J/A+A/673/A114      Improving the open cluster census. II.         (Hunt+, 2023)

Improving the open cluster census. II. An all-sky cluster catalogue with Gaia DR3. Hunt E.L., Reffert S. <Astron. Astrophys. 673, A114 (2023)> =2023A&A...673A.114H 2023A&A...673A.114H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; Surveys ; Clusters, open ; Positional data ; Optical Keywords: open clusters and associations: general - methods: data analysis - catalogs - astrometry Abstract: Data from the Gaia satellite is revolutionising our understanding of the Milky Way. With every new data release, there is a need to update the census of open clusters. We aim to conduct a blind, all-sky search for open clusters using 729 million sources from Gaia DR3 down to magnitude G∼20, creating a homogeneous catalogue of clusters including many new objects. We use the HDBSCAN algorithm to recover clusters. We validate our clusters using a statistical density test and a Bayesian convolutional neural network for colour-magnitude diagram classification. We infer basic astrometric parameters, ages, extinctions, and distances for the clusters in the catalogue. We recover 7200 clusters, 2420 of which are candidate new objects and 4780 of which crossmatch to objects in the literature, including 134 globular clusters. A more stringent cut of our catalogue contains 4114 highly reliable clusters, 749 of which are new. Owing to the scope of our methodology, we are able to tentatively suggest that many of the clusters we are unable to detect may not be real, including 1152 clusters from the Milky Way Star Cluster (MWSC) catalogue that should have been detectable in Gaia data. Our cluster membership lists include many new members and often include tidal tails. Our catalogue's distribution traces the galactic warp, the spiral arm structure, and the dust distribution of the Milky Way. While much of the content of our catalogue contains bound open and globular clusters, as many as a few thousand of our clusters are more compatible with unbound moving groups, which we will classify in an upcoming work. We have conducted the largest search for open clusters to date, producing a single homogeneous star cluster catalogue which we make available with this paper. Description: We present five tables. Clusters: the main catalogue (Table 3). Clusters_rejected: an addendum to Table 3 containing rejected clusters in the Magellanic clouds or fragments of stellar streams. Not analysed in the paper, but included for completeness. Members: members of clusters in the main catalogue. Members_rejected: members of clusters in the addendum to Table 3. Crossmatches: a table of all clusters crossmatched against with IDs corresponding to clusters in the main catalogue (Table B.1) File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file clusters.dat 935 7167 Main catalogue (Table 3) members.dat 649 1291929 Member stars of clusters (corrected version) crossma.dat 207 29945 All (non-)xmatched clusters (Table B.1) clustrej.dat 738 621 Objects rejected from main catalogue membrej.dat 640 490907 Member stars of rejected clusters -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022) J/A+A/646/A104 : Improving the open cluster census. I. (Hunt+, 2021) Byte-by-byte Description of file: clusters.