J/A+A/674/A41 Composite quasar spectra from Gaia DR3 (Gaia Coll., 2023)
Gaia Data Release 3: The extragalactic content.
Gaia Collaboration, Bailer-Jones C.A.L., Teyssier D., Delchambre L.,
Ducourant C., Garabato D., Hatzidimitriou D., Klioner S.A., Rimoldini L.,
Bellas-Velidis I., Carballo R., Carnerero M.I., Diener C., Fouesneau M.,
Galluccio L., Gavras P., Krone-Martins A., Raiteri C.M., Teixeira R.,
Brown A.G.A., Vallenari A., Prusti T., de Bruijne J.H.J., Arenou F.,
Babusiaux C., Biermann M., Creevey O.L., Evans D.W., Eyer L., Guerra R.,
Hutton A., Jordi C., Lammers U.L., Lindegren L., Luri X., Mignard F.,
Panem C., Pourbaix D., Randich S., Sartoretti P., Soubiran C., Tanga P.,
Walton N.A., Bastian U., Drimmel R., Jansen F., Katz D., Lattanzi M.G.,
van Leeuwen F., Bakker J., Cacciari C., Castaneda J., De Angeli F.,
Fabricius C., Fremat Y., Guerrier A., Heiter U., Masana E., Messineo R.,
Mowlavi N., Nicolas C., Nienartowicz K., Pailler F., Panuzzo P.,
Riclet F., Roux W., Seabroke G.M., Sordo R., Thevenin F., Gracia-Abril G.,
Portell J., Altmann M., Andrae R., Audard M., Benson K., Berthier J.,
Blomme R., Burgess P.W., Busonero D., Busso G., Canovas H., Carry B.,
Cellino A., Cheek N., Clementini G., Damerdji Y., Davidson M.,
de Teodoro P., Nunez Campos M., Dell'Oro A., Esquej P.,
Fernandez-Hernandez J., Fraile E., Garcia-Lario P., Gosset E., Haigron R.,
Halbwachs J.-L., Hambly N.C., Harrison D.L., Hernandez J., Hestroffer D.,
Hodgkin S.T., Holl B., Janssen K., Jevardat de Fombelle G., Jordan S.,
Lanzafame A.C., Loffler W., Marchal O., Marrese P.M., Moitinho A.,
Muinonen K., Osborne P., Pancino E., Pauwels T., Recio-Blanco A.,
Reyle C., Riello M., Roegiers T., Rybizki J., Sarro L.M., Siopis C.,
Smith M., Sozzetti A., Utrilla E., van Leeuwen M., Abbas U., Abraham P.,
Abreu Aramburu A., Aerts C., Aguado J.J., Ajaj M., Aldea-Montero F.,
Altavilla G., Alvarez M.A., Alves J., Anderson R.I., Anglada Varela E.,
Antoja T., Baines D., Baker S.G., Balaguer-Nunez L., Balbinot E.,
Balog Z., Barache C., Barbato D., Barros M., Barstow M.A., Bartolome S.,
Bassilana J.-L., Bauchet N., Becciani U., Bellazzini M., Berihuete A.,
Bernet M., Bertone S., Bianchi L., Binnenfeld A., Blanco-Cuaresma S.,
Boch T., Bombrun A., Bossini D., Bouquillon S., Bragaglia A., Bramante L.,
Breedt E., Bressan A., Brouillet N., Brugaletta E., Bucciarelli B.,
Burlacu A., Butkevich A.G., Buzzi R., Caffau E., Cancelliere R.,
Cantat-Gaudin T., Carlucci T., Carrasco J.M., Casamiquela L.,
Castellani M., Castro-Ginard A., Chaoul L., Charlot P., Chemin L.,
Chiaramida V., Chiavassa A., Chornay N., Comoretto G., Contursi G.,
Cooper W.J., Cornez T., Cowell S., Crifo F., Cropper M., Crosta M.,
Crowley C., Dafonte C., Dapergolas A., David P., de Laverny P.,
De Luise F., De March R., De Ridder J., de Souza R., de Torres A.,
del Peloso E.F., del Pozo E., Delbo M., Delgado A., Delisle J.-B.,
Demouchy C., Dharmawardena T.E., Diakite S., Distefano E., Dolding C.,
Enke H., Fabre C., Fabrizio M., Faigler S., Fedorets G., Fernique P.,
