J/A+A/677/A61 Abundances of 15 clusters and 20 stars (Mucciarelli+, 2023)
The chemical DNA of the Magellanic Clouds.
II. High-resolution spectroscopy of the SMC globular clusters NGC 121,
NGC 339, and NGC 419.
Mucciarelli A., Minelli A., Lardo C., Massari D., Bellazzini M., Romano D.,
Origlia L., Ferraro F.R.
<Astron. Astrophys., 677, A61 (2023)>
=2023A&A...677A..61M 2023A&A...677A..61M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Magellanic Clouds ; Clusters, open ; Stars, giant ;
Abundances ; Optical
Keywords: Magellanic Clouds - techniques: spectroscopic - stars: abundances
Abstract:
The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is the host of a rich system of
globular clusters (GCs) that span a wide age range. The chemical
composition of the SMC clusters is still poorly understood, despite
their significance to chemical-evolution studies. Here, we provide the
first detailed chemical study of evolved giants in three distinct
clusters, NGC 121 (10.5Gyr), NGC 339 (6Gyr), and NGC 419 (1.4Gyr).
The results are based on high-resolution spectra obtained with FLAMES
at the Very Large Telescope. The chemical fingerprints of these
clusters closely resemble those of SMC field stars, supporting the
SMC's specific history of chemical enrichment relative to the Milky
Way. The approximately solar-scaled [α/Fe] observed in all
three clusters, independent of their [Fe/H], demonstrate the SMC's low
star formation efficiency. Compared to their Milky Way counterparts,
elements primarily produced by massive stars are severely
under-represented. In particular, the young cluster NGC 419's
extremely low [Zn/Fe] shows that hypernovae have contributed
relatively little during the past 2Gyr. The three GCs have high
[Eu/Fe] values regardless of their age. This suggests that the
production of the r-process elements in the SMC was extremely
efficient up to 1.5Gyr ago, with an enrichment timescale comparable
to that from Type Ia supernovae. When the properties of the oldest SMC
object, NGC 121, are compared to those of in situ Milky Way clusters
and accreted clusters linked to the Gaia-Enceladus merger event, it is
shown that the SMC had already attained the same metallicity as
Gaia-Enceladus but with lower [Fe/H] ratios at the age of NGC 121.
This suggests that the chemical enrichment histories of the early SMC
and Gaia-Enceladus differed, and that the SMC probably had a lower
mass in its early ages than Gaia-Enceladus.
Description:
The table list for each MW target cluster the average abundance ratios
together with the corresponding standard error and the observed
dispersion of the mean.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 71 20 Adopted atmospheric parameters for SMC GC targets
table3.dat 122 20 Chemical abundances for the SMC GC stars
table4.dat 111 20 Chemical abundances for the SMC GC stars
tablea.dat 312 15 MW GCs average abundance ratios together with the
corresponding standard error and dispersion of
the mean
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See also:
J/A+A/671/A124 : Chemical composition of 206 SMC red giants (Mucciarelli+ 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Cluster Cluster name
9- 12 I4 --- ID Star ID
14- 23 F10.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
25- 35 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
37- 40 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
42- 45 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg Surface gravity
47- 50 F4.2 km/s vt Micro=turbulent velocity
52- 58 F7.2 km/s RV Radial velocity
60- 63 F4.2 km/s e_RV Radial velocity error
65- 71 A7 --- Inst Spectrum instrument name
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Cluster Cluster name
9- 12 I4 --- ID Star number
14- 18 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] Abundance [Fe/H]
20- 23 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] Abundance e_[Fe/H] error
25- 29 F5.2 [-] [FeII/H] ?=- Abundance [FeII/H]
31- 34 F4.2 [-] e_[FeII/H] ? Abundance [FeII/H] error
36- 40 F5.2 [-] [Si/Fe] Abundance [Si/Fe]
42- 45 F4.2 [-] e_[Si/Fe] Abundance [Si/Fe] error
47- 51 F5.2 [-] [Ca/Fe] Abundance [Ca/Fe]
53- 56 F4.2 [-] e_[Ca/Fe] Abundance [Ca/Fe] error
58- 62 F5.2 [-] [ScII/Fe] ?=- Abundance [ScII/Fe]
64- 67 F4.2 [-] e_[ScII/Fe] ? Abundance [ScII/Fe] error
69- 73 F5.2 [-] [Ti/Fe] Abundance [Ti/Fe]
75- 78 F4.2 [-] e_[Ti/Fe] Abundance [Ti/Fe] error
80- 84 F5.2 [-] [V/Fe] Abundance [V/Fe]
86- 89 F4.2 [-] e_[V/Fe] Abundance [V/Fe] error
91- 95 F5.2 [-] [Cr/Fe] Abundance [Cr/Fe]
97-100 F4.2 [-] e_[Cr/Fe] Abundance [Cr/Fe] error
102-106 F5.2 [-] [Mn/Fe] ?=- Abundance [Mn/Fe]
108-111 F4.2 [-] e_[Mn/Fe] ? Abundance [Mn/Fe] error
113-117 F5.2 [-] [Co/Fe] Abundance [Co/Fe]
119-122 F4.2 [-] e_[Co/Fe] Abundance [Co/Fe] error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Cluster Cluster name
9- 12 I4 --- ID Star number
14- 18 F5.2 [-] [Ni/Fe] Abundance [Ni/Fe]
20- 23 F4.2 [-] e_[Ni/Fe] Abundance e_[Ni/Fe] error
25- 29 F5.2 [-] [Cu/Fe] ?=- Abundance [Cu/Fe]
31- 34 F4.2 [-] e_[Cu/Fe] ? Abundance [Cu/Fe] error
36- 40 F5.2 [-] [Zn/Fe] ?=- Abundance [Zn/Fe]
42- 45 F4.2 [-] e_[Zn/Fe] ? Abundance [Zn/Fe] error
47- 51 F5.2 [-] [Y/Fe] ?=- Abundance [Y/Fe]
53- 56 F4.2 [-] e_[Y/Fe] ? Abundance [Y/Fe] error
58- 62 F5.2 [-] [Zr/Fe] Abundance [Zr/Fe]
64- 67 F4.2 [-] e_[Zr/Fe] Abundance [Zr/Fe] error
69- 73 F5.2 [-] [BaII/Fe] Abundance [BaII/Fe]
75- 78 F4.2 [-] e_[BaII/Fe] Abundance [BaII/Fe] error