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 20 A20 --- Name Main accepted cluster name (1) 22- 25 I4 --- ID ? Internal cluster ID 27-272 A246 --- AllNames Comma separated list of all crossmatched cluster names 274 A1 --- Type [omg] Type of object (o: open cluster, m: moving group, g: globular cluster) 276-286 F11.8 --- CST [3/99] Astrometric SNR (cluster significance test) (G1) 288-293 I6 --- N [10/153797] Number of member stars 295-305 F11.8 --- CSTt [2.9/99] Astrometric SNR within tidal radius (G1) 307-311 I5 --- Nt [10/53464] Number of stars within tidal radius 313-324 F12.8 deg RAdeg Right ascension of densest point (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 326-337 F12.8 deg DEdeg Declination of densest point (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 339-350 F12.8 deg GLON Galactic longitude 352-362 E11.4 deg GLAT Galactic latitude 364-374 F11.8 deg r50 Radius containing 50% of members within the tidal radius 376-386 F11.8 deg rc Core radius (approximate estimate) 388-398 F11.8 deg rt Tidal radius (approximate estimate) 400-410 F11.8 deg rtot Total radius (including tidal tails, coma, etc) 412-424 F13.8 pc r50pc Radius containing 50% of members in parsecs 426-438 F13.8 pc rcpc Core radius in parsecs 440-452 F13.8 pc rtpc Tidal radius in parsecs 454-466 F13.8 pc rtotpc Total radius in parsecs 468-480 F13.8 mas/yr pmRA Mean proper motion in right ascension multipled by cos(dec) 482-492 F11.8 mas/yr s_pmRA Standard deviation of pmRA 494-503 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard error of pmRA 505-516 F12.8 mas/yr pmDE Mean proper motion in declination 518-528 F11.8 mas/yr s_pmDE Standard deviation of pmDE 530-539 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard error of pmDE 541-552 F12.8 mas Plx Mean parallax 554-564 F11.8 mas s_Plx Standard deviation of parallax 566-575 F10.8 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax 577-591 F15.8 pc dist16 16th percentile of maximum likelihood distance 593-607 F15.8 pc dist50 50th percentile of maximum likelihood distance 609-624 F16.8 pc dist84 84th percentile of maximum likelihood distance 626-630 I5 --- Ndist Number of stars used for distance calculation 632 I1 --- globalPlx [0/1] Flag indicating clusters for which a star-by-star parallax offset correction was not possible during distance calculation 634-649 F16.8 pc X X coordinate in galactocentric galactic coordinates 651-666 F16.8 pc Y Y coordinate in galactocentric galactic coordinates 668-683 F16.8 pc Z Z coordinate in galactocentric galactic coordinates 685-697 F13.8 km/s RV ? Mean Gaia DR3 radial velocity 699-711 F13.8 km/s s_RV ? Standard deviation of radial velocity 713-725 F13.8 km/s e_RV ? Standard error of radial velocity 727-730 I4 --- n_RV Number of member stars with a radial velocity 732-740 E9.4 --- CMDCl2.5 [0/1] 2.5th percentile of CMD class 742-750 E9.4 --- CMDCl16 [0/1] 16th percentile of CMD class 752-761 F10.8 --- CMDCl50 [0/1] 50th percentile of CMD class 763-772 F10.8 --- CMDCl84 [0/1] 84th percentile of CMD class 774-783 F10.8 --- CMDCl97.5 [0/1] 97.5th percentile of CMD class 785-787 A3 --- CMDClHuman Human-assigned CMD class (where available) (G2) 789-798 F10.8 [yr] logAge16 16th percentile of logarithm of cluster age 800-809 F10.8 [yr] logAge50 50th percentile of logarithm of cluster age 811-821 F11.8 [yr] logAge84 84th percentile of logarithm of cluster age 823-831 E9.4 mag AV16 16th percentile of V-band cluster extinction 833-842 F10.8 mag AV50 50th percentile of V-band cluster extinction 844-853 F10.8 mag AV84 84th percentile of V-band cluster extinction 855-863 E9.4 mag diffAV16 16th percentile of approximate V-band differential extinction 865-874 F10.8 mag diffAV50 50th percentile of approximate V-band differential extinction 876-885 F10.8 mag diffAV84 84th percentile of approximate V-band differential extinction 887-897 F11.8 mag MOD16 16th percentile of photometrically estimated distance modulus 899-909 F11.8 mag MOD50 50th percentile of photometrically estimated distance modulus 911-921 F11.8 mag MOD84 84th percentile of photometrically estimated distance modulus 923-924 I2 --- minClSize [-1/80] HDBSCAN parameter used to construct cluster membership list (-1 for membership lists not made with HDBSCAN) 926 I1 --- isMerged [0/1] Flag indicating manually merged cluster membership list 928 I1 --- isGMMMemb [0/1] Flag indicating cluster membership list constructed using additional Gaussian mixture model post-processing step 930-931 I2 --- NXmatches [0/23] Number of unique crossmatches to this cluster 933-935 A3 --- XmatchType Type of crossmatch (G3) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): HSC_1 to HSC_10 for the clusters detected in this study. