J/A+A/685/A83 Members for 41 open clusters (Gutierrez Albarran+, 2024)
The Gaia-ESO Survey:
Calibrating the lithium-age relation with open clusters and associations.
II. Expanded cluster sample and final membership selection.
Gutierrez Albarran M.L., Montes D., Tabernero H.M., Gonzalez Hernandez J.I.,
Marfil E., Frasca A., Lanzafame A.C., Klutsch A., Franciosini E.,
Randich S., Smiljanic R., Korn A.J., Gilmore G., Alfaro E.J., Bensby T.,
Biazzo K., Casey A., Carraro G., Damiani F., Feltzing S., Francois P.,
Jimenez Esteban F., Magrini L., Morbidelli L., Prisinzano L., Prusti T.,
Worley C., Zaggia S., GES builders
<Astron. Astrophys. 685, A83 (2024)>
=2024A&A...685A..83G 2024A&A...685A..83G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; Clusters, open ; Populations, stellar ; Optical
Keywords: techniques: spectroscopic - stars: abundances - stars: activity -
stars: late-type - stars: rotation - galaxies: clusters: general
Abstract:
The Li abundance observed in pre-main sequence and main sequence
late-type stars is strongly age-dependent, but also shows a complex
pattern depending on several parameters, such as rotation,
chromospheric activity, and metallicity. The best way to calibrate
these effects, and with the aim of studying Li as an age indicator for
FGK stars, is to calibrate coeval groups of stars, such as open
clusters (OCs) and associations.
We present a considerable target sample of 42 OCs and associations
- with an age range from 1Myr to 5Gyr - observed within the
Gaia-ESO survey (GES), and using the latest data provided by GES iDR6
and the most recent release of Gaia that was then available, EDR3. As
part of this study, we update and improve the membership analysis for
all 20 OCs presented in our previous article.
We perform detailed membership analyses for all target clusters to
identify likely candidates, using all available parameters provided by
GES, complemented with detailed bibliographical searches, and based on
numerous criteria: from radial velocity distributions, to the
astrometry (proper motions and parallaxes) and photometry provided by
Gaia, to gravity indicators (logg and the gamma index), [Fe/H]
metallicity, and Li content in diagrams of EW(Li) (Li equivalent
widths) versus Teff.
We obtain updated lists of cluster members for the whole target
sample, as well as a selection of Li-rich giant contaminants obtained
as an additional result of the membership process. Each selection of
cluster candidates was thoroughly contrasted with numerous existing
membership studies using data from Gaia to ensure the most robust
results.
These final cluster selections will be used in the third and last
paper of this series, which reports the results of a comparative study
characterising the observable Li dispersion in each cluster and
analysing its dependence on several parameters, allowing us to
calibrate a Li-age relation and obtain a series of empirical Li
envelopes for key ages in our sample.
Description:
This work is a large-scale project, which we started in Paper I
(Gutierrez Albarran et al., 2020A&A...643A..71G 2020A&A...643A..71G, Cat. J/A+A/645/A71)
and concluded in Paper III (Gutierrez Albarran et al., in prep.), with
the main objective of studying Li as an age indicator and calibrating
a Li-age relation for PMS, ZAMS, and early MS FGK late-type stars.
With a considerably expanded sample of 42 OCs spanning a wide age
range from 1-3Myr to 4-4.5Gyr, in the present work we made use of the
most recent available GES-derived data provided by iDR6, as well as of
the high-precision data provided by Gaia EDR3, in order to conduct a
thorough membership analysis and obtain updated and expanded
selections of candidates for all target clusters.
