J/A+A/691/A178 Ccold molecular gas depletion in AGN hosts (Bertola+, 2024)
KASHz+SUPER:
Evidence for cold molecular gas depletion in AGN hosts at cosmic noon.
Bertola E., Circosta C., Ginolfi M., Mainieri V., Vignali C.,
Calistro Rivera G., Ward S.R., Lopez I.E., Pensabene A., Alexander D.M.,
Bischetti M., Brusa M., Cappi M., Comastri A., Contursi A., Cicone C.,
Cresci G., Dadina M., D'Amato Q., Feltre A., Harrison C.M., Kakkad D.,
Lamperti I., Lanzuisi G., Mannucci F., Marconi A., Perna M., Piconcelli E.,
Puglisi A., Ricci F., Scholtz J., Tozzi G., Vietri G., Zamorani G.,
Zappacosta L.
<Astron. Astrophys. 691, A178 (2024)>
=2024A&A...691A.178B 2024A&A...691A.178B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei ; Redshifts ; Radio sources ; Carbon monoxide
Keywords: galaxies: active - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: high-redshift -
galaxies: ISM - quasars: general - submillimeter: ISM
Abstract:
The energy released by active galactic nuclei (AGN) has the potential
to heat or remove the gas of the ISM, thus likely impacting the cold
molecular gas reservoir of host galaxies at first, with star formation
following as a consequence on longer timescales. Previous works on
high-z galaxies, which compared the gas content of those without
identified AGN, have yielded conflicting results, possibly due to
selection biases and other systematics.To provide a reliable benchmark
for galaxy evolution models at cosmic noon (z=1-3), two surveys were
conceived: SUPER and KASHz, both targeting unbiased X-ray-selected AGN
at z>1 that span a wide bolometric luminosity range. In this paper we
assess the effects of AGN feedback on the molecular gas content of
host galaxies in a statistically robust, uniformly selected,
coherently analyzed sample of AGN at z=1-2.6, drawn from the KASHz and
SUPER surveys. By using targeted and archival ALMA data in combination
with dedicated SED modeling, we retrieve CO and far-infrared (FIR)
luminosity as well as M* of SUPER and KASHz host galaxies. We selected
non-active galaxies from PHIBBS, ASPECS, and multiple ALMA/NOEMA
surveys of submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS, UDS, and ECDF fields.
By matching the samples in redshift, stellar mass, and FIR luminosity,
we compared the properties of AGN and non-active galaxies within a
Bayesian framework.We find that AGN hosts at given FIR luminosity are
on average CO depleted compared to non-active galaxies, thus
confirming what was previously found in the SUPER survey. Moreover,
the molecular gas fraction distributions of AGN and non-active
galaxies are statistically different, with the distribution of AGN
being skewed to lower values. Our results indicate that AGN can indeed
reduce the total cold molecular gas reservoir of their host galaxies.
Lastly, by comparing our results with predictions from three
cosmological simulations (TNG, Eagle, and Simba) filtered to match the
properties of observed AGN, AGN hosts, and non- active galaxies, we
confirm already known discrepancies and highlight new discrepancies
between observations and simulations.
Description:
Properties of the AGN sample used in this work. For each KASHz AGN, we
list source ID, parent X-ray field, coordinates, redshift, properties
from SED fitting, and CO properties from ALMA data analysis. For each
SUPER AGN, we list source ID, redshift, properties from SED fitting as
updated in this work and as derived in Circosta et al.,
2021A&A...646A..96C 2021A&A...646A..96C, Cat. J/A+A/646/A96. Missing values are flagged as
-99, negative values as uncertainties mark upper limits.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
tablee1.dat 74 28 Summary of KASHz ALMA targets
tablee2.dat 87 49 Summary of the properties of the AGN sample
tablee3.dat 129 22 Summary of results from the ALMA data analysis
of KASHz AGN analyzed in this work
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See also:
J/ApJ/817/34 : C-COSMOS Legacy sources multiwavelength catalog
(Marchesi+, 2016)
J/ApJS/228/2 : Chandra Deep Field-South survey: 7Ms sources (Luo+, 2017)
J/A+A/646/A96 : Properties of the AGN sample (Circosta+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- ID Source identification name from the
catalogs corresponding to each field
10 A1 --- n_ID [cd] Note on ID (1)
12- 19 A8 --- X-rayField Parent X-ray field
21- 27 F7.3 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
29- 37 F9.5 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
39 I1 --- Type [0/2]? AGN type (2)
41- 45 F5.3 --- z Spectroscopic redshift from NIR spectra
unless otherwise stated in n_z
47 A1 --- n_z [ab] Note on a (3)
49- 52 F4.2 --- Gamma X-ray photon index (see column FlagLX)
54 A1 --- l_log(NH) Limit flag on log(NH)
56- 59 F4.1 [cm-2] log(NH) NH column density (see column FlagLX)
61- 64 F4.1 [10-7W] log(L2-10) Absorption-corrected 2-10keV luminosity
(see column FlagLX)
