J/A+A/684/A15 IGRINS III. Abundances of 50 M giants (Nandakumar+, 2024)
M giants with IGRINS. III. Abundance trends for 21 elements in the solar
neighborhood from high-resolution, near-infrared spectra.
Nandakumar G., Ryde N., Forsberg R., Montelius M., Mace G., Joensson H.,
Thorsbro B.
<Astron. Astrophys. 684, A15 (2024)>
=2024A&A...684A..15N 2024A&A...684A..15N (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, M-type ; Stars, giant ; Abundances ; Spectra, infrared ;
Milky Way
Keywords: techniques: spectroscopic - stars: abundances - stars: late-type -
Galaxy: abundance - solar neighborhood
Abstract:
In order to be able to investigate the chemical history of the entire
MilkyWay, it is imperative to also study the dust-obscured
regions, where most of the mass lies, in detail. The Galactic Center
is an example of such a region of interest to study. Due to the
intervening dust along the line-of-sight, near-infrared spectroscopic
investigations are necessary.
The aim is to demonstrate that M giants observed at high spectral
resolution in the H and K bands (1.5-2.4um) can yield useful
abundance-ratio trends versus metallicity for 21 elements. These
elements can therefore be studied also for heavily dust-obscured
regions of the Galaxy, such as the Galactic Center. The
abundance-ratio trends will be important for the further investigation
of the Galactic chemical evolution in these regions.
We have observed near-infrared spectra of 50 M giants in the solar
neighbourhood at high signal-to-noise and at a high spectral
resolution with the IGRINS spectrometer on the GEMINI South telescope.
The full H and K bands are recorded simultaneously at R=45000. We
adopted the fundamental stellar parameters for these stars from
Nandakumar et al. (2023A&A...675A..23N 2023A&A...675A..23N, Cat. J/A+A/675/A23), with Teff
ranging from 3400 to 3800K. With a manual spectral synthesis method,
we have derived stellar abundances for 21 atomic elements, namely F,
Mg, Si, S, Ca, Na, Al, K, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Ce,
Nd, and Yb.We have systematically studied useful spectral lines of all
these elements in the H and K bands.
We demonstrate what elements can be analysed from H- and K-band
high-resolution spectra, and we show which spectral lines can be used
for an abundance analysis, showing them line by line.We discuss the 21
abundance-ratio trends and compared them with those determined from
APOGEE and from the optical GILD sample. Especially, the trends of the
heavy elements Cu, Zn, Y, Ce, Nd, and Yb are possible to retrieve from
high-resolution H- and K-band spectra. This opens up these
nucleosynthetic channels, including both the s- and the r-process, in
dust-obscured populations. The [Mn/Fe] versus [Fe/H] trend is shown to
be more or less flat at low metallicities, implying that existing NLTE
correction are relevant.
With high-resolution, near-infrared spectra it is possible to
determine reliable abundance-ratio trends versus metallicity for 21
elements, including elements formed in several different
nucleosynthetic channels. The important neutron-capture elements, both
s- and r-dominated elements, are doable. This opens up the possibility
to study the chemical evolution in detail also in dustobscured region
of the Milky Way, such as the Galactic Center. M giants are useful
bright probes for these regions and for future studies of
extra-galactic stellar populations. A careful analysis of high quality
spectra is needed to retrieve all these elements, often from weak and
blended lines. A spectral resolution of R∼40000 is a further quality
which helps in deriving precise abundances for this range of elements.
