J/A+A/671/A146 MACS J0416.1-2403 using VST and VISTA (Estrada+, 2023)
VST-GAME: Galaxy Assembly as a function of Mass and Environment with VST.
Photometric assessment and density field of MACSJ0416.
Estrada N., Mercurio A., Vulcani B., Rodighiero G., Nonino M.,
Annunziatella M., Rosati P., Grillo C., Caminha G.B., Angora G., Biviano A.,
Brescia M., De Lucia G., Demarco R., Girardi M., Gobat R., Lemaux B.C.
<Astron. Astrophys. 671, A146 (2023)>
=2023A&A...671A.146E 2023A&A...671A.146E (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxy catalogs ; Galaxies, photometry ; Photometry, SDSS ;
Photometry, infrared ; Redshifts
Keywords: galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: photometry -
methods: data analysis - methods: observational - catalogues -
virtual observatory tools
Abstract:
Observational studies have widely demonstrated that galaxy physical
properties are strongly affected by the surrounding environment. On
one side, gas inflows provide galaxies with new fuel for star
formation. On the other side, the high temperatures and densities of
the medium are expected to induce quenching in the star formation.
Observations of large structures, in particular filaments at the
cluster outskirts (r>2r200), are currently limited to the low
redshift Universe. Deep and wide photometric data, better if combined
with spectroscopic redshifts, are required to explore several
scenarios on galaxy evolution at intermediate redshift.
We present a multi-band dataset for the cluster MACS J0416.1-2403
(z=0.397), observed in the context of the Galaxy Assembly as a
function of Mass and Environment with VST (VST-GAME) survey. The
project aims at gathering deep (r<24.4) and wide (approx. 20x20Mpc2)
observations at optical (u, g, r, i, VST) wavelengths for six massive
galaxy clusters at 0.2<z<0.6, complemented with near infrared data
(Y, J, Ks, VISTA, ESO public survey GCAV). The aim is to investigate
galaxy evolution in a wide range of stellar masses and environmental
conditions. This work describes the photometric analysis of the
cluster and the definition of a density field, which will be a key
ingredient for further studies about galaxy properties in the cluster
outskirts.
We extract sources paying particular attention to recover the faintest
ones and simultaneously flagging point sources and sources with
photometry affected by artefacts in the images. We combine all the
extractions in a multi-band catalog that is used to derive photometric
redshifts through SED fitting. We then define cluster memberships up
to 5r200 from the cluster core and measure the density field,
comparing galaxy properties in different environments.
We found that the g-r colors show bimodal behaviours in all the
environments, but the peak of the distribution of red galaxies shifts
toward redder colors with increasing density and the fraction of
galaxies in the blue cloud increases with decreasing density. We also
found 3 overdense regions in the cluster outskirts at r∼5r200.
Galaxies in these structures have mean densities and luminosities
similar to the cluster core. The color of galaxies suggests the
presence of evolved galaxy populations, an insight for pre-processing
phenomena over these substructures.We release the multi-band catalog,
down to the completeness limit r<24.4mag.
Description:
In the catalog, a unique primary key (GAME_ID), univocally identifies
sources. It is composed of a string containing 19 characters, where
four of them are "GAME" and fourteen for the digits hhmmsss-ddmmsss
barycentre coordinate, that we report in degrees (RA, DEC). We also
report the parameters of the ellipse that describes the shape of the
objects: the semi-major and semi-minor axes (A and B), and position
angle (THETA), together with the half flux radius (R_50) and the Kron
radius (R_Kron) measured in the r band. Among all the measured
magnitudes, we report three aperture magnitudes inside 1.5, 3, and 4
arcsec diameter (AP_15, AP_30, AP_40), the Kron magnitude (Mag_Kron)
and the model magnitude obtained from the sum of the spheroid and disc
components of the fitting (Mag_Model), as well as the PSF magnitude
(Mag_PSF). Magnitudes are corrected for the galactic extinction. We
also report in the catalog the adopted corrections (A_u, A_g, A_r,
A_i, A_Y, A_J, A_Ks). Finally, we provide the stellarity index
obtained for the r band from SExtractor (SI) and two additional flags:
the star/galaxy flag (NSFLAG_r) and the mask flag (MASKFLAGr).
NSFLAG_r flag is set to 0 for extended objects and greater than zero
for point-like sources identified in the r band. MASKFLAGr is set to
one for objects inside the r band mask and zero otherwise, according
to the identification of star haloes. We also report the measured
photometric redshift (photo_z).