Data for 41 clusters.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
clusters.dat 44 41 List of studied clusters
tablec1.dat 228 28040 GES parameters
tablec2.dat 201 28040 Gaia parameters and Prot
tablec3.dat 106 28034 Membership analysis criteria and final cluster
selections
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/A+A/643/A71 : Members for 20 open clusters (Gutierrez Albarran+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: clusters.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Cluster [1/41] Cluster number
4- 16 A13 --- Name Cluster name
17- 18 I2 h RAh Simbad right ascension (J2000)
20- 21 I2 min RAm Simbad right ascension (J2000)
23- 27 F5.2 s RAs Simbad right ascension (J2000)
29 A1 --- DE- Simbad declination sign (J2000)
30- 31 I2 deg DEd Simbad declination (J2000)
33- 34 I2 arcmin DEm Simbad declination (J2000)
36- 39 F4.1 arcsec DEs Simbad declination (J2000)
41- 44 I4 --- N Number of sources in the cluster
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- No [1/41] Cluster number (No)
4- 19 A16 --- CNAME GES object name from coordinates (CNAME)
21- 22 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000) (RAh)
24- 25 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000) (RAm)
27- 31 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000) (RAs)
33 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000) (DE-)
34- 35 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000) (DEd)
37- 38 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000) (DEm)
40- 43 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000) (DEs)
45- 55 F11.6 km/s RV ?=- Radial velocity (RV)
57- 60 F4.2 km/s e_RV ?=- Radial velocity error (e_RV)
62 A1 --- l_vsini Limit flag on vsini (l_vsini)
64- 69 F6.2 km/s vsini ?=- Rotational velocity (vsini)
71- 75 F5.2 km/s e_vsini ?=- Rotational velocity error (e_vsini)
77- 80 I4 K Teff ?=- Effective temperature (TEFF)
82- 85 I4 K e_Teff ?=- Effective temperature error (E_TEFF)
87- 90 I4 K TeffIRFM ?=- Infrared photometric temperature
(TEFF_IRFM) (1)
92- 94 I3 K e_TeffIRFM ?=- Infrared photometric temperature error
(ETEFFIRFM) (1)
96-100 F5.2 [cm/s2] logg ?=- Surface gravity (LOGG) (2)
102-105 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_logg ?=- Surface gravity error (E_LOGG) (2)
107-111 F5.3 --- gamma ?=- Gamma index (GAMMA) (3)
113-124 E12.6 --- e_gamma ?=- Gamma index error (E_GAMMA) (3)
126-130 F5.2 --- [Fe/H] ?=- Metallicity (FEH)
132-135 F4.2 --- e_[Fe/H] ?=- Metallicity error (E_FEH)
137 A1 --- l_EWcLi Limit flag on EWCLi (lEWCLI)
139-141 I3 0.1pm EWcLi ?=- Blends-corrected Li equivalent width
(EWC_LI)
143-144 I2 0.1pm e_EWcLi ?=- Blends-corrected Li equivalent width
error (EEWCLI)
146 I1 --- f_EWcLi [1/3]?=- Flag for EWcLi (LIMEWCLI) (4)
148 A1 --- l_EWLiunv Flag on EWLiunveil (lEWLI_UNVEIL)
150-153 I4 0.1pm EWLiunv ?=- Primarily-used veiling-corrected Li
equivalent width (EWLIUNVEIL)
155-157 I3 0.1pm e_EWLiunv ?=- Primarily-used veiling-corrected Li
equivalent width error (EEWLI_UNVEIL)
159 I1 --- f_EWLiunv [0/3]?=- Flag for EWLiunv
(LIMEWLI_UNVEIL) (4)
161 A1 --- l_Li1 Limit flag on Li1 (l_LI1)
163-171 F9.6 --- Li1 ?=- Neutral Li abundance in log(X) (LI1)
173-180 F8.6 --- e_Li1 ?=- Neutral Li abundance error in log(X)
(E_LI1)
182 I1 --- f_Li1 [0/1]?=- Flag for Li1 (LIM_LI1)
183 I1 --- n_Li1 [0/1]?=- Upper combined Li1 flag
(UPPERCOMBINEDLI1)
184-189 F6.2 0.1nm EWHaAcc ?=- Halpha equivalent width accretion
(EWHAACC)
191-194 F4.2 0.1nm e_EWHaAcc ?=- Halpha equivalent width accretion error
(EEWHA_ACC)
196-201 F6.2 km/s Ha10 ?=- Width of the Halpha emission line at 10%
peak intensity (HA10)
203-208 F6.2 km/s e_Ha10 ?=- Width of the Halpha emission line at 10%
peak intensity error (E_HA10)
210-219 F10.6 0.1nm EWHachr ?=- Halpha chromospheric activity
(EWHACHR)
221-225 F5.3 0.1nm e_EWHachr ?=- Halpha chromospheric activity error
(EEWHA_CHR)
226 I1 --- GID [1]?=- Only for cluster No 1, for
18044593-2427191 source (GroupID)
228 I1 --- GSize [4]?=- Only for cluster No 1, for
18044593-2427191 source (GroupSize)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Primarily measured for young clusters.
Note (2): Used in this work for intermediate-age and old clusters.
Note (3): The empirical gravity indicator defined by Damiani et al.
(2014A&A...566A..50D 2014A&A...566A..50D), used in the case of the young clusters.