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: members.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 20 A20 --- Name Main accepted cluster name 22- 25 I4 --- ID ? Internal cluster ID 27- 45 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 source ID 47 I1 --- inrt [0/1] Flag indicating if cluster is within tidal radius (i.e. is a good member) 49- 58 F10.8 --- Prob [0/1] Membership probability 60- 71 F12.8 deg RAdeg Right ascension of star (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 73- 82 F10.8 arcsec e_RAdeg Standard error on RA 84- 95 F12.8 deg DEdeg Declination of star (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 97-106 F10.8 arcsec e_DEdeg Standard error on DE 108-119 F12.8 deg GLON Galactic longitude 121-131 E11.4 deg GLAT Galactic latitude 133-143 E11.4 mas/yr pmRA Mean proper motion in right ascension multipled by cos(dec) 145-154 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard error of pmRA 156-166 E11.4 mas/yr pmDE Mean proper motion in declination 168-177 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard error of pmDE 179-189 E11.4 mas Plx Mean parallax 191-200 F10.8 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax 202-212 F11.8 um-1 pscol ? Estimated pseudocolour 214-224 F11.8 um-1 e_pscol ? Standard error on pseudocolor 226-236 E11.4 --- PlxpmRACor Correlation between parallax and pmRA 238-248 E11.4 --- PlxpmDECor Correlation between parallax and pmDE 250-260 E11.4 --- pmRApmDECor Correlation between pmRA and pmdE 262-272 E11.4 --- PlxpscolCor ? Correlation between parallax and pseudocolour 274-284 E11.4 --- pmRApscolCor ? Correlation between pmRA and pseudocolour 286-296 E11.4 --- pmDEpscolCor ? Correlation between pmDE and pseudocolour 298-299 I2 --- Solved [31/95] Gaia DR3 flag indicating which parameters solved for 301-312 F12.8 deg ELAT Ecliptic latitude 314-323 F10.7 um-1 nueff ? Effective wavenumber of source used in astrometric solution 325-335 F11.8 --- RUWE Renormalised unit weight error 337-346 F10.8 --- FidelityV1 Rybizki et al. (2022MNRAS.510.2597R 2022MNRAS.510.2597R) V1 fidelity parameter 348-366 F19.8 e-/s FG Mean G-band flux 368-383 F16.8 e-/s e_FG Error on mean G-band flux 385-402 F18.8 e-/s FBP Mean BP-band flux 404-420 F17.8 e-/s e_FBP Error on mean BP-band flux 422-439 F18.8 e-/s FRP Mean RP-band flux 441-457 F17.8 e-/s e_FRP Error on mean RP-band flux 459-468 F10.7 mag Gmag Mean G-band magnitude 470-479 F10.7 mag BPmag Mean BP-band magnitude 481-490 F10.7 mag RPmag Mean RP-band magnitude 492-502 E11.4 mag BP-RP BP-RP colour 504-514 E11.4 mag BP-G BP-G colour 516-526 E11.4 mag G-RP G-RP colour 528-536 E9.3 km/s RV ? Mean Gaia DR3 radial velocity 538-549 F12.8 km/s e_RV ? Standard error of radial velocity 551-554 F4.1 --- n_RV ? Method used to obtain the RV 556-561 F6.1 --- o_RV ? Number of transits used to compute the RV 563-567 F5.1 --- o_RVd ? Number of transits that underwent deblending 569-579 F11.7 mag GRVSmag ? Mean Grvs magnitude 581-591 F11.8 mag e_GRVSmag ? Error on mean Grvs magnitude 593-598 F6.1 --- o_GRVSmag ? Number of transits used to construct Grvs magnitude 600-611 F12.7 km/s Vbroad ? Spectral line broadening parameter 613-625 F13.8 km/s e_Vbroad ? Error on the spectral line broadening 627-631 F5.1 --- o_Vbroad ? Number of transits used to compute vbroad 633-645 A13 --- VarFlag Gaia DR3 photometric variability flag 647 I1 --- NSS [0/6] Flag indicating source has additional information in the Gaia DR3 non single star tables 649 I1 --- RVS [0/1] Flag indicating the availability of mean RVS spectrum for this source -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: crossma.