80- 84 F5.2 [-] [LaII/Fe] Abundance [LaII/Fe]
86- 89 F4.2 [-] e_[LaII/Fe] Abundance [LaII/Fe] error
91- 95 F5.2 [-] [NdII/Fe] ?=- Abundance [NdII/Fe]
97-100 F4.2 [-] e_[NdII/Fe] ? Abundance [NdII/Fe] error
102-106 F5.2 [-] [EuII/Fe] ?=- Abundance [EuII/Fe]
108-111 F4.2 [-] e_[EuII/Fe] ? Abundance [EuII/Fe] error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Cluster Cluster name
10- 14 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [Fe/H]
16- 19 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] ? Average abundance ratio of [Fe/H] error
21- 24 F4.2 [-] s_[Fe/H] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [Fe/H]
26- 30 F5.2 [-] [Si/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [Si/Fe]
32- 35 F4.2 [-] e_[Si/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [Si/Fe] error
37- 40 F4.2 [-] s_[Si/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [Si/Fe]
42- 46 F5.2 [-] [Ca/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [Ca/Fe]
48- 51 F4.2 [-] e_[Ca/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [Ca/Fe] error
53- 56 F4.2 [-] s_[Ca/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [Ca/Fe]
58- 62 F5.2 [-] [Ti/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [Ti/Fe]
64- 67 F4.2 [-] e_[Ti/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [Ti/Fe] error
69- 72 F4.2 [-] s_[Ti/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [Ti/Fe]
74- 78 F5.2 [-] [TiII/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [TiII/Fe]
80- 83 F4.2 [-] e_[TiII/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [TiII/Fe] error
85- 88 F4.2 [-] s_[TiII/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [TiII/Fe]
90- 94 F5.2 [-] [ScII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [ScII/Fe]
96- 99 F4.2 [-] e_[ScII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [ScII/Fe] error
101-104 F4.2 [-] s_[ScII/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [ScII/Fe]
106-110 F5.2 [-] [V/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [V/Fe]
112-115 F4.2 [-] e_[V/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [V/Fe] error
117-120 F4.2 [-] s_[V/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [V/Fe]
122-126 F5.2 [-] [Cr/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Cr/Fe]
128-131 F4.2 [-] e_[Cr/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Cr/Fe] error
133-136 F4.2 [-] s_[Cr/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [Cr/Fe]
138-142 F5.2 [-] [Mn/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Mn/Fe]
144-147 F4.2 [-] e_[Mn/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Mn/Fe] error
149-152 F4.2 [-] s_[Mn/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [Mn/Fe]
154-158 F5.2 [-] [Co/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Co/Fe]
160-163 F4.2 [-] e_[Co/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Co/Fe] error
165-168 F4.2 [-] s_[Co/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [Co/Fe]
170-174 F5.2 [-] [Ni/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Ni/Fe]
176-179 F4.2 [-] e_[Ni/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Ni/Fe] error
181-184 F4.2 [-] s_[Ni/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [Ni/Fe]
186-190 F5.2 [-] [Cu/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [Cu/Fe]
192-195 F4.2 [-] e_[Cu/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [Cu/Fe] error
197-200 F4.2 [-] s_[Cu/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [Cu/Fe]
202-206 F5.2 [-] [Zn/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Zn/Fe]
208-211 F4.2 [-] e_[Zn/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [Zn/Fe] error
213-216 F4.2 [-] s_[Zn/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [Zn/Fe]
218-222 F5.2 [-] [YII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [YII/Fe]
224-227 F4.2 [-] e_[YII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [YII/Fe] error
229-232 F4.2 [-] s_[YII/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [YII/Fe]
234-238 F5.2 [-] [Zr/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [Zr/Fe]
240-243 F4.2 [-] e_[Zr/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [Zr/Fe] error
245-248 F4.2 [-] s_[Zr/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [Zr/Fe]
250-254 F5.2 [-] [BaII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [BaII/Fe]
256-259 F4.2 [-] e_[BaII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [BaII/Fe] error
261-264 F4.2 [-] s_[BaII/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [BaII/Fe]
266-270 F5.2 [-] [LaII/Fe] ?=- Average abundance ratio of [LaII/Fe]
272-275 F4.2 [-] e_[LaII/Fe] ? Average abundance ratio of [LaII/Fe] error
277-280 F4.2 [-] s_[LaII/Fe] ?=- Dispersion of the mean for [LaII/Fe]
282-286 F5.2 [-] [NdII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [NdII/Fe]
288-291 F4.2 [-] e_[NdII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [NdII/Fe] error
293-296 F4.2 [-] s_[NdII/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [NdII/Fe]
298-302 F5.2 [-] [EuII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [EuII/Fe]
304-307 F4.2 [-] e_[EuII/Fe] Average abundance ratio of [EuII/Fe] error
309-312 F4.2 [-] s_[EuII/Fe] Dispersion of the mean for [EuII/Fe]
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Mucciarelli et al., Paper I, 2023A&A...671A.124M 2023A&A...671A.124M, Cat. J/A+A/671/A124
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 16-Nov-2023