Figueras F., Fournier Y., Fouron C., Fragkoudi F., Gai M.,
Garcia-Gutierrez A., Garcia-Reinaldos M., Garcia-Torres M., Garofalo A.,
Gavel A., Gerlach E., Geyer R., Giacobbe P., Gilmore G., Girona S.,
Giuffrida G., Gomel R., Gomez A., Gonzalez-Nunez J.,
Gonzalez-Santamaria I., Gonzalez-Vidal J.J., Granvik M., Guillout P.,
Guiraud J., Gutierrez-Sanchez R., Guy L.P., Hauser M., Haywood M.,
Helmer A., Helmi A., Sarmiento M.H., Hidalgo S.L., Hilger T., Hladczuk N.,
Hobbs D., Holland G., Huckle H.E., Jardine K., Jasniewicz G.,
Jean-Antoine-Piccolo A., Jimenez-Arranz O., Juaristi Campillo J.,
Julbe F., Karbevska L., Kervella P., Khanna S., Kontizas M.,
Kordopatis G., Korn A.J., Kospal A., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z.,
Kruszynska K., Kun M., Laizeau P., Lambert S., Lanza A.F., Lasne Y.,
Le Campion J.-F., Lebreton Y., Lebzelter T., Leccia S., Leclerc N.,
Lecoeur-Taibi I., Liao S., Licata E.L., Lindstrom H.E.P., Lister T.A.,
Livanou E., Lobel A., Lorca A., Loup C., Madrero Pardo P.,
Magdaleno Romeo A., Managau S., Mann R.G., Manteiga M., Marchant J.M.,
Marconi M., Marcos J., Marcos Santos M.M.S., Marin Pina D., Marinoni S.,
Marocco F., Marshall D.J., Martin Polo L., Martin-Fleitas J.M., Marton G.,
Mary N., Masip A., Massari D., Mastrobuono-Battisti A., Mazeh T.,
McMillan P.J., Messina S., Michalik D., Millar N.R., Mints A., Molina D.,
Molinaro R., Molnar L., Monari G., Monguio M., Montegriffo P., Montero A.,
Mor R., Mora A., Morbidelli R., Morel T., Morris D., Muraveva T.,
Murphy C.P., Musella I., Nagy Z., Noval L., Ocana F., Ogden A.,
Ordenovic C., Osinde J.O., Pagani C., Pagano I., Palaversa L.,
Palicio P.A., Pallas-Quintela L., Panahi A., Payne-Wardenaar S.,
Penalosa Esteller X., Penttila A., Pichon B., Piersimoni A.M.,
Pineau F.-X., Plachy E., Plum G., Poggio E., Prsa A., Pulone L.,
Racero E., Ragaini S., Rainer M., Ramos P., Ramos-Lerate M.,
Re Fiorentin P., Regibo S., Richards P.J., Rios Diaz C., Ripepi V.,
Riva A., Rix H.-W., Rixon G., Robichon N., Robin A.C., Robin C.,
Roelens M., Rogues H.R.O., Rohrbasser L., Romero-Gomez M., Rowell N.,
Royer F., Ruz Mieres D., Rybicki K.A., Sadowski G., Saez Nunez A.,
Sagrista Selles A., Sahlmann J., Salguero E., Samaras N.,
Sanchez Gimenez V., Sanna N., Santovena R., Sarasso M., Schultheis M.,
Sciacca E., Segol M., Segovia J.C., Segransan D., Semeux D., Shahaf S.,
Siddiqui H.I., Siebert A., Siltala L., Silvelo A., Slezak E., Slezak I.,
Smart R.L., Snaith O.N., Solano E., Solitro F., Souami D., Souchay J.,
Spagna A., Spina L., Spoto F., Steele I.A., Steidelmuller H.,
Stephenson C.A., Suveges M., Surdej J., Szabados L., Szegedi-Elek E.,
Taris F., Taylor M.B., Tolomei L., Tonello N., Torra F., Torra J.,
Torralba Elipe G., Trabucchi M., Tsounis A.T., Turon C., Ulla A.,
Unger N., Vaillant M.V., van Dillen E., van Reeven W., Vanel O.,
Vecchiato A., Viala Y., Vicente D., Voutsinas S., Weiler M., Wevers T.,
Wyrzykowski L., Yoldas A., Yvard P., Zhao H., Zorec J., Zucker S.,
Zwitter T.