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 I4 --- ID ? Internal cluster ID (blank if object has no crossmatched cluster in our work) 6- 26 A21 --- NameLit Name in literature catalogue 28- 43 A16 --- SourceCat Source catalogue reference 45- 72 A28 --- TypeSourceCat Comma separated list of all source catalogue crossmatch types for this crossmatch 74- 83 E10.4 deg Sep [0/2]? Separation between cluster centres 85- 95 F11.8 --- SepTidal [0/0.94]? Separation in terms of largest tidal radius 97-107 F11.8 --- SepTidalLit [0/1]? Separation in terms of literature tidal radius 109-119 F11.8 --- SepTidalData [0/1]? Separation in terms of tidal radius in this work 121-130 E10.4 mas/yr pmRASep [0/17.41]? Separation in pmRA times cos(dec) between this work and literature 132-142 F11.8 --- pmRASigma ? pmRA separation in terms of uncertainty on pmRA in this work and literature added in quadrature 144-153 E10.4 mas/yr pmDESep [0/11.24]? Separation in pmDE between this work and literature 155-164 E10.4 --- pmDESigma ? pmDE separation in terms of uncertainty on pmRA in this work and literature added in quadrature 166-175 E10.4 mas PlxSep [0/2.8]? Separation in parallax between this work and literature 177-186 E10.4 --- PlxSigma ? Parallax separation in terms of uncertainty on pmRA in this work and literature added in quadrature 188-196 E9.3 --- maxSigma ? Maximum value of pmRASepSigma, pmDESepSigma, and PlxSepSigma (must be less than 2.0 for a valid astrometric match) 198-207 E10.4 --- meanSigma ? Mean value of pmRASepSigma, pmDESepSigma, and PlxSepSigma -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: clustrej.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- Name Main accepted cluster name 17- 20 I4 --- ID [7167/7787] Internal cluster ID 22- 69 A48 --- AllNames Comma separated list of all crossmatched cluster names 71 A1 --- Type [omg] Type of object (o: open cluster, m: moving group, g: globular cluster) 73- 83 F11.8 --- CST [3/99] Astrometric SNR (cluster significance test) (G1) 85- 90 I6 --- N [10/104862] Number of member stars 92-102 F11.8 --- CSTt [3/99] Astrometric SNR within tidal radius 104-108 I5 --- Nt [10/40000] Number of stars within tidal radius 110-121 F12.8 deg RAdeg Right ascension of densest point (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 123-134 F12.8 deg DEdeg Declination of densest point (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 136-147 F12.8 deg GLON Galactic longitude 149-160 F12.8 deg GLAT Galactic latitude 162-172 F11.8 deg r50 Radius containing 50% of members within the tidal radius 174-184 F11.8 deg rc Core radius (approximate estimate) 186-196 F11.8 deg rt Tidal radius (approximate estimate) 198-208 F11.8 deg rtot Total radius (including tidal tails, coma, etc) 210-222 F13.8 pc r50pc Radius containing 50% of members in parsecs 224-236 F13.8 pc rcpc Core radius in parsecs 238-251 F14.8 pc rtpc Tidal radius in parsecs 253-266 F14.8 pc rtotpc Total radius in parsecs 268-280 F13.8 mas/yr pmRA Mean proper motion in right ascension multipled by cos(dec) 282-292 F11.8 mas/yr s_pmRA Standard deviation of pmRA 294-303 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard error of pmRA 305-316 F12.8 mas/yr pmDE Mean proper motion in declination 318-328 F11.8 mas/yr s_pmDE Standard deviation of pmDE 330-339 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard error of pmDE 341-352 F12.8 mas Plx Mean parallax 354-363 F10.8 mas s_Plx Standard deviation of parallax 