J/A+A/687/A41 Atomic data in Hf, Os, and Au I-IV (Ben Nasr+, 2024)
Comparative study of kilonova opacities for three elements of the sixth period
(hafnium, osmium, and gold) from new atomic structure calculations in Hf I-IV,
Os I-IV, and Au I-IV.
Ben Nasr S., Carvajal Gallego H., Deprince J., Palmeri P., Quinet P.
<Astron. Astrophys. 687, A41 (2024)>
=2024A&A...687A..41B 2024A&A...687A..41B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Atomic physics ; Opacities
Keywords: atomic data - atomic processes - opacity
Abstract:
It is now well established that a large amount of heavy (trans-iron)
elements are produced during neutron star (NS) mergers. These elements
can be detected in the spectra of the kilonova emitted from the
post-merger ejected materials. Due to the high level densities that
characterize the complex configurations belonging to heavy elements,
thus giving rise to millions of absorption lines, the kilonova ejecta
opacity is of significant importance. The elements that contribute the
most to the latter are those with an unfilled nd subshell belonging to
the fifth and the sixth rows of the periodic table, and those with an
unfilled nf subshell belonging to the lanthanide and actinide groups.
The aim of the present work is to make a new contribution to this
field by performing large-scale atomic structure calculations in three
specific sixth-row 5d elements, namely hafnium, osmium, and gold, in
the first four charge stages (I-IV), and by computing the
corresponding opacities, while focusing on the importance of the
atomic models used.
The pseudo-relativistic Hartree-Fock (HFR) method, including
extended sets of interacting configurations, was used for the atomic
structure and radiative parameter calculations, while the expansion
formalism was used to estimate the opacities.
Theoretical energy levels, wavelengths, and oscillator strengths
were computed for millions of spectral lines in Hf I-IV, Os I-IV, and
Au I-IV ions, the reliability of these parameters being assessed
through detailed comparisons with previously published experimental
and theoretical results. The newly obtained atomic data were then used
to calculate expansion opacities for typical kilonova conditions
expected one day after the NS merger; these are a density of
rho=10-13g/cm3 and temperatures ranging from T=5000K to T=15000K.
Some agreements and differences were found when comparing our results
with available data, highlighting the importance of using sufficiently
complete atomic models for the determination of opacities.
Description:
Pseudo-relativistic Hartree-Fock (HFR) oscillator strengths for
experimentally observed radiative transitions in Hf I-IV, Os I-IV
and Au I-IV ions and comparison with previously published data.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 56 118 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Hf I
table3.dat 80 53 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Hf II
table4.dat 56 46 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Hf III
table5.dat 50 41 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Hf IV
table6.dat 68 23 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Os I
table7.dat 62 24 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Os II
table8.dat 56 73 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Os III
table9.dat 56 70 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Os IV
table10.dat 60 65 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Au I
table11.dat 68 51 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Au II
table12.dat 62 74 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Au III
table13.dat 62 44 Oscillator strengths (log gf) for experimentally
observed lines in Au IV
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 31 A14 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(prev) ? Weighted oscillator strength (3)
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Note (1): From Kramida et al., NIST Atomic Database,
2023, https://physics.nist.gov/asd
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From Duquette et al., 1986, JQSRT 35, 281
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 14 A14 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 32 A15 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weigthed oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(preva) ? Weighted oscillator strength (3)
58- 62 F5.2 --- loggf(prevb) ? Weighted oscillator strength (4)
64- 68 F5.2 --- loggf(prevc) ? Weighted oscillator strength (5)
70- 74 F5.2 --- loggf(prevd) ? Weighted oscillator strength (6)
76- 80 F5.2 --- loggf(preve) ? Weighted oscillator strength (7)
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Note (1): From Kramida et al., NIST Atomic Database,
2023, https://physics.nist.gov/asd
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From Lawler et al., 2007ApJS..169..120L 2007ApJS..169..120L
Note (4): From Lundqvist et al., 2006A&A...450..407L 2006A&A...450..407L
Note (5): From Bouazza et al., 2015, JQSRT 163, 39
Note (6): From Bouazza et al., 2015, JQSRT 163, 39
Note (7): From Den Hartog et al., 2021ApJS..255...27D 2021ApJS..255...27D
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 28 A11 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(prev) Weighted oscillator strength (1)