Note (4): Flags are follows:
0 = no flag necessary
1 = EW(Li) corrected by blends contribution using models
2 = EW(Li) measured separately, Li line resolved, UVES only
3 = Upper limit, no error for EW(Li) is given
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- No [1/41] Cluster number (No)
4- 19 A16 --- CNAME GES object name from coordinates (CNAME)
21- 28 F8.4 mas plx ?=- Parallax (parallax)
30- 37 F8.4 mas e_plx ?=- Error in parallax (parallax_error)
39- 49 F11.6 mas/yr pmRA ?=- Proper motion along RA, pmRA*cosDE (pmra)
51- 55 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA ?=- Error in proper motion along RA
(pmra_error)
57- 67 F11.6 mas/yr pmDE ?=- Proper motion along DE (pmdec)
69- 73 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE ?=- Error in proper motion along DE
(pmdec_error)
75- 80 F6.3 --- RUWE ?=- Renormalized unit weight error (ruwe)
82- 90 F9.6 mag Gmag ?=- G magnitude (photgmean_mag)
92- 99 F8.6 mag e_Gmag ?=- Error on G magnitude
(photgmeanmagerror)
101-109 F9.6 mag BPmag ?=- GBP magnitude (photbpmean_mag)
111-118 F8.6 mag e_BPmag ?=- Error on GBP magnitude
(photbpmeanmagerror)
120-128 F9.6 mag RPmag ?=- GRP magnitude (photrpmean_mag)
130-137 F8.6 mag e_RPmag ?=- Error on GRP magnitude
(photrpmeanmagerror)
139-147 F9.6 mag BP-RP ?=- Obtained BR-RP colour index (bp_rp)
149-158 F10.6 mag GMAG ?=- Obtained absolute G magnitude (Mg)
160-167 F8.5 d Prot1 ?=- Rotational period
169-170 I2 --- r_Prot1 [1/16]? Refernce for Prot1 (1)
172-176 F5.2 d Prot2 ?=- Rotational period
178-179 I2 --- r_Prot2 [1/16]? Refernce for Prot2 (1)
181-185 F5.2 d Prot3 ?=- Rotational period
187-188 I2 --- r_Prot3 [1/16]? Refernce for Prot3 (1)
190-194 F5.2 d Prot4 ?=- Rotational period
196-197 I2 --- r_Prot4 [1/16]? Refernce for Prot4 (1)
199 I1 --- GID [1]?=- Only for cluster No 1, for
18044593-2427191 source (GroupID)
201 I1 --- GSize [4]?=- Only for cluster No 1, for
18044593-2427191 source(GroupSize)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): References as follows:
1 = Henderson et al., 2012ApJ...747...51H 2012ApJ...747...51H, Cat. J/ApJ/747/51, Cluster 1
2 = Rebull et al., 2018AJ....155..196R 2018AJ....155..196R, Cat. J/AJ/155/196, Cluster 2
3 = Nardiello et al., 2020MNRAS.495.4924N 2020MNRAS.495.4924N, Cat. J/MNRAS/495/4924, Cluster 4
4 = Makidon et al., 2004AJ....127.2228M 2004AJ....127.2228M, Cat. J/AJ/127/2228, Cluster 6
5 = Lamm et al., 2005A&A...430.1005L 2005A&A...430.1005L, cat. J/A+A/430/1005, Cluster 6
6 = Affer et al., 2013MNRAS.430.1433A 2013MNRAS.430.1433A, Cat. J/MNRAS/430/1433, Cluster 6
7 = Jackson et al., 2016A&A...586A..52J 2016A&A...586A..52J, Cat. J/A+A/585/A52, Cluster 6
8 = Nardiello et al., 2020MNRAS.495.4924N 2020MNRAS.495.4924N, Cat. J/MNRAS/495/4924, Cluster 9
9 = Irwin et al., 2008, Cluster 11
10 = Jackson et al., 2016A&A...586A..52J 2016A&A...586A..52J, Cat. J/A+a/585/A52, Cluster 11
11 = Messsina et al., 2011A&A...532A..10M 2011A&A...532A..10M, Cat. J/A+A/532/A10, Cluster 12
12 = Irwin et al., 2007MNRAS.377..741I 2007MNRAS.377..741I, Cat. J/MNRAS/377/741, Cluster 20
13 = Wright et al., 2011ApJ...743...48W 2011ApJ...743...48W, Cat. J/ApJ/743/48, Cluster 20
14 = Jackson et al., 2016A&A...591A..37J 2016A&A...591A..37J, Cat. J/A+A/591/A37, Cluster 20
