J/A+A/688/A112 GJ 581 RVs and activity indices (von Stauffenberg+, 2024)
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs.
Revisiting the GJ 581 multi-planetary system with new Doppler measurements
from CARMENES, HARPS, and HIRES.
von Stauffenberg A., Trifonov T., Quirrenbach A., Reffert S., Kaminski A.,
Dreizler S., Ribas I., Reiners A., Kuerster M., Twicken J.D., Rapetti D.,
Caballero J.A., Amado P.J., Bejar V.J.S., Cifuentes C., Gongora S.,
Hatzes A.P., Henning T., Montes D., Morales J.C., Schweitzer A.
<Astron. Astrophys. 688, A112 (2024)>
=2024A&A...688A.112V 2024A&A...688A.112V (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Radial velocities ;
Optical ; Spectroscopy
Keywords: planetary systems -
planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability -
stars: low-mass
Abstract:
GJ 581 is a nearby M dwarf known to host a packed multiple planet
system composed of two super-Earths and a Neptunemass planet. We
present new orbital analyses of the GJ 581 system, utilizing recent
radial velocity (RV) data obtained from the CARMENES spectrograph
combined with newly reprocessed archival data from the HARPS and HIRES
spectrographs.
Our aim was to analyze the post-discovery spectroscopic data of
GJ 581, which were obtained with CARMENES. In addition, we used
publicly available HIRES and HARPS spectroscopic data to seek evidence
of the known and disputed exoplanets in this system. We aimed to
investigate the stellar activity of GJ 581 and update the planetary
system's orbital parameters using state-of-theart numerical models
and techniques.
We performed a periodogram analysis of the available precise CARMENES,
HIRES, and HARPS RVs and of stellar activity indicators.We conducted
detailed orbital analyses by testing various orbital configurations
consistent with the RV data.We studied the posterior probability
distribution of the parameters fit to the data and we explored the
long-term stability and overall orbital dynamics of the GJ 581 system.
We refined the orbital parameters of the GJ 581 system using the most
precise and complete set of Doppler data available. Consistent with
the existing literature, our analysis confirms that the system is
unequivocally composed of only three planets detectable in the present
data, dismissing the putative planet GJ 581 d as an artifact of
stellar activity. Our N-body fit reveals that the system's
inclination is i=47,0+14.6-13.0deg, which implies that the
planets could be up to 30% more massive than their previously reported
minimum masses. Furthermore, we report that the GJ 581 system exhibits
long-term stability, as indicated by the posterior probability
distribution, characterized by secular dynamical interactions without
the involvement of mean motion resonances.
Description:
Table A2 includes 250 RV measurements from the HARPS spectrograph and
its respective activity indices, for the GJ 581 multi-planetary
system.
Table A3 includes 54 RV measurements from the CARMENES spectrograph
and its respective activity indices, for the GJ 581 multi-planetary
system.
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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15 19 26.82 -07 43 20.1 GJ 581 = Karmn J15194-077
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea2.dat 134 250 HARPS Doppler measurements and activity index
measurements of GJ 581 evaluated using SERVAL
and their corresponding uncertainties
tablea3.dat 121 54 CARMENES RV measurements and activity index
measurements of GJ 581 evaluated by SERVAL and
their corresponding uncertainties
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See also:
J/A+A/507/487 : GJ 581 radial velocity curve (Mayor+, 2009)
J/ApJ/723/954 : HIRES radial velocities of GJ 581 (Vogt+, 2010)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 F11.3 JD Date Julian Date
13- 19 F7.3 m/s RV Radial Velocity
21- 25 F5.3 m/s e_RV Error in Radial Velocity
27- 31 F5.3 --- Halpha H-alpha index
33- 37 F5.3 --- e_Halpha Error in H-alpha index
39- 43 F5.3 --- NaD1 Sodium D1 index
45- 49 F5.3 --- e_NaD1 Error in Sodium D1 index
51- 55 F5.3 --- NaD2 Sodium D2 index
57- 61 F5.3 --- e_NaD2 Error in Sodium D2 index
63- 69 F7.3 --- CRX Chromatic index
71- 76 F6.3 --- e_CRX Error in chromatic index
78- 84 F7.3 --- dLW Line width variation
86- 90 F5.3 --- e_dLW Error in line width variation
92- 99 F8.3 --- FWHM Full width at half maximum
101-106 F6.3 --- e_FWHM Error in FWHM
108-113 F6.3 --- Cont Contrast
115-119 F5.3 --- e_Cont Error in contrast
121-127 F7.3 --- BIS Bisector span
130-134 F5.3 --- e_BIS Error in bisector span
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 F11.3 JD Date Julian Date
13- 19 F7.3 m/s RV Radial Velocity
21- 25 F5.3 m/s e_RV Error in Radial Velocity
27- 31 F5.3 --- Halpha H-alpha index
33- 37 F5.3 --- e_Halpha Error in H-alpha index
39- 43 F5.3 --- NaD Sodium index
45- 49 F5.3 --- e_NaD Error in Sodium index
51- 57 F7.3 --- CRX Chromatic index
59- 64 F6.3 --- e_CRX Error in chromatic index
66- 72 F7.3 --- dLW Line width variation
74- 78 F5.3 --- e_dLW Error in line width variation
80- 87 F8.3 --- FWHM Full width at half maximum
89- 94 F6.3 --- e_FWHM Error in FWHM
96-101 F6.3 --- Cont Contrast
103-107 F5.3 --- e_Cont Error in contrast
109-115 F7.3 --- BIS Bisector span
117-121 F5.3 --- e_BIS Error in bisector span
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Acknowledgements:
Antonia von Stauffenberg, antonia.vonstauffenberg(at)ucdconnect.ie,
Landessternwarte, Heidelberg
(End) Antonia von Stauffenberg [Heidelberg], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 05-Jun-2024