J/A+A/689/A196 GLOSTAR GPS. Radio source catalog (Medina+, 2024)
A global view on star formation: The GLOSTAR Galactic plane survey.
XI. Radio source catalog IV: 2°<l<28°, 36°<l<60° and |b|<1°.
Medina S.-N.X., Dzib S.A., Urquhart J.S., Yang A.Y., Brunthaler A.,
Menten K.M., Wyrowski F., Cotton W.D., Cheema A., Dokara R., Gong Y.,
Khan S., Nguyen H., Ortiz-Leon G.N., Rugel M.R., Veena V.S., Beuther H.,
Csengeri T., Pandian J.D., Roy N.
<Astron. Astrophys. 689, A196 (2024)>
=2024A&A...689A.196M 2024A&A...689A.196M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; H II regions ; Radio continuum ; Interferometry
Keywords: catalogs - ISM: H II - radio continuum: general -
radio continuum: ISM - techniques: interferometry
Abstract:
The GLObal view of the STAR formation in the Milky Way (GLOSTAR)
survey studies star formation with the Very Large Array (VLA) and the
Effelsberg 100 meter radio telescope in the Galactic plane between
-2°<l<60° and |b|<1°, and the Cygnus X region
(76°<l<83° and -1°<b<2°), with unprecedented
sensitivity in both flux density (1sigma∼50uJy/beam) and the
capability of detecting emission with angular scales in the range from
1.0" to the largest radio structures in the Galaxy on the order of a
few degrees in size.
Here, we provide a complete GLOSTAR-VLA D-configuration radio source
catalog for the part of the Galactic disk covered. A catalog for the
"pilot region" between 28°<l<36° has been published in a
previous paper and here we present the complementary catalog for the
area within 2°<l<28°, 36°<l<60° and |b|<1°.
Observations were taken with the VLA in a 4-8GHz band to image 100
square degrees of the inner Galactic disk at a reference frequency of
5.8GHz, using a total of 260 hours of telescope time. We determined
spectral indices (alpha) inside the observed band and in the
frequency range of 1.4-5.8GHz by complementing our results with
those from The HI/OH/Recombination line survey of the inner Milky Way
(THOR), which covers 1-2GHz.
The final images have an angular resolution of 18' and an average
sensitivity of 123uJy/beam. The sensitivity is better (∼60uJy/beam) in
areas free of extended emission. The complementary Galactic disk
catalog presented in this work consists of 11211 radio sources. Of
these, 1965 are known large-scale structure sources such as
star-forming region complexes, well-known supernova remnants (SNRs),
SNR candidates, or parts thereof. The remaining 9227 are discrete
individual sources. Source parameters -- namely flux densities,
sizes, spectral indices, and classifications -- are reported. We
identify 769 HII region candidates, 359 of which are newly classified
as such. The mean value of spectral indices of 225 HII regions is
0.14±0.02, consistent with most of them emitting optically thin
thermal radio emission. Combining our results with the previously
published catalog of the pilot region, the final GLOSTAR-VLA
D-configuration catalog contains 12981 radio sources.
Description:
The observations were performed with the VLA in the D-, DnC-,
and C-configurations.
The portion of the Galactic disk for which results are reported in
this paper has a size of 100 square degrees and is delimited by
|b|≤1° and 2°≤l≤28° and 36°≤l≤60°.
The full continuum image of the Galactic disk area covered by the
GLOSTARS survey, 2° <l< 60° and |b|<1° (i.e., including
the pilot region), shown in Figure 1, was made with the images
presented in subdirectory fits.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 66 133 Large-scale structure sources
table6.dat 181 11211 GLOSTAR source catalog for the observed region
(2°<l<28°, 36°<l<60°
and |b|<1°).