365-374 F10.8 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax 376-390 F15.8 pc dist16 16th percentile of maximum likelihood distance 392-407 F16.8 pc dist50 50th percentile of maximum likelihood distance 409-424 F16.8 pc dist84 84th percentile of maximum likelihood distance 426-430 I5 --- Ndist [7/46664] Number of stars used for distance calculation 432 I1 --- globalPlx [0/1] Flag indicating clusters for which a star-by-star parallax offset correction was not possible during distance calculation 434-449 F16.8 pc X X coordinate in galactocentric galactic coordinates 451-466 F16.8 pc Y Y coordinate in galactocentric galactic coordinates 468-483 F16.8 pc Z Z coordinate in galactocentric galactic coordinates 485-497 F13.8 km/s RV ? Mean Gaia DR3 radial velocity 499-511 F13.8 km/s s_RV ? Standard deviation of radial velocity 513-525 F13.8 km/s e_RV ? Standard error of radial velocity 527-530 I4 --- n_RV Number of member stars with a radial velocity 532-540 E9.4 --- CMDCl2.5 [0/1] 2.5th percentile of CMD class 542-550 E9.4 --- CMDCl16 [0/1] 16th percentile of CMD class 552-561 F10.8 --- CMDCl50 [0/1] 50th percentile of CMD class 563-572 F10.8 --- CMDCl84 [0/1] 84th percentile of CMD class 574-583 F10.8 --- CMDCl97.5 [0/1] 97.5th percentile of CMD class 585-587 A3 --- CMDClHuman Human-assigned CMD class (where available) (G2) 589-598 F10.8 [yr] logAge16 16th percentile of logarithm of cluster age 600-609 F10.8 [yr] logAge50 50th percentile of logarithm of cluster age 611-621 F11.8 [yr] logAge84 84th percentile of logarithm of cluster age 623-631 E9.4 mag AV16 16th percentile of V-band cluster extinction 633-642 F10.8 mag AV50 50th percentile of V-band cluster extinction 644-653 F10.8 mag AV84 84th percentile of V-band cluster extinction 655-663 E9.4 mag diffAV16 16th percentile of approximate V-band differential extinction 665-674 F10.8 mag diffAV50 50th percentile of approximate V-band differential extinction 676-685 F10.8 mag diffAV84 84th percentile of approximate V-band differential extinction 687-697 F11.8 mag MOD16 16th percentile of photometrically estimated distance modulus 699-709 F11.8 mag MOD50 50th percentile of photometrically estimated distance modulus 711-721 F11.8 mag MOD84 84th percentile of photometrically estimated distance modulus 723-724 I2 --- minClSize [-1/80] HDBSCAN parameter used to construct cluster membership list (-1 for membership lists not made with HDBSCAN) 726 I1 --- isMerged [0/1] Flag indicating manually merged cluster membership list 728 I1 --- isGMMMemb [0/1] Flag indicating cluster membership list constructed using additional Gaussian mixture model post-processing step 730 I1 --- NXmatches [0/2] Number of unique crossmatches to this cluster 732-734 A3 --- XmatchType Type of crossmatch (G3) 736 I1 --- isMC [0/1] Flag indicating cluster is believed to be in Magellanic clouds 738 I1 --- isStream [0/1] Flag indicating cluster is believed to be a component of a stellar stream -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: membrej.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- Name Main accepted cluster name 17- 20 I4 --- ID [7167/7787] Internal cluster ID 22- 40 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 source ID 42 I1 --- inrt [0/1] Flag indicating if cluster is within tidal radius (i.e. is a good member) 44- 53 F10.8 --- Prob [0/1] Membership probability 55- 66 F12.8 deg RAdeg Right ascension of star (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 68- 77 F10.8 arcsec e_RAdeg Standard error on RA 79- 90 F12.8 deg DEdeg Declination of star (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 92-101 F10.8 arcsec e_DEdeg Standard error on DE 103-114 F12.8 deg GLON Galactic longitude 116-127 F12.8 deg GLAT Galactic latitude 129-139 E11.4 mas/yr pmRA Mean