J/A+A/686/A43 LOFAR-eFEDS value-added catalogue (Igo+, 2024)
The LOFAR - eFEDS survey:
The incidence of radio and X-ray AGN and the disk-jet connection.
Igo Z., Merloni A., Hoang D., Buchner J., Liu T., Salvato M., Arcodia R.,
Bellstedt S., Bruggen M., Croston J.H., de Gasperin F., Georgakakis A.,
Hardcastle M.J., Nandra K., Ni Q., Pasini T., Shimwell T., Wolf J.
<Astron. Astrophys. 686, A43 (2024)>
=2024A&A...686A..43I 2024A&A...686A..43I (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources ; Photometry, SDSS ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: galaxies: active - galaxies: jets
Abstract:
Radio jets are present in a diverse sample of AGN. However, the
mechanisms of jet powering are not fully understood, and it remains
unclear to what extent they obey mass-invariant scaling relations
similar to those found for the triggering and fuelling of
X-ray-selected AGN.
We use the multi-wavelength data in the eFEDS field observed by
eROSITA/Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) and LOFAR to study the incidence
of X-ray and radio AGN as a function of several stellar mass
(M*)-normalised AGN power indicators.
From the LOFAR-eFEDS survey, we defined a new sample of radio AGN,
with optical counterparts from Legacy Survey DR9, according to a
radio-excess relative to their host star formation rate. We further
divided the sample into compact and complex radio morphologies. In
this work, we used the subset matching to the well-characterised,
highly complete spectroscopic GAMA09 galaxies (0<z<0.4).
We release this value-added LOFAR-eFEDS catalogue. We calculated
the fraction of GAMA09 galaxies hosting radio, X-ray, and both radio
and X-ray AGN as functions of the specific black hole kinetic
(lambdaJet) and radiative (lambdaEdd) power.
Despite the soft-X-ray eROSITA-selected sample, the incidence of X-ray
AGN as a function of lambdaEdd shows the same mass-invariance and
power law slope (-0.65) as that found in previous studies once
corrected for completeness. Across the M* range probed, the incidence
of compact radio AGN as a function of lambdaJet is described by a
power law with constant slope, showing that it is not only high mass
galaxies hosting high power jets and vice versa. This slope is steeper
than that of the X-ray incidence, which has a value of around ∼1.5.
Furthermore, higher-mass galaxies are more likely to host radio AGN
across the lambdaJet range, indicating some residual mass dependence
of jet powering. Upon adding complex radio morphologies, including 34
FRIIs, three of which are giant radio galaxies, the incidence not only
shows a larger mass dependence but also a jet power dependence, being
clearly boosted at high lambdaJet values. Importantly, the latter
effect cannot be explained by such radio AGN residing in more dense
environments (or more massive dark matter haloes). The similarity in
the incidence of quiescent and star-forming radio AGN reveals that
radio AGN are not only found in "red and dead" galaxies. Overall,
our incidence analysis reveals some fundamental statistical properties
of radio AGN samples, but highlights open questions regarding the use
of a single radio luminosity-jet power conversion. We explore how
different mass and accretion rate dependencies of the incidence can
explain the observed results for varying disk-jet coupling models.
Description:
The LOFAR-eFEDS value added catalogue contains the 36631 LOFAR 144MHz
detected radio sources in the eROSITA/eFEDS field (only 'inArea90',
i.e. where the vignetted exposure time exceeds 500s). Legacy Survey
DR9 optical counterparts are available, as well as host galaxy
information from the GAMA09 survey (e.g. spectroscopic redshift,
stellar mass, star formation rate) for those sources with counterparts
in these catalogues. All (mass-complete) radio AGN in the GAMA09 field
(flagged as 'G9_radioAGN') have been visually inspected to verify
their counterpart association and their radio morphology. This
subsample forms the basis of the work in the paper.
'FRII_flag' can be used to identify sources with FRII morphology;
'GRG_flag' can be used to identify giant radio galaxies.