list.dat 154 7 List of fits images of Fig. 1
fits/* . 7 Individial fits images
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See also:
J/A+A/627/A175 : GLOSTAR. Radio Source Catalogue I (Medina+, 2019)
J/A+A/645/A110 : Hypercompact HII regions (Yang+, 2021)
J/A+A/666/A59 : GLOSTAR GPS. 6.7GHz Methanol Maser Catalogue (Nguyen+, 2022)
J/MNRAS/510/3389 : High-mass star formation evolutionary trends
(Urquhart+, 2022)
J/A+A/689/A81 : GLOSTAR GPS. X. Galactic HII region catalog (Khan+, 2024)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- PilotReg [P] P for Pilot region (Medina et al.,
2019A&A...627A.175M 2019A&A...627A.175M, Cat. J/A+A/627/A175
3- 18 A16 --- Name LSS name constructed from the central position
of the box used to encapsulate the regions
19 A1 --- --- [(]
20- 22 A3 --- Reg Region when the LSS is known to be (part of)
a well-known region
23 A1 --- --- [)]
25- 26 A2 --- n_Name [* ] Note on Name (1)
28- 34 F7.4 deg GLONmin Lower value of Galactic longitude
37- 43 F7.4 deg GLONmax Upper value of Galactic longitude
45- 51 F7.4 deg GLATmin Lower value of Galactic latitude
53- 59 F7.4 deg GLATmax Upper value of Galactic latitude
61- 66 F6.3 Jy Fint Integrated flux (2)
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Note (1): Note as follows:
* = associated with SNRs from the catalog of Green (2019JApA...40...36G 2019JApA...40...36G )
** = SNR candidates from the catalog of Anderson et al. (2017A&A...605A..58A 2017A&A...605A..58A)
Note (2): The values in the Int flux column are obtained by adding the flux
densities of individual components as obtained from the flux extraction
procedure described in Section 3.2.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- Name GLOSTAR name
16 A1 --- n_Name [*] Note on Name (1)
19- 25 F7.4 deg GLON Galactic longitude
27- 33 F7.4 deg GLAT Galactic latitude
35- 40 F6.1 --- S/N Signal to noise ratio
42- 49 F8.2 mJy/beam Speak Peak flux density at 5.8GHz
51- 56 F6.2 mJy/beam e_Speak Peak flux density error
58- 65 F8.2 mJy Sint Integrated flux density at 5.8GHz
67- 73 F7.2 mJy e_Sint Integrated flux density error
75- 79 F5.1 --- Yfactor Y factor = Sint/Speak
81- 85 F5.1 arcsec Radius Effective radius
87- 91 F5.2 --- alpha ?=- GLOSTAR-THOR spectral index
93- 96 F4.2 --- e_alpha ?=- GLOSTAR-THOR spectral index error
98-102 F5.2 --- alpha* ?=- In-band spectral index
104-107 F4.2 --- e_alpha* ?=- In-band spectral index error
109 A1 --- GB [Y] Y if counterpart in GLOSTAR B
configuration catalog (Yang et al.,
2023, Cat. J/A+A/680/A92)
111 A1 --- C [Y] Y if counterpart in CORNISH catalog
(Hoare et al., 2012PASP..124..939H 2012PASP..124..939H;
Purcell et al., 2013, Cat. J/ApJS/205/1)
113 A1 --- R [Y] Y if counterpart in RMS catalog
(Urquhart et al. 2009, Cat. J/A+A/501/539)
115 A1 --- T [Y] Y if counterpart in THOR catalog
(Beuther et al., 2016A&A...595A..32B 2016A&A...595A..32B;
Wang et al., 2020, Cat. J/A+A/634/A83)
117 A1 --- MM [Y] Y if counterpart in Methanol maser
catalog (Nguyen et al., 2022,
Cat. J/A+A/666/A49; Green et al.,
2019JApA...40...36G 2019JApA...40...36G)
119 A1 --- A [Y] Y if counterpart in ATLASGAL catalog
(Urquhart et al., 2018,
Cat. J/MNRAS/473/1059)
121 A1 --- H [Y] Y if counterpart in HiGAL catalog
(Molinari et al., 2016,