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Note (1): From Malcheva et al., 2009MNRAS.396.2289M 2009MNRAS.396.2289M
Note (2): Computed in the present work
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 29 A12 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
38- 44 F7.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
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Note (1): From Sugar et al., 1974, JOSA 64, 1656
Note (2): Computed in the present work
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- Lev(even) Evel level
18- 32 A15 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(preva) Weighted oscillator strength (1)
58- 62 F5.2 --- loggf(prevb) ? Weighted oscillator strength (3)
64- 68 F5.2 --- loggf(prevc) ? Weighted oscillator strength (4)
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Note (1): From Quinet et al., 2006A&A...448.1207Q 2006A&A...448.1207Q
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From Ivarsson et al., 2003A&A...409.1141I 2003A&A...409.1141I
Note (4): From Kurucz, 1993, CD-ROM No 18
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 33 A16 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(preva) Weighted oscillator strength (1)
58- 62 F5.2 --- loggf(prevb) Weighted oscillator strength (3)
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Note (1): From Quinet et al., 2006A&A...448.1207Q 2006A&A...448.1207Q
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From Ivarsson et al., 2004A&A...425..353I 2004A&A...425..353I
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 31 A14 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(prev) Weighted oscillator strength (3)
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Note (1): From Kramida et al., NIST Atomic Database,
2023, https://physics.nist.gov/asd
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From Azarov et al., 2018, ADNDT 121, 345
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 32 A15 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
38- 44 F7.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- logf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(prev) Weighted oscillator strength (1)
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Note (1): From Ryabtsev et al., 1998, Phys. Scr. 57, 82
Note (2): Computed in the present work
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 33 A16 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- logf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(prev) ? Weighted oscillator strength
58- 60 A3 --- r_loggf(prev) Reference of previously published data (3)
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Note (1): From Kramida et al., NIST Atomic Database,
2023, https://physics.nist.gov/asd
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): References as follows:
(c) = Kramida et al., NIST Atomic Database,
2023, https://physics.nist.gov/asd
(d) = McCann et al., 2022MNRAS.509.4723M 2022MNRAS.509.4723M
(e) = Zhang et al., 2018, J. Phys. B 51, 205001
(f) = Hannaford et al., 1981 J. Phys. B 14, 2321
(g) = Corliss et al., 1981 NBS Monograph 53
(h) = Gaarde et al., 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50, 209
(i) = Fivet et al., 2007 J. Elec. Spectr. Rel. Phen. 250
(j) = Desclaux et al., 1994 J. Phys. B 8, 1177
(k) = Migdalek and Baylis, 1979 JQSRT 22, 113
(l) = Migdalek and Garmulewicz, 2000 J. Phys. B 33, 1735
(m) = Safronova and Johnson, 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69, 052511
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 29 A12 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(preva) ? Weighted oscillator strength (1)
58- 62 F5.2 --- loggf(prevb) ? Weighted oscillator strength (3)
64- 68 F5.2 --- loggf(prevc) ? Weighted oscillator strength (4)
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Note (1): From Zhang et al., 2002, J. Phys. B 35, 483
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From McCann et al., 2022MNRAS.509.4723M 2022MNRAS.509.4723M
Note (4): From Biemont et al., 2007MNRAS.380.1581B 2007MNRAS.380.1581B
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table12.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 34 A17 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(preva) Weighted oscillator strength (1)
58- 62 F5.2 --- loggf(prevb) ? Weighted oscillator strength (3)
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Note (1): From Zainab and Tauheed, 2019, JQSRT 237, 106614
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): From Enzonga Yoca et al., 2008, Phys. Scr. 78, 025303
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table13.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- Lev(even) Even level
18- 34 A17 --- Lev(odd) Odd level
37- 44 F8.3 0.1nm lambda(EXP) Experimental wavelength (1)
46- 50 F5.2 --- loggf(HFR) Weighted oscillator strength (2)
52- 56 F5.2 --- loggf(preva) Weighted oscillator strength (1)
58- 62 F5.2 --- loggf(prevb) ? Weighted oscillator strength (3)
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Note (1): From Wyart et al., 1994, Phys. Scr. 50, 672
Note (2): Computed in the present work
Note (3): Reference not precised by the authors
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Acknowledgements:
Pascal Quinet, pascal.quinet(at)umons.ac.be
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 20-Jun-2024