In comparison to APOGEE, we can readily obtain the abundances for Cu,
Ce, Nd and Yb from the H-band, which demonstrates an advantage of
analysing high-resolution spectra
Description:
We present the line-by-line and mean abundances of 21 elements
measured from the infrared H- and K- bands for 50 M giants in the
solar neighbourhood. The spectra were obtained with the spectrograph
IGRINS at GEMINI South telescope. The spectra have R=45000. The S/N of
the spectra is generally high, with the majority of them having values
above 100.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
stars.dat 66 50 List of studied stars
table_f.dat 67 50 Line-by-line Fluorine abundances and mean [F/Fe]
table_na.dat 57 50 Line-by-line Sodium abundances and mean [Na/Fe]
table_mg.dat 46 50 Line-by-line Magnesium abundances and mean [Mg/Fe]
table_al.dat 72 50 Line-by-line Aluminium abundances and mean [Al/Fe]
table_si.dat 48 50 Line-by-line Silicon abundances and mean [Si/Fe]
table_s.dat 36 50 Line-by-line Sulfur abundances and mean [S/Fe]
table_k.dat 39 50 Line-by-line Potassium abundances and mean [K/Fe]
table_ca.dat 91 50 Line-by-line Calcium abundances and mean [Ca/Fe]
table_sc.dat 45 50 Line-by-line Scandium abundances and mean [Sc/Fe]
table_ti.dat 36 50 Line-by-line Titanium abundances and mean [Ti/Fe]
table_v.dat 25 50 Vanadium abundances
table_cr.dat 46 50 Line-by-line Chromium abundances and mean [Cr/Fe]
table_mn.dat 39 50 Line-by-line Manganese abundances and mean [Mn/Fe]
table_co.dat 25 50 Cobalt abundances
table_ni.dat 100 50 Line-by-line Nickel abundances and mean [Ni/Fe]
table_cu.dat 39 50 Line-by-line Copper abundances and mean [Cu/Fe]
table_zn.dat 24 50 Zinc abundances
table_y.dat 38 50 Line-by-line Yttrium abundances and mean [Y/Fe]
table_ce.dat 53 50 Line-by-line Cerium abundances and mean [Ce/Fe]
table_nd.dat 45 50 Line-by-line Neodymium abundances and mean [Nd/Fe]
table_yb.dat 24 50 Ytterbium abundances
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See also:
J/A+A/675/A23 : IGRINS. M giant abundances (Nandakumar+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 21 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
23- 24 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
26- 30 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
32 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
33- 34 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
36- 37 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
39- 42 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
44- 66 A23 --- SName Simbad name
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_f.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] AF22699.49 ?=-9.99 F abundance from 22699.49Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] AF22714.59 ?=-9.99 F abundance from 22714.59Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] AF22778.25 ?=-9.99 F abundance from 22778.25Å line
42- 46 F5.2 [-] AF22826.86 ?=-9.99 F abundance from 22826.86Å line
49- 53 F5.2 [-] AF22886.73 F abundance from 22886.73Å line
56- 60 F5.2 [-] AF22957.94 F abundance from 22957.94Å line
63- 67 F5.2 [-] [F/Fe] Mean F abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_na.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] ANa16373.87 ?=-9.99 Na abundance from 16373.87Å line
26- 30 F5.2 [-] ANa16388.85 ?=-9.99 Na abundance from 16388.85Å line
33- 37 F5.2 [-] ANa22056.43 ?=-9.99 Na abundance from 22056.43Å line
40- 44 F5.2 [-] ANa22083.66 ?=-9.99 Na abundance from 22083.66Å line
47- 51 F5.2 [-] ANa23379.14 ?=-9.99 Na abundance from 23379.14Å line
53- 57 F5.2 [-] [Na/Fe] ?=-9.99 Mean Na abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_mg.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] AMg21059.76 Mg abundance from 21059.76Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] AMg21060.89 Mg abundance from 21060.89Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] AMg21458.87 Mg abundance from 21458.87Å line
42- 46 F5.2 [-] [Mg/Fe] Mean Mg abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_al.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] AAl16718.97 Al abundance from 16718.97Å line
26- 30 F5.2 [-] AAl16750.60 Al abundance from 16750.60Å line
33- 37 F5.2 [-] AAl16763.37 Al abundance from 16763.37Å line
40- 44 F5.2 [-] AAl17699.05 ?=-9.99 Al abundance from 17699.05Å line
47- 51 F5.2 [-] AAl21093.08 Al abundance from 21093.08Å line
54- 58 F5.2 [-] AAl21163.80 Al abundance from 21163.80Å line
61- 65 F5.2 [-] AAl21208.18 Al abundance from 21208.18Å line
68- 72 F5.2 [-] [Al/Fe] Mean Al abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_si.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] ASi16434.93 Si abundance from 16434.93Å line
26- 30 F5.2 [-] ASi20804.20 ?=-9.99 Si abundance from 20804.20Å line
32- 36 F5.2 [-] ASi20890.37 ?=-9.99 Si abundance from 20890.37Å line
38- 42 F5.2 [-] ASi20926.14 ?=-9.99 Si abundance from 20926.14Å line
44- 48 F5.2 [-] [Si/Fe] Mean Si abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_s.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] AS15478.48 ?=-9.99 S abundance from 15478.48Å line
26- 30 F5.2 [-] AS22507.60 ?=-9.99 S abundance from 22507.60Å line
32- 36 F5.2 [-] [S/Fe] ?=-9.99 Mean S abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_k.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] AK15163.09 ?=-9.99 K abundance from 15163.09Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] AK15168.40 ?=-9.99 K abundance from 15168.40Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] [K/Fe] ?=-9.99 Mean K abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_ca.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] ACa16150.76 Ca abundance from 16150.76Å line