'G9radioXraysources' mark the subset of radio sources which also
have an eROSITA/eFEDS X-ray counterpart. For further information, see
Appendix A of the paper.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 377 36631 LOFAR-eFEDS value-added catalogue
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See also:
J/MNRAS/474/3875 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): DR3 (Baldry+, 2018)
J/A+A/598/A104 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (Shimwell+, 2017)
J/A+A/622/A1 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey DR1 source catalog
(Shimwell+, 2019)
J/A+A/648/A2 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields DR1 (Sabater+, 2021)
J/A+A/648/A3 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields DR1
(Kondapally+, 2021)
J/A+A/659/A1 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) DR2 (Shimwell+, 2022)
J/A+A/674/A119 : LoTTS Deep Fields ELAIS-N1 (Snidaric+, 2023)
J/A+A/661/A1 : The eFEDS X-ray catalogs (V7.4) (Brunner+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 I5 --- LOFAR LOFAR unique number that identifies the
source (LOFARSourceid)
7- 15 F9.5 deg RAdeg LOFAR Right ascension of the source (J2000)
(for the equinox of the image) (LOFAR_RA)
17- 25 F9.5 deg DEdeg LOFAR Declination of the source (J2000)
(for the equinox of the image) (LOFAR_DEC)
27- 38 F12.8 Jy Ftot LOFAR Total, integrated Stokes I flux
density of the source at the reference
frequency 144MHz (LOFARTotalflux)
40- 50 F11.9 Jy e_Ftot 1σ error on the total flux density of
the source (LOFARETotal_flux)
52- 62 F11.6 Jy/beam Fpeak ?=- LOFAR Peak Stokes I flux density per
beam of the source at 144MHz
(LOFARPeakflux)
64- 74 F11.9 Jy/beam e_Fpeak ?=- 1σ error on the peak flux density
per beam of the source (LOFAREPeak_flux)
76- 85 F10.8 deg Maj LOFAR FWHM of the major axis of the source
(LOFAR_Maj)
87- 95 F9.6 arcsec epos LOFAR Positional error (LOFARposerr)
97 I1 --- scodeS [0/1] LOFAR Morphology Flag
(LOFARscodeSflag) (1)
99 I1 --- Fluxratio [0/1] LOFAR Morphology Flag
(LOFARfluxratioflag) (2)
101 I1 --- f_Maj [0/1] LOFAR Morphology Flag
(LOFARmajflag) (3)
103 I1 --- Isolated [0/1] LOFAR Morphology Flag
(LOFARisolatedflag) (4)
105 I1 --- Compact [0/1] LOFAR Morphology Flag
(LOFARcompactflag) (5)
107-117 A11 --- LS9 Legacy Survey DR9 Unique source identifier,
NNNNNN_NNNN (LS9UNIQUEOBJID)
119-121 A3 --- LS9Type LS9 Morphological model (LS9_TYPE)
123-131 F9.5 deg RALdeg ?=- LS9 Right ascension (J2000) (LS9_RA)
133-141 F9.5 deg DELdeg ?=- LS9 Declination (J2000) (LS9_DEC)
143-153 F11.9 arcsec ePosL ?=- LS9 Positional error (LS9poserr)
155-162 F8.4 mag g0mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened g-band magnitude
(LS9magg_dered)
164-171 F8.4 mag r0mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened r-band magnitude
(LS9magr_dered)
173-180 F8.4 mag z0mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened z-band magnitude
(LS9magz_dered)
182-189 F8.4 mag W10mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened W1-band magnitude
(LS9magW1_dered)
191-198 F8.4 mag W20mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened W2-band magnitude
(LS9magW2_dered)
200-207 F8.4 mag W30mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened W2-band magnitude
(LS9magW3_dered)
209-216 F8.4 mag W40mag ?=- LS9 De-reddened W4-band magnitude
(LS9magW4_dered)
218-226 F9.6 arcsec Sep ?=- Separation between LOFAR source and
best-match LS9 counterpart
(CTP_Separation)
228-235 F8.6 --- pi [0/1]?=- Probability for the counterpart to
be the correct one (p_i)
237-244 F8.6 --- pany [0/1]?=- Probability for a source to have
any counterpart in the search region,
optimal: pany>0.06 (p_any)
246-260 I15 --- GAMAID ?=- GAMA09 Unique GAMA ID of object,
(uberID)
262-268 I7 --- CATAID ?=- GAMA09 Unique numeric GAMA object
identifier (CATAID)
270-278 F9.5 deg RAcdeg ?=- Right Ascension of flux-weighted
centre (ICRS) (RAcen)
280-288 F9.5 deg DEcdeg ?=- Declination of flux-weighted centre
(ICRS) (Deccen)
290-296 F7.5 --- zsp ?=- Spectroscopic redshift (Z)
298-309 E12.6 Msun Mass50 ?=- Median stellar mass from MCMC chain
(StellarMass_50)
311-322 E12.6 Msun Mass16 ?=- 16th percentile stellar mass from MCMC
chain (StellarMass_16)
324-335 E12.6 Msun Mass84 ?=- 84th percentile stellar mass from MCMC
chain (StellarMass_84)
337-343 F7.3 Msun/yr SFR50 ?=- Median SFR from MCMC chain (SFR_50)
345-351 F7.3 Msun/yr SFR16 ?=- 16th percentile SFR from MCMC chain
(SFR_16)
353-359 F7.3 Msun/yr SFR84 ?=- 84th percentile SFR from MCMC chain
(SFR_84)
361 I1 --- SC [6/8]? Science sample class SC≥6 is used
her (SC)
363 I1 --- RadioAGN [0/1] 1 if LOFAR source (with SNR>5,
pany>0.06) fulfils radio-excess criterion
(radioAGN_flag)
365 I1 --- visInsp [0/1] 1 if source has been visually
inspected (vis_inspected)
367 I1 --- G9radioAGN [0/1] Final sample of mass-complete G9
radio AGN, with visual inspection results
applied (G9_radioAGN)
369-371 F3.1 --- FRII [0/1] 1, 0.5, 0: secure, likely, unlikely
FRII-morphology, respectively (FRII_flag)
373 I1 --- GRG [0/1] Giant radio galaxy flag (largest
linear size >0.7Mpc (GRG_flag)
375 I1 --- G9RXr [0/1] 1 if the LOFAR source has an X-ray
match in eROSITA eFEDS
(G9radioXraysources)
377 I1 --- Special [0/1] 1 if source required special
cross-matching and/or property estimation
(special_flag)
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Note (1): scodeS flag as follows:
1 = LOFARScode=S, i.e. fit with only a single Gaussian by PyBDSF
Note (2): Fluxratio flag as follows:
1 = LOFARTotalFlux/LOFARPeakFlux<3.6
Note (3): f_Maj flag as follows:
1 = LOFAR_Maj<19.1arcsec
Note (4): Isolated flag as follows:
1 = no nearest neighbours within 45arcsec
Note (5): Compact flag as follows:
1 = compact source; all four flags above are 1
0 = complex source
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Acknowledgements:
Zsofi Igo, zigo(at)mpe.mpg.de
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 21-Feb-2024