<Astron. Astrophys. 674, A41 (2023)>
=2023A&A...674A..41G 2023A&A...674A..41G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: QSOs ; Redshifts ; Spectrophotometry
Mission_Name: Gaia
Keywords: Surveys - galaxies: general - quasars: general
Abstract:
The Gaia Galactic survey mission is designed and optimized to obtain
astrometry, photometry, and spectroscopy of nearly two billion stars
in our Galaxy. Yet as an all-sky multi-epoch survey, Gaia also
observes several million extragalactic objects down to a magnitude of
G∼21mag. Due to the nature of the Gaia onboard-selection algorithms,
these are mostly point-source-like objects. Using data provided by the
satellite, we have identified quasar and galaxy candidates via
supervised machine learning methods, and estimate their redshifts
using the low resolution BP/RP spectra. We further characterise the
surface brightness profiles of host galaxies of quasars and of
galaxies from pre-defined input lists. Here we give an overview of the
processing of extragalactic objects, describe the data products in
Gaia DR3, and analyse their properties. Two integrated tables contain
the main results for a high completeness, but low purity (50-70%),
set of 6.6 million candidate quasars and 4.8 million candidate
galaxies. We provide queries that select purer sub-samples of these
containing 1.9 million probable quasars and 2.9 million probable
galaxies (both ∼95% purity). We also use high quality BP/RP spectra
of 43 thousand high probability quasars over the redshift range
0.05-4.36 to construct a composite quasar spectrum spanning
restframe wavelengths from 72-1000nm.
Description:
Composite spectra of quasars constructed from the Gaia BP/RP spectra
of 42944 sources identified in the Gaia DR3 catalogue. These sources
all have classprobdsccombmod_quasar>0.01 in Gaia DR3 and a
spectroscopically confirmed redshift in the Milliquas 7.2 quasar
catalogue of Flesh et al. (2021yCat.7290....0F 2021yCat.7290....0F) - corresponding to a
TYPE='Q' in Milliquas. A search radius of 1" is used to match the Gaia
sources to their Milliquas counterparts, leading to a redshift
coverage of 0.052≤z≤4.358. Redshifts from Milliquas are used to
shift the observed BP/RP spectra into their restframes. Five composite
spectra are also constructed from this sample using narrower redshift
ranges: 0.052≤z<0.5 (2571 sources), 0.5≤z<1 (8810 sources),
1≤z<2 (20 755 sources), 2≤z<3 (9870 sources), and 3≤z<4
(929 sources). We have also constructed a "Gaia-only" composite
spectrum based on a pure set of 111 563 BP/RP spectra selected from
the Gaia classification and redshift predictions (see the appendix of
the printed paper for details). The "Gaia-only" composite spectrum
covers a predicted redshift range of 0.087≤z≤ 6.128. All
composite spectra are trimmed in order to remove wavelength regions
whose signal-to-noise ratio is lower than one.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table8.dat 33 837 Composite quasar spectrum with 0.052≤z≤4.358
table8a.dat 33 502 Composite quasar spectrum with 0.052≤z<0.5
table8b.dat 33 477 Composite quasar spectrum with 0.5≤z<1
table8c.dat 33 516 Composite quasar spectrum with 1≤z<2
table8d.dat 33 468 Composite quasar spectrum with 2≤z<3
table8e.dat 33 387 Composite quasar spectrum with 3≤z<4
table8f.dat 33 1007 Gaia-only composite quasar spectrum
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See also:
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
I/356 : Gaia DR3 Part 2. Extra-galactic (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
VII/290 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, version 7.2 (Flesch, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table*.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 F7.3 nm lambda Rest-frame wavelength
9- 20 E12.6 --- F Arbitrarily scaled flux density
22- 33 E12.6 --- e_F Error in the arbitrarily scaled flux density
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Acknowledgements:
Coryn Bailer-Jones, calj(at)mpia.de
(End) Ludovic Delchambre [Univ. Liege], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 05-May-2022