26- 30 F5.2 [-] ACa16155.24 Ca abundance from 16155.24Å line
32- 36 F5.2 [-] ACa16157.36 Ca abundance from 16157.36Å line
38- 42 F5.2 [-] ACa20962.57 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 20962.57Å line
44- 48 F5.2 [-] ACa20972.53 Ca abundance from 20972.53Å line
50- 54 F5.2 [-] ACa21113.90 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 21113.90Å line
56- 60 F5.2 [-] ACa22607.94 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 22607.94Å line
62- 66 F5.2 [-] ACa22624.96 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 22624.96Å line
68- 72 F5.2 [-] ACa22626.72 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 22626.72Å line
75- 79 F5.2 [-] ACa22651.18 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 22651.18Å line
81- 85 F5.2 [-] ACa22653.58 ?=-9.99 Ca abundance from 22653.58Å line
87- 91 F5.2 [-] [Ca/Fe] Mean Ca abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_sc.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] ASc21730.36 ?=-9.99 Sc abundance from 21730.36Å line
27- 31 F5.2 [-] ASc21812.24 ?=-9.99 Sc abundance from 21812.24Å line
34- 38 F5.2 [-] ASc21842.70 ?=-9.99 Sc abundance from 21842.70Å line
41- 45 F5.2 [-] [Sc/Fe] Mean Sc abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_ti.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] ATi16330.54 Ti abundance from 16330.54Å line
26- 30 F5.2 [-] ATi21149.62 Ti abundance from 21149.62Å line
32- 36 F5.2 [-] [Ti/Fe] Mean Ti abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_v.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] AV15924.81 V abundance from 15924.81Å line
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_cr.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] ACr15680.06 Cr abundance from 15680.06Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] ACr15860.21 ?=-9.99 Cr abundance from 15860.21Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] ACr17708.73 ?=-9.99 Cr abundance from 17708.73Å line
42- 46 F5.2 [-] [Cr/Fe] Mean Cr abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_mn.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] AMn15217.74 Mn abundance from 15217.74Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] AMn15262.49 ?=-9.99 Mn abundance from 15262.49Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] [Mn/Fe] Mean Mn abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_co.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] ACo16757.64 Co abundance from 16757.64Å line
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_ni.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] ANi16310.50 Ni abundance from 16310.50Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] ANi16363.09 Ni abundance from 16363.09Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] ANi16815.46 Ni abundance from 16815.46Å line
42- 46 F5.2 [-] ANi16818.74 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 16818.74Å line
49- 53 F5.2 [-] ANi16867.28 Ni abundance from 16867.28Å line
55- 59 F5.2 [-] ANi17306.52 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 17306.52Å line
61- 65 F5.2 [-] ANi20957.14 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 20957.14Å line
68- 72 F5.2 [-] ANi21167.93 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 21167.93Å line
75- 79 F5.2 [-] ANi21570.06 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 21570.06Å line
82- 86 F5.2 [-] ANi21945.50 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 21945.50Å line
89- 93 F5.2 [-] ANi22596.93 ?=-9.99 Ni abundance from 22596.93Å line
96-100 F5.2 [-] [Ni/Fe] Mean Ni abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_cu.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] ACu16005.64 ?=-9.99 Cu abundance from 16005.64Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] ACu16638.98 ?=-9.99 Cu abundance from 16638.98Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] [Cu/Fe] ?=-9.99 Mean Cu abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_zn.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] AZn16505.18 ?=-9.99 Zn abundance from 16505.18Å line
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_y.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] AY21260.45 Y abundance from 21260.45Å line
27- 31 F5.2 [-] AY22543.84 Y abundance from 22543.84Å line
34- 38 F5.2 [-] [Y/Fe] Mean Y abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_ce.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] ACe15277.65 ?=-9.99 Ce abundance from 15277.65Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] ACe15829.83 ?=-9.99 Ce abundance from 15829.83Å line
35- 39 F5.2 [-] ACe15977.12 Ce abundance from 15977.12Å line
42- 46 F5.2 [-] ACe16595.18 Ce abundance from 16595.18Å line
49- 53 F5.2 [-] [Ce/Fe] Mean Ce abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_nd.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
21- 25 F5.2 [-] ANd15368.14 Nd abundance from 15368.14Å line
28- 32 F5.2 [-] ANd16053.63 ?=-9.99 Nd abundance from 16053.63Å line
34- 38 F5.2 [-] ANd16262.04 Nd abundance from 16262.04Å line
41- 45 F5.2 [-] [Nd/Fe] Mean Nd abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table_yb.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 18 A18 --- Star Name (HD, HIP, 2M)
20- 24 F5.2 [-] AYb16498.40 ?=-9.99 Yb abundance from 16498.40Å line
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Acknowledgements:
Govind Nandakumar, govind.iist(at)gmail.com
References:
Nandakumar et al., Paper I 2023A&A...675A..23N 2023A&A...675A..23N, Cat. J/A+A/675/A23
Nandakumar et al., Paper II 2023A&A...676A..79N 2023A&A...676A..79N
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 09-Jan-2024