J/A+A/689/A32 HARPS RV curves of M dwarfs (Mignon+, 2024)
Radial velocity homogeneous analysis of M dwarfs observed with HARPS.
I. Exoplanets detection and candidates.
Mignon L., Delfosse X., Bonfils X., Meunier N., Astudillo-Defru N.,
Gaisne G., Forveille T., Bouchy F., Lo Curto G., Udry S., Segransan D.,
Unger N., Lovis C., Santos N.C., Mayor M.
<Astron. Astrophys. 689, A32 (2024)>
=2024A&A...689A..32M 2024A&A...689A..32M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Stars, M-type ; Exoplanets ;
Spectroscopy
Keywords: methods: data analysis - planets and satellites: detection -
stars: low-mass
Abstract:
The census of planets around M dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood meets
two challenges: detecting the best targets for the future
characterisation of planets with ELTs, and studying the statistics of
planet occurrence that are crucial to formation scenarios. The radial
velocity (RV) method remains the most appropriate for such a census as
it is sensitive to the widest ranges of masses and periods. HARPS,
mounted on the 3.6 m telescope at La Silla Observatory (ESO, Chile),
has been obtaining velocity measurements since 2003, and can therefore
be used to analyse a very large and homogeneous dataset.
We performed a homogeneous analysis of the RV time series of 200 M
dwarfs observed with HARPS from 2003 to 2019 (gathering more than
15000 spectra), with the aim of understanding detectable signals such
as stellar and planetary companions and activity signals.
The RVs were computed with a template matching method before carrying
out the time series analysis. First, we focused on the systematic
analysis of the presence of a dominant long-term pattern in the RV
time series (linear or quadratic trend and sine function). Then, we
analysed higher-frequency perdiodic signals using periodograms of the
residual time series and Keplerian function fitting.
We found long-term variability in 57 RV time series (28.5%). This led
to the revision of the parameters of the massive planet (GJ 9482 b),
as well as the detection of four substellar and stellar companions
(around GJ 3307, GJ 4001, GJ 4254, and GJ 9588), for which we
characterised inclinations and masses by combining RV and astrometry.
The periodic analysis allowed us to recover 97% of the planetary
systems already published in this sample, but also to propose three
new planetary candidates orbiting GJ 300 (7.3M⊕), GJ
654(5M⊕), and GJ 739 (39M⊕), which require additional
measurements before they can be confirmed.
Description:
We performed a homogeneous analysis of the RV time series of 200 M
dwarfs observed with HARPS from 2003 to 2019. We first computed the
RVs with a template matching method, then made the systematic analysis
of the presence of a dominant long-term pattern and finally we
analysed higher-frequency perdiodic signals. We found long-term
variability in 57 RV time series, four substellar and stellar
companions.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tableb5.dat 85 425 Stellar properties of our sample of 425 stars
rv.dat 50 11971 HARPS template-matching Radial velocities
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See also:
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/237 : Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system
(Ducati, 2002)
J/MNRAS/403/1949 : UBV(RcIc)JHK photometry of HIP nearby stars (Koen+, 2010)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- Name Star name
16- 21 F6.4 Msun Mass Mass (1)
25- 31 A7 --- SpType Spectral Type
34- 40 F7.4 pc Dist ?=- Distance from Gaia DR3
43- 49 F7.4 mag Vmag ?=- Simbad V magnitude
53- 58 F6.4 mag Kmag K magnitude (2)
62- 67 F6.4 mag Jmag J magnitude (2)
70- 76 F7.4 mag Gmag ?=- Gaia G magnitude
80- 85 F6.4 mag Hmag H magnitude (2)
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Note (1): Masses are from the mass-luminosity relationship of
Delfosse et al., 2000A&A...364..217D 2000A&A...364..217D, with a weighted average of the masses
derived from H, K and J magnitudes.
Note (2): These band magnitudes were taken from the 2MASS database,
Cutri et al., 2003, Cat. II/246, with the exception of
GJ205 : H and J from Ducati et al., 2002, Cat. II/237
GJ1 and GJ803 : K from Koen et al., 2010MNRAS.403.1949K 2010MNRAS.403.1949K, Cat. J/MNRAS/403/1949
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: rv.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- Name Star name
17- 25 F9.3 d BJD Barycentric Julian Day (BJD-2400000)
28- 37 F10.5 km/s RV ?=99 Radial velocity value
43- 49 F7.5 km/s e_RV ? Radial velocity error
50 A1 --- neRV [I] I for infinity
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Acknowledgements:
Lucile Mignon, lucile.mignon(at)univ-grenoble-alpes.fr
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 08-Aug-2024