Objects:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
RA (J2000) DE Designation(s)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
04 16 08.37 -24 04 20.8 MACS J0416.1-2403 = 1RXS J041609.9-240358
------------------------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 2089 74114 MACS J0416.1-2403 multi-band catalog
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See also:
J/ApJ/762/L30 : CLASH: MCS J0416.1-2403 strong lensing (Zitrin+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/443/1549 : MACSJ0416.1-2403 strong-lensing analysis (Jauzac+, 2014)
J/ApJS/224/33 : CLASH-VLT: FF cluster MACS J0416.1-2403 (Balestra+, 2016)
J/ApJ/831/182 : GLASS VI. MCS J0416.1-2403 HFF imaging+spectra (Hoag+, 2016)
J/A+A/590/A31 : ASTRODEEP Frontier Fields Catalogues (Merlin+, 2016)
J/A+A/597/A41 : ALMA Frontier Fields Survey. I. (Gonzalez-Lopez+, 2017)
J/A+A/600/A90 : MACS J0416.1-2403 redshift catalogue (Caminha+, 2017)
J/A+A/633/A160 : ALMA Frontier Fields Survey. V. (Carvajal+, 2020)
J/A+A/646/A57 : VLT/MUSE MACS J0416.1-2403 redshift cat. (Vanzella+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 A19 --- GAME Unique primary key, GAMEHHMMSSs-DDMMSSs
(GAME_ID)
21- 38 F18.15 deg RAdeg Rigth ascension (J2000) (RA)
40- 58 F19.15 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)(DEC)
60- 79 F20.16 pix a Semi-major axis (A)
81- 99 F19.16 pix b Semi-minor axis (B)
101- 106 F6.2 deg theta Position angle (THETA)
108- 127 F20.16 pix R50 Half flux radius measured in the r band
(R_50)
129- 133 F5.2 pix RKron Kron radius measured in the r band (R_KRON)
135- 152 F18.15 mag umagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in (AP15u)
154- 176 F23.18 mag e_umagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
u band (APERR15u)
178- 195 F18.15 mag umagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in u band
(AP30u)
197- 218 F22.18 mag e_umagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in u band
(APERR30u)
220- 237 F18.15 mag umagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in u band
(AP40u)
239- 261 F23.18 mag e_umagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in u band
(APERR40u)
263- 280 F18.15 mag umagKron Kron magnitude in u band (MagKronu)
282- 304 F23.18 mag e_umagKron Kron magnitude error in u band
(MagERRKronu)
306- 323 F18.15 mag umagModel Model magnitude in u band (MagModelu)
325- 348 F24.18 mag e_umagModel Model magnitude error in u band
(MagERRModelu)
350- 367 F18.15 mag umagPSF PSF magnitude in u band (MagPSFu)
369- 390 F22.18 mag e_umagPSF PSF magnitude error in u band (MagERRPSFu)
392- 410 F19.17 mag umagCorr Adopted correction in u band (A_u)
412- 429 F18.15 mag gmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in g band
(AP15g)
431- 452 F22.18 mag e_gmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
g band (APERR15g)
454- 471 F18.15 mag gmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in g band
(AP30g)
473- 494 F22.18 mag e_gmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in g band
(APERR30g)
496- 513 F18.15 mag gmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in g band
(AP40g)
515- 536 F22.18 mag e_gmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in g band
(APERR40g)
538- 555 F18.15 mag gmagKron Kron magnitude in g band (MagKrong)
557- 578 F22.18 mag e_gmagKron Kron magnitude error in g band
(MagERRKrong)
580- 597 F18.15 mag gmagModel Model magnitude in g band (MagModelg)
599- 621 F23.18 mag e_gmagModel Model magnitude error in g band
(MagERRModelg)
623- 640 F18.15 mag gmagPSF PSF magnitude in g band (MagPSFg)
642- 663 F22.18 mag e_gmagPSF PSF magnitude error in g band (MagERRPSFg)
665- 683 F19.17 mag gmagCorr Adopted correction in g band (A_g)
685- 702 F18.15 mag rmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in r band
(AP15r)
704- 723 F20.18 mag e_rmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
r band (APERR15r)
725- 742 F18.15 mag rmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in r band
(AP30r)
744- 763 F20.18 mag e_rmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in r band
(APERR30r)
765- 782 F18.15 mag rmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in r band
(AP40r)
784- 805 F22.18 mag e_rmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in r band
(APERR40r)
807- 824 F18.15 mag rmagKron Kron magnitude in r band (MagKronr)
826- 845 F20.18 mag e_rmagKron Kron magnitude error in r band
(MagERRKronr)
847- 864 F18.15 mag rmagModel Model magnitude in r band (MagModelr)
866- 888 F23.18 mag e_rmagModel Model magnitude error in r band
(MagERRModelr)
890- 907 F18.15 mag rmagPSF PSF magnitude in r band (MagPSFr)
909- 930 F22.18 mag e_rmagPSF PSF magnitude error in r band
(MagERRPSFr)
932- 950 F19.17 mag rmagCorr Adopted correction in r band (A_r)