66 I1 --- FlagLX [1/5] Flag on the derivation of the X-ray
properties of the targets (4)
68- 74 A7 --- COtrans CO transition used in this work
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Note (1): Note as follows:
c = Target shared with the SUPER survey, ALMA data analysis is presented in
Circosta et al., 2021A&A...646A..96C 2021A&A...646A..96C, Cat. J/A+A/646/A96
d = Target shared with the SUPER survey, ALMA data analysis is presented in
this work
Note (2): AGN type as follows:
1 = Type 1, broad-line AGN
2 = Type 2, narrow-line AGN
0 = undetected in NIR spectra
Note (3): Note on redshift as follows:
a = Redshift from Luo et al., 2017ApJS..228....2L 2017ApJS..228....2L, Cat. J/ApJS/228/2
b = Redshift from Marchesi et al. 2016ApJ...817...34M 2016ApJ...817...34M, Cat. J/ApJ/817/34
Note (4): Flag as follows:
1 = values as in the parent survey catalogs
2 = redshift of the source is updated based on KASHz NIR spectral fitting,
NH and photon index of parent survey catalogs are corrected according
to the new spectroscopic redshift estimate
3 = values are retrieved from spectral fit, this work
4 = values are retrieved from spectral fit,
Circosta et al., 2021A&A...646A..96C 2021A&A...646A..96C, Cat. J/A+A/646/A96
5 = values are retrieved from spectral fit,
Luo et al., 2017ApJS..228....2L 2017ApJS..228....2L, Cat. J/ApJS/228/2
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- ID Source identification name from the
catalogs corresponding to each field
12 A1 --- n_ID [a] Note on IID (1)
14- 18 F5.3 --- z Spectroscopic redshift, see Table 1
20- 24 F5.2 [10-7W] log(Lbol) AGN bolometric luminosity,
derived from SED fitting
26- 29 F4.2 [10-7W] e_log(Lbol) 1 sigma uncertainty on log(L_bol)
31 A1 --- l_log(LFIR) Limit flag on log(L_FIR)
33- 38 F6.2 [10-7W] log(LFIR) ?=-99 FIR luminosity in the
8-1000um range
40- 45 F6.2 [10-7W] e_log(LFIR) ?=-99 1 sigma uncertainty on log(LFIR)
47 A1 --- l_log(M*) Limit flag on log(M*)
49- 54 F6.2 Msun log(M*) ?=-99 Galaxy stellar mass
56- 61 F6.2 Msun e_log(M*) ?=-99 1 sigma uncertainty on log(M*)
63 A1 --- l_log(LCO10) Limit flag on log(LCO10)
65- 69 F5.2 [K.km/s/pc2] log(LCO10) Luminosity of the CO(1-0) line (2)
71- 75 F5.2 [K.km/s/pc2] e_log(LCO10) ?=-9 1 sigma uncertainty on log(LCO10)
77 A1 --- l_SFR Limit flag on SFR
79- 81 I3 Msun/yr SFR ?=-99 SFR from the FIR luminosity
83- 85 I3 Msun/yr e_SFR ?=-99 1sigma uncertainty on SFR
87 I1 --- Flag [1/3] Sample flag (3)
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Note (1): Note as follows:
a = Bright broad-line AGN that are not considered in the analysis of Sect. 5
because missing one or more key parameters
Note (2): The CO luminosity of SUPER targets (Flag=2 and 3) is taken from
Circosta et al., 2021A&A...646A..96C 2021A&A...646A..96C, Cat. J/A+A/646/A96.
The CO luminosity of SUPER targets shared with KASHz (Flag=3) and drawn from
CDFS are from this work.
The SED fitting parameters of SUPER targets (Flag=2 and 3) drawn from CDFS and
COSMOS-Legacy are derived in this work (Appendix D), those of the other
SUPER AGN are taken from Circosta et al., 2018A&A...620A..82C 2018A&A...620A..82C,
Cat. J/A+a/620/A82 and 2021A&A...646A..96C 2021A&A...646A..96C, Cat. J/A+A/646/A96
Note (3): Sample flag as follows:
1 = KASHz only
2 = SUPER only
3 = targets shared by the two surveys
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- ID Source identification name from the
catalogs corresponding to each field
12- 18 A7 --- Line CO transition
20- 24 F5.3 --- z Spectroscopic redshift as Table E.1
26- 29 F4.2 arcsec Beam1cube Beam size of the ALMA cube
31 A1 --- --- [x]
33- 36 F4.2 arcsec Beam2cube Beam size of the ALMA cube
38- 42 F5.3 --- zCO Redshift of the detected CO line
44- 48 F5.1 km/s Deltav Channel width
50 A1 --- n_Deltav [a] Native channel width
52- 56 F5.3 mJy/beam rmscube 1 sigma rms per velocity channel
58- 62 F5.3 mJy/beam.km/s rmsmom0 1 sigma rms of the velocity-integrated
map
64- 66 I3 km.s FWHM FWHM of the CO line
68- 70 I3 km.s e_FWHM ?=-99 1 sigma rms of the FWHM
72 A1 --- l_Iline Limit flag on Iline
74- 78 F5.3 mJy.km/s Iline Velocity-integrated CO flux
80- 85 F6.3 mJy.km/s e_Iline ?=-1 1 sigma uncertainty on Iline
87 A1 --- l_log(Lline) Limit flag on log(Lline)
89- 93 F5.2 [10-7W] log(Lline) Luminosity of the CO line
95- 99 F5.2 [10-7W] e_log(Lline) ?=-1 1 sigma uncertainty on log(Lline)
101-106 F6.2 arcsec Beam1cont ?=-99 Beam size of the continuum map
108 A1 --- --- [x]
110-115 F6.2 arcsec Beam2cont ?=-99 Beam size of the continuum map
117-119 I3 uJy rmscont ?=-99 1 sigma rms of the continuum
121 A1 --- l_Scont Limit flag on S_cont
123-125 I3 uJy Scont ?=-99 Integrated flux of the
continuum emission
127-129 I3 uJy e_Scont ?=-99 1 sigma uncertainty on Scont
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Acknowledgements:
Elena Bertola, elena.bertola(at)inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 27-Aug-2024