Cat. J/A+A/591/A149)
123 A1 --- W [Y] Y if counterpart in WISE catalog
(Wright et al., 2010AJ....140.1868W 2010AJ....140.1868W,
Cat. II/311)
125 A1 --- G [Y] Y if counterpart in GLIMPSE catalog
(Churchwell et al., 2009PASP..121..213C 2009PASP..121..213C,
Cat. II/293)
127-138 A12 --- Class Source classification code (2)
140 I1 --- r_Class [1/8] Reference for Class (3)
142-181 A40 --- Method Classification method
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Note (1): Note on Name as follows:
* = source with |b|>1.0° and not used to further analysis
Note (2): Source classification code as follows:
EgC = Extragalctic radio source candidate
HII = HII region candidate
Radio-star = Radio star
PN = planetary nebula candidate
PSR = Pulsar
PDR = Photodissociation region
Unclassified = Unclassified
Unknown = Unknown
SNR = SNR or part of SNR
LSS = Part of LSS
Note (3): References as follows:
1 = This work
2 = Yang et al. (2023A&A...680A..92Y 2023A&A...680A..92Y, Cat. J/A+A/680/A92)
3 = Purcell et al. (2013ApJS..205....1P 2013ApJS..205....1P, Cat. J/ApJS/205/1)
4 = Urquhart et al. (2009A&A...501..539U 2009A&A...501..539U, Cat. J/A+A/501/539)
5 = Anderson et al. (2014ApJS..212....1A 2014ApJS..212....1A, Cat. J/ApJS/212/1)
6 = Wang et al. (2020A&A...634A..83W 2020A&A...634A..83W, Cat. J/A+A/634/A83)
7 = Green (2019JApA...40...36G 2019JApA...40...36G) or
Dokara et al. (2021A&A...651A..86D 2021A&A...651A..86D, Cat. J/A+A/651/A86)
8 = Green et al. (2009MNRAS.392..783G 2009MNRAS.392..783G) or
Nguyen et al. (2022A&A...666A..59N 2022A&A...666A..59N, Cat. J/A+A/666/A49)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: list.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- --- [G]
2- 10 F9.5 deg GLON Galactic longitude of center (J2000)
11- 19 F9.5 deg GLAT Galactic latitude of center (J2000)
21- 25 I5 --- Nx Number of pixels along X-axis
27- 30 I4 --- Ny Number of pixels along Y-axis
32- 53 A22 "datime" Obs.date Observation date
55- 60 F6.4 GHz Freq observed frequency
62- 67 I6 Kibyte size Size of FITS file
69- 99 A31 --- FileName Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fits
101-154 A54 --- Title Title of the FITS file
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Acknowledgements:
S.-N.X. Medina, smedina(at)mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
S.A. Dzib , sdzib(at)mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
References:
Brunthaler et al., Paper I 2021A&A...651A..85B 2021A&A...651A..85B
Dokara et al., Paper II 2021A&A...651A..86D 2021A&A...651A..86D
Ortiz-Leon et al., Paper III 2021A&A...651A..87O 2021A&A...651A..87O
Nguyen et al., Paper IV 2021A&A...651A..88N 2021A&A...651A..88N
Nguyen et al., Paper V 2022A&A...666A..59N 2022A&A...666A..59N, Cat. J/A+A/666/A59
Dzib et al., Paper VI 2023A&A...670A...9D 2023A&A...670A...9D, Cat. J/A+A/670/A9
Dokara et al. Paper VII 2023A&A...671A.145D 2023A&A...671A.145D
Gong et al., Paper VIII 2023A&A...678A.130G 2023A&A...678A.130G
Yang et al., Paper IX 2023A&A...680A..92Y 2023A&A...680A..92Y, Cat. J/A+A/680/A92
Khan et al., Paper X 2024A&A...689A..81K 2024A&A...689A..81K, Cat. J/A+A/689/A81
History:
13-Sep-2024: on-line version
05-May-2025: table 3 added
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 30-Jul-2024