15 = Fritzewski et al., 2020A&A...641A..51F 2020A&A...641A..51F, Cat. J/A+A/641/A51, Cluster 20
16 = Fritzewski et al., 2021A&A...652A..60F 2021A&A...652A..60F, Cat. J/A+A/652/A60, Cluster 26
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- No [1/41] Cluster number (No)
4- 19 A16 --- CNAME GES object name from coordinates
21 A1 --- Gamma [NY-] Membership: gamma index (young clusters)
(not for clusters 11, 15-41)
23 A1 --- RV [ABNY-] Membership: RV
(not for clusters 11, 15)
25 A1 --- PM [NY-] Membership: Proper motions
(not for clusters 11, 15, 31)
27 A1 --- Plx [ABNY-] Membership: Parallax
(not for clusters 11, 15)
28 A1 --- Plx2 [NY] Second Membership: Parallax
(only for cluster 6)
30 A1 --- CMD [NY-] Membership: CMD
(not for clusters 11, 15)
32 A1 --- logg [NY-] Membership: logg (intermediate-age and
old clusters) (not for clusters 1-8, 10-15)
34 A1 --- Met [NY-] Membership: [Fe/H] metallicity
(not for cluster 9, 11, 15)
36- 37 A2 --- Li [NY? -] Membership: EW(Li)
(not for clusters 11, 15)
39- 41 A3 --- CG18 [ABNYy- 0.5] Members from Cantat Gaudin et al.
(2018A&A...618A..93C 2018A&A...618A..93C, Cat. J/A+A/618/A93)
(not for clusters 1, 2, 4, 9. 17, 30, 35, 41)
43 A1 --- R18 [ABNY-] Members from Randich et al.
(2022A&A...666A.121R 2022A&A...666A.121R, Cat. J/A+A/666/A121)
(not for clusters 1-10, 16-19, 21-27, 29-41)
45- 53 F9.6 --- J21MEM3D ?=- Members from Jackson et al.
(2022MNRAS.509.1664J 2022MNRAS.509.1664J)
(for A component in cluster 15)
(not for clusters 3, 29, 36) (1)
55- 63 F9.6 --- J21MEMQG ?=- Members from Jackson et al.
(2022MNRAS.509.1664J 2022MNRAS.509.1664J)
(for A component in cluster 15)
(not for clusters 3, 29, 36) (2)
65- 73 F9.6 --- J21BMEM3D ?=- Members from Jackson et al.
(2022MNRAS.509.1664J 2022MNRAS.509.1664J), B component
(only for cluster 15)
75- 83 F9.6 --- J21BMEMQG ?=- Members from Jackson et al.
(2022MNRAS.509.1664J 2022MNRAS.509.1664J), B component
(only for cluster 15)
84 A1 --- Final [ABNYn-] Final candidate members
86-100 A15 --- Pcases Final column listing particular cases
(not for clusters 18,19,24,29) (3)
102 A1 --- S15 [AB-] Members from Sacco et al.
(2015A&A...574L...7S 2015A&A...574L...7S, Cat. J/A+A/574/L7)
(only for cluster 11)
104 A1 --- S17 [AY-] Members from Spina et al.
(2017A&A...601A..70S 2017A&A...601A..70S, Cat. J/A+A/501/A70)
(only for clusters 11 et 15)
106 A1 --- S14 [AB] Members from Silaj et al.
(2014A&A...566A.132S 2014A&A...566A.132S, Cat. J/A+A/566/A132)
(only for cluster 15)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): MEM3D refers to the membership using the full data set.
Note (2): MEMQC refers to the probability computed using data set filtered to
remove targets with suspect Gaia data.
Note (3): Particular cases include the Li-rich giant outliers
(listed as 'Li-rich G'), strong accretors ('Strong accretor'), and the
SB1 and SB2 binary stars ('SB1' and 'SB2') listed by GES iDR6 and
Merle et al. (2017A&A...608A..95M 2017A&A...608A..95M) and Merle et al. (2020A&A...635A.155M 2020A&A...635A.155M).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Marta L. Gutierrez Albarran, mlgutierrez(at)ucm.es
References:
Gutierrez Albarran et al., 2020A&A...643A..71G 2020A&A...643A..71G, Cat. J/A+A/645/A71
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 07-Feb-2024