proper motion in right ascension multipled by cos(dec) 141-150 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard error of pmRA 152-162 E11.4 mas/yr pmDE Mean proper motion in declination 164-173 F10.8 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard error of pmDE 175-185 E11.4 mas Plx Mean parallax 187-196 F10.8 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax 198-208 F11.8 um-1 pscol ? Estimated pseudocolour 210-220 F11.8 um-1 e_pscol ? Standard error on pseudocolor 222-232 E11.4 --- PlxpmRACor Correlation between parallax and pmRA 234-244 E11.4 --- PlxpmDECor Correlation between parallax and pmDE 246-256 E11.4 --- pmRApmDECor Correlation between pmRA and pmDE 258-268 E11.4 --- PlxpscolCor ? Correlation between parallax and pseudocolour 270-280 E11.4 --- pmRApscolCor ? Correlation between pmRA and pseudocolour 282-292 E11.4 --- pmDEpscolCor ? Correlation between pmDE and pseudocolour 294-295 I2 --- Solved [31/95] Gaia DR3 flag indicating which parameters solved for 297-307 E11.4 deg ELAT Ecliptic latitude 309-318 F10.7 um-1 nueff ? Effective wavenumber of source used in astrometric solution 320-330 F11.8 --- RUWE Renormalised unit weight error 332-341 F10.8 --- FidelityV1 Rybizki et al. (2022MNRAS.510.2597R 2022MNRAS.510.2597R) V1 fidelity parameter 343-360 F18.8 e-/s FG Mean G-band flux 362-376 F15.8 e-/s e_FG Error on mean G-band flux 378-394 F17.8 e-/s FBP Mean BP-band flux 396-410 F15.8 e-/s e_FBP Error on mean BP-band flux 412-429 F18.8 e-/s FRP Mean RP-band flux 431-446 F16.8 e-/s e_FRP Error on mean RP-band flux 448-457 F10.7 mag Gmag Mean G-band magnitude 459-468 F10.7 mag BPmag Mean BP-band magnitude 470-479 F10.7 mag RPmag Mean RP-band magnitude 481-491 E11.4 mag BP-RP BP-RP colour 493-503 E11.4 mag BP-G BP-G colour 505-515 E11.4 mag G-RP G-RP colour 517-529 F13.8 km/s RV ? Mean Gaia DR3 radial velocity 531-542 F12.8 km/s e_RV ? Standard error of radial velocity 544-547 F4.1 --- n_RV ? Method used to obtain the RV 549-553 F5.1 --- o_RV ? Number of transits used to compute the RV 555-559 F5.1 --- o_RVd ? Number of transits that underwent deblending 561-571 F11.7 mag GRVSmag ? Mean Grvs magnitude 573-583 F11.8 mag e_GRVSmag ? Error on mean Grvs magnitude 585-589 F5.1 --- o_GRVSmag ? Number of transits used to construct Grvs magnitude 591-602 F12.7 km/s Vbroad ? Spectral line broadening parameter 604-616 F13.8 km/s e_Vbroad ? Error on the spectral line broadening 618-622 F5.1 --- o_Vbroad ? Number of transits used to compute vbroad 624-636 A13 --- VarFlag Gaia DR3 photometric variability flag 638 I1 --- NSS [0/6] Flag indicating source has additional information in the Gaia DR3 non single star tables 640 I1 --- RVS [0/1] Flag indicating the availability of mean RVS spectrum for this source -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Global notes: Note (G1): set to 99 for clusters with an SNR greater than approximately 38 (due to numerical precision limit in our pipeline/scipy). Note (G2): Human-assigned CMD class as follows: FP = false positive FP? = false positive ? TP = true positive TP? = true positive ? Note (G3): Type of crossmatch as follows: 1:1 = one to one 1:m = one to many m:1 = many to one m:m = many to many blank for new object -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Emily Hunt, ehunt(at)lsw.uni-heidelberg.de References: Hunt & Reffert, Paper I 2021A&A...646A.104H 2021A&A...646A.104H, Cat. J/A+A/646/A104 History: 16-May-2023: on-line version 20-Jul-2023: corrected members.dattable (correct declination)
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 23-Mar-2023
The document above follows the rules of the Standard Description for Astronomical Catalogues; from this documentation it is possible to generate f77 program to load files into arrays or line by line