPY: NACO Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars.
The demographics of forming planets embedded in protoplanetary disks.
Cugno G., Pearce T.D., Launhardt R., Bonse M.J., Ma J., Henning T.,
Quirrenbach A., Segransan D., Matthews E.C., Quanz S.P., Kennedy G.M.,
Muller A., Reffert S., Rickman E.L.
<Astron. Astrophys. 669, A145 (2023)>
=2023A&A...669A.145C 2023A&A...669A.145C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; YSOs ; Photometry ; Optical
Keywords: planets and satellites: detection -
planets and satellites: formation - protoplanetary disks
Abstract:
We present the statistical analysis of a subsample of 45 young stars
surrounded by protoplanetary disks (PPD). This is the largest imaging
survey uniquely focused on PPDs to date. Our goal is to search for
young forming companions embedded in the disk material and to
constrain their occurrence rate in relation to the formation
mechanism. We used Principal Component Analysis based Point Spread
Function subtraction techniques to reveal young companions forming in
the disks. We calculated detection limits for our datasets and adopted
a black-body model to derive temperature upper limits of potential
forming planets. We then used Monte Carlo simulations to constrain the
population of forming gas giant companions and compare our results to
different types of formation scenarios. Our data revealed a new binary
system (HD38120) and a recently identified triple system with a brown
dwarf companion orbiting a binary system (HD101412), in addition to 12
known companions. Furthermore, we detected signals from 17 disks, two
of which (HD72106 and TCrA) were imaged for the first time. We reached
median detection limits of L=15.4mag at 2.0", which were used to
investigate the temperature of potentially embedded forming
companions. We constrained the occurrence of forming planets with
semi-major axis a in [20-500] au and Teff in [600-3000], in
line with the statistical results obtained for more evolved systems
from other direct imaging surveys. These values are obtained under the
assumption that extinction from circumstellar and circumplanetary
material does not affect the companion signal, but we show the
potential impact these factors might have on the detectability of
forming objects.
Description:
Fits images presented in the paper (Figures A1, A2, A3) and contrast
curves for each target reported in Figure 5 in the paper. For each
object, a cube based on the different number of principal components
of the PSF is made available. For the observations, we used VLT/NaCo
in L' imaging mode, while for the analysis we used PynPoint package.
Contrast curves report the separation in arcseconds In Column 1, the
contrast in Column 2 and the uncertainty on the contrast in Column 3
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
sources.dat 78 45 List of studied sources
cc/* . 45 Individual contrast curves
fits/* . 45 Individual fist images of residuals in L'
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: sources.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 26 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
28- 29 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
31- 35 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
37 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
38- 39 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
41- 42 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
44- 47 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
49- 62 A14 --- FileName1 Name of the file with contrast curve
in subdirectory cc
64- 78 A15 --- FileName2 Name of the fits datacube with residuals in L'
in subdirectory fits
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: cc/*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 F18.14 arcsec Sep Separation
20- 42 E23.18 --- Contrast Contrast
45- 68 E24.19 --- e_Contrast rms uncertainty on the contrast
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Acknowledgements:
Gabriele Cugno, gcugno(at)umich.edu
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Dec-2022