952- 969 F18.15 mag imagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in i band
(AP15i)
971- 992 F22.18 mag e_imagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
i band (APERR15i)
994-1011 F18.15 mag imagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in i band
(AP30i)
1013-1034 F22.18 mag e_imagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in i band
(APERR30i)
1036-1053 F18.15 mag imagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in i band
(AP40i)
1055-1076 F22.18 mag e_imagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in i band
(APERR40i)
1078-1095 F18.15 mag imagKron Kron magnitude in i band (MagKroni)
1097-1116 F20.18 mag e_imagKron Kron magnitude error in i band
(MagERRKroni)
1118-1135 F18.15 mag imagModel Model magnitude in i band (MagModeli)
1137-1158 F22.18 mag e_imagModel Model magnitude error in i band
(MagERRModeli)
1160-1177 F18.15 mag imagPSF PSF magnitude in i band (MagPSFi)
1179-1200 F22.18 mag e_imagPSF PSF magnitude error in i band (MagERRPSFi)
1202-1221 F20.18 mag imagCorr Adopted correction in i band (A_i)
1223-1240 F18.15 mag YmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in Y band
(AP15y)
1242-1263 F22.18 mag e_YmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
Y band (APERR15y)
1265-1282 F18.15 mag YmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in Y band
(AP30y)
1284-1305 F22.18 mag e_YmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in Y band
(APERR30y)
1307-1324 F18.15 mag YmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in Y band
(AP40y)
1326-1347 F22.18 mag e_YmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in Y band
(APERR40y)
1349-1366 F18.15 mag YmagKron Kron magnitude in Y band (MagKrony)
1368-1389 F22.18 mag e_YmagKron Kron magnitude error in Y band
(MagERRKrony)
1391-1408 F18.15 mag YmagModel Model magnitude in Y band (MagModely)
1410-1431 F22.18 mag e_YmagModel Model magnitude error in Y band
(MagERRModely)
1433-1450 F18.15 mag YmagPSF PSF magnitude in Y band (MagPSFy)
1452-1473 F22.18 mag e_YmagPSF PSF magnitude error in Y band (MagERRPSFy)
1475-1494 F20.18 mag YmagCorr Adopted correction in Y band (A_y)
1496-1513 F18.15 mag JmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in J band
(AP15j)
1515-1536 F22.18 mag e_JmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
J band (APERR15j)
1538-1555 F18.15 mag JmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in J band
(AP30j)
1557-1578 F22.18 mag e_JmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in J band
(APERR30j)
1580-1597 F18.15 mag JmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in J band
(AP40j)
1599-1620 F22.18 mag e_JmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in J band
(APERR40j)
1622-1639 F18.15 mag JmagKron Kron magnitude in J band (MagKronj)
1641-1662 F22.18 mag e_JmagKron Kron magnitude error in J band
(MagERRKronj)
1664-1681 F18.15 mag JmagModel Model magnitude in J band (MagModelj)
1683-1704 F22.18 mag e_JmagModel Model magnitude error in J band
(MagERRModelj)
1706-1723 F18.15 mag JmagPSF PSF magnitude in J band (MagPSFj)
1725-1746 F22.18 mag e_JmagPSF PSF magnitude error in J band (MagERRPSFj)
1748-1767 F20.18 mag JmagCorr Adopted correction in J band (A_j)
1769-1786 F18.15 mag KmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" in K band
(AP15k)
1788-1809 F22.18 mag e_KmagAp15 Aperture magnitude inside 1.5" error in
K band (APERR15k)
1811-1828 F18.15 mag KmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" in K band
(AP30k)
1830-1851 F22.18 mag e_KmagAp30 Aperture magnitude inside 3" error in K band
(APERR30k)
1853-1870 F18.15 mag KmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" in K band
(AP40k)
1872-1893 F22.18 mag e_KmagAp40 Aperture magnitude inside 4" error in K band
(APERR40k)
1895-1912 F18.15 mag KmagKron Kron magnitude in K band (MagKronk)
1914-1935 F22.18 mag e_KmagKron Kron magnitude error in K band
(MagERRKronk)
1937-1954 F18.15 mag KmagModel Model magnitude in K band (MagModelk)
1956-1977 F22.18 mag e_KmagModel Model magnitude error in K band
(MagERRModelk)
1979-1996 F18.15 mag KmagPSF PSF magnitude in K band (MagPSFk)
1998-2019 F22.18 mag e_KmagPSF PSF magnitude error in K band (MagERRPSFk)
2021-2040 F20.18 mag KmagCorr Adopted correction in K band (A_k)
2042-2061 F20.18 --- SI [0/1] Stellarity index obtained for the
r band from SExtractor (SI)
2063-2064 I2 --- NSFlag [0/97] Star/galaxy flag (NSFLAG)
2066 I1 --- MaskFlag [0/1] Mask flag (MASK_FLAG)
2068-2089 F22.18 --- zph ?=-99 Measured photometric redshift
(photo_z)
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Acknowledgements:
Nicolas Estrada, nicolas.estrada90(at)gmail.com
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 07-Dec-2022