J/A+A/687/A250 STONKS Multi-Mission X-ray Catalog (Quintin+, 2024)
STONKS: Quasi-real time XMM-Newton transient detection system.
Quintin E., Webb N.A., Georgantopoulos I., Gupta M., Kammoun E., Michel L.,
Schwope A., Tranin H., Traulsen I.
<Astron. Astrophys. 687, A250 (2024)>
=2024A&A...687A.250Q 2024A&A...687A.250Q (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources ; Cross identifications
Keywords: methods: observational - methods: statistical -
astronomical databases: miscellaneous - catalogs - X-rays: general
Abstract:
Over recent decades, astronomy has entered the era of massive data and
real-time surveys. This is improving the study of transient objects
- although they still contain some of the most poorly understood
phenomena in astrophysics, as it is inherently more difficult to
obtain data to constrain the proposed models.
In order to help detect these objects in their brightest state and
build synergies with multi-wavelength real-time surveys, we have built
a quasi-real time automatic transient detection system for the
XMM-Newton pipeline: the Search for Transient Objects in New
detections using Known Sources (STONKS) pipeline.
STONKS detects long-term X-ray transient events by automatically
comparing new XMM-Newton detections to any available archival X-ray
data at this position, sending out an alert if the variability between
observations (defined as the ratio between the maximum flux and the
minimum flux or upper limit) is over 5. This required an initial
careful cross-correlation and flux calibration of various X-ray
catalogs from different observatories (XMM-Newton, Chandra, Swift,
ROSAT, and eROSITA). A Bayesian framework was put into place to solve
any ambiguous associations. We also systematically computed the
XMM-Newton upper limits at the position of any X-ray source covered by
the XMM-Newton observational footprint, even without any XMM-Newton
counterpart. The behavior of STONKS was then tested on all 483
observations performed with imaging mode in 2021.
Over the 2021 testing run, STONKS provided a daily alert rate of
0.7-0.5+0.7 alerts per day, about 80% of them corresponding to
serendipitous sources. Among the detected variable serendipitous
sources, there are: several highly variable active galactic nuclei
(AGNs) and flaring stars, as well as new X-ray binary and
ultra-luminous X-ray source candidates, some of which are present
here. STONKS also detected targeted tidal disruption events, ensuring
its ability to detect other serendipitous events. As a byproduct of
our method, the archival multi-instrument catalog contains about one
million X-ray sources, with 15% of them involving several catalogs and
60% of them having XMM-Newton (pointed or slew) upper limits.
STONKS demonstrates a great potential for revealing future
serendipitous transient X-ray sources, providing the community with
the ability to follow-up on these objects a few days after their
detection with the goal of obtaining a better understanding of their
nature. The underlying multi-instrument archival X-ray catalog will be
made available to the community and kept up to date with future X-ray
data releases.
Description:
This catalog contains the cross-correlation between XMM-Newton,
Chandra, Swift, ROSAT and early eROSITA catalogs, as well as
pre-computed XMM upper limits and an estimate of the long-term
variability. OM, UVOT, Simbad and GLADE+ matches are also added for
convenience. It is used in the STONKS quasi-real time XMM transient
detection system. This is a summary table, and the detection-wise
information is not available directly here. One can however directly
use the variability estimate. This catalog will be updated and
maintained with new data releases of individual X-ray catalogs and the
eROSITA data release.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 448 926753 STONKS MultiMission Xray catalog
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See also:
II/339 : Swift/UVOT Serendipitous Source Catalog (Yershov, 2015)
II/378 : XMM-OM Serendipitous Source Survey Catalogue (XMM-SUSS6.0)
(Page+, 2012)
VII/275 : GLADE catalog (Dalya+, 2016)
IX/31 : The WGACAT version of ROSAT sources (White+ 2000)
IX/45 : The Chandra Source Catalog, Release 1.1 (Evans+ 2012)
IX/53 : XMM-Newton slew survey Source Catalogue, version 2.0
(XMM-SSC, 2017)
IX/58 : 2SXPS Swift X-ray telescope point source catalogue
(Evans+, 2020)
IX/69 : XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue 4XMM-DR13
(Webb+, 2023)
J/A+A/588/A103 : Second ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source catalog
(Boller+, 2016)
J/A+A/661/A1 : The eFEDS X-ray catalogs (V7.4) (Brunner+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- MS-ID [0/926752] Identification number
8- 28 A21 --- XMM IAU Name for XMM-Newton pointed catalog,
XMMOM JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
30- 50 A21 --- Chandra IAU Name for Chandra catalog,
2CXO JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
52- 73 A22 --- Swift IAU Name for Swift/XRT catalog,
2SXPS JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
75- 96 A22 --- eRosita IAU Name for eFEDS catalog,
eFEDS JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
98-120 A23 --- Slew IAU Name for XMM-Newton slew catalog,
XMMSL2 JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
122-142 A21 --- RASS IAU Name for ROSAT survey catalog,
2RXS JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
144-155 A12 --- WGACAT IAU Name for ROSAT pointed catalog,
JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
157-178 A22 --- Stacked IAU Name for XMM-Newton stacked catalog,
4XMMs JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
180-194 F15.11 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000)
196-210 F15.11 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
212-223 E12.6 arcsec ePos Positional error
225 I1 --- inXMMMOC [0/1] Flag for being in XMM footprint
227-248 A22 --- OM IAU Name for XMM-Newton/OM catalog,
XMMOM JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
250-275 A26 --- UVOT IAU Name for Swift/UVOT catalog,
UVOTSSC1 JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS
277-284 I8 --- GLADE ?=- GLADE match identifier
286-297 F12.6 Mpc GLADE-Dist ?=- GLADE distance
299-340 A42 --- SimbadName Simbad match name
342-361 A20 --- MainType Specific type of the main Simbad match
363-369 A7 --- SimbadType General type of the main Simbad match
(Star, Galaxy, XRB, Unknown, None)
371-382 E12.6 mW/m2 HistMin ?=- Minimum 0.2-12keV flux detection
384-395 E12.6 mW/m2 HistMax ?=- Maximum 0.2-12keV flux detection
397-408 E12.6 mW/m2 LastSeenFlux ?=- Last observed 0.2-12keV flux detection
410-421 E12.6 mW/m2 e_LastSeenFlux ?=- 1 sigma Error on the last 0.2-12keV
flux detection
423-434 E12.6 mW/m2 LowUppLimit ?=- Most constraining 3 sigma 0.2-12keV
upper limit
436-448 F13.6 --- ApproxVar ?=- Estimate of the amplitude of
variability, obtained as the ratio between
HistMax and the minimum of HistMin and
LowUppLimit
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Acknowledgements:
Erwan Quintin, erwan.quintin(at)irap.omp.eu
(End) Erwan Quintin [IRAP], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 23-May-2024