J/A+A/691/A226      Abundances of globular cluster stars     (Ceccarelli+, 2024)

A comparative high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of in situ and accreted globular clusters. Ceccarelli E., Mucciarelli A., Massari D., Bellazzini M., Matsuno T. <Astron. Astrophys. 691, A226 (2024)> =2024A&A...691A.226C 2024A&A...691A.226C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, globular ; Abundances ; Optical Keywords: stars: abundances - Galaxy: formation - globular clusters: general Abstract: Globular clusters (GCs) are extremely intriguing systems that help in reconstructing the assembly of the Milky Way via the characterisation of their chemo-chrono-dynamical properties. In this study, we use high-resolution spectroscopic archival data from UVES and UVES-FLAMES at the VLT to compare the chemistry of GCs dynamically tagged as either Galactic (NGC 6218, NGC 6522, and NGC 6626) or accreted from distinct merger events (NGC 362 and NGC 1261 from Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus, and Ruprecht 106 from the Helmi Streams) in the metallicity regime where abundance patterns of field stars with different origin effectively separate (-1.3<[Fe/H]←1.0dex). We find remarkable similarities in the abundances of the two Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus GCs across all chemical elements. They both display depletion in the alpha-elements (Mg, Si and Ca) and statistically significant differences in Zn and Eu compared to in situ GCs. Additionally, we confirm that Ruprecht 106 exhibits a completely different chemical makeup from the other target clusters, being underabundant in all chemical elements. This demonstrates that when high precision is achieved, the abundances of certain chemical elements can not only efficiently separate in situ from accreted GCs, but can also distinguish among GCs born in different progenitor galaxies. In the end, we investigate the possible origin of the chemical peculiarity of Ruprecht 106. Given that its abundances do not match the chemical patterns of the field stars associated with its most likely parent galaxy (i.e. the Helmi Streams), being depleted in the abundances of alpha-elements in particular, we believe Ruprecht 106 to originate from a less massive galaxy compared to the progenitor of the Helmi Streams. Description: GC, star ID, Gaia DR3 ID, abundances of Fe, Mg, Si, Ca, TiI, TiII, ScII, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, YII, BaI, LaII, and EuII. Stellar spectra were retrieved from the ESO archive. Stars were observed with UVES or UVES-FLAMES at VLT using the Red Arm 580 CD3 grating. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table1.dat 51 66 GC, star ID, atmospheric parameters and flag for good photometry table2.dat 91 66 GC, star ID, abundances of FeI, Mg, Si, Ca, TiI, and TiII table3.dat 114 66 GC, star ID, abundances of ScII, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn table4.dat 72 66 GC, star ID, abundances of YII, BaII, LaII, and EuII -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 6 A6 --- GC Target globular cluster 8- 14 A7 --- StarID Literature star ID 16- 34 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 source_id 36- 39 I4 K Teff Effective temperature 41- 44 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg Surface gravity 46- 49 F4.2 km/s vt Microturbulent velocity 51 I1 --- Flag [0/1] Flag for quality of the photometry (0=good, 1=bad) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 6 A6 --- GC Target globular cluster 8- 14 A7 --- StarID Literature star ID 16- 20 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] Abundance [Fe/H] 22- 25 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Fe/H] Uncertainty on the [Fe/H] abundance 27- 32 F6.2 [Sun] [Mg/Fe] ?=999 Abundance [Mg/Fe] 34- 39 F6.2 [Sun] e_[Mg/Fe] ?=999 Uncertainty on the [Mg/Fe] abundance 41- 45 F5.2 [Sun] [Si/Fe] Abundance [Si/Fe] 48- 51 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Si/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Si/Fe] abundance 53- 57 F5.2 [Sun] [Ca/Fe] Abundance [Ca/Fe] 60- 63 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Ca/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Ca/Fe] abundance 65- 69 F5.2 [Sun] [TiI/Fe] Abundance [TiI/Fe] 73- 76 F4.2 [Sun] e_[TiI/Fe] Uncertainty on the [TiI/Fe] abundance 79- 83 F5.2 [Sun] [TiII/Fe] Abundance [TiII/Fe] 88- 91 F4.2 [Sun] e_[TiII/Fe] Uncertainty on the [TiII/Fe] abundance -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 6 A6 --- GC Target globular cluster 8- 14 A7 --- StarID Literature star ID 17- 21 F5.2 [Sun] [ScII/Fe] Abundance [ScII/Fe] 26- 29 F4.2 [Sun] e_[ScII/Fe] Uncertainty on the [ScII/Fe] abundance 31- 35 F5.2 [Sun] [V/Fe] Abundance [V/Fe] 37- 40 F4.2 [Sun] e_[V/Fe] Uncertainty on the [V/Fe] abundance 42- 46 F5.2 [Sun] [Cr/Fe] Abundance [Cr/Fe] 49- 52 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Cr/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Cr/Fe] abundance 54- 58 F5.2 [Sun] [Mn/Fe] Abundance [Mn/Fe] 61- 64 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Mn/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Mn/Fe] abundance 66- 70 F5.2 [Sun] [Co/Fe] Abundance [Co/Fe] 73- 76 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Co/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Co/Fe] abundance 78- 82 F5.2 [Sun] [Ni/Fe] Abundance [Ni/Fe] 85- 88 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Ni/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Ni/Fe] abundance 90- 94 F5.2 [Sun] [Cu/Fe] Abundance [Cu/Fe] 97-100 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Cu/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Cu/Fe] abundance 102-107 F6.2 [Sun] [Zn/Fe] Abundance [Zn/Fe] 109-114 F6.2 [Sun] e_[Zn/Fe] Uncertainty on the [Zn/Fe] abundance -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 6 A6 --- GC Target globular cluster 8- 14 A7 --- StarID Literature star ID 16- 20 F5.2 [Sun] [YII/Fe] Abundance [YII/Fe] 24- 27 F4.2 [Sun] e_[YII/Fe] Uncertainty on the [YII/Fe] abundance 30- 34 F5.2 [Sun] [BaII/Fe] Abundance [BaII/Fe] 39- 42 F4.2 [Sun] e_[BaII/Fe] Uncertainty on the [BaII/Fe] abundance 44- 49 F6.2 [Sun] [LaII/Fe] Abundance [LaII/Fe] 54- 57 F4.2 [Sun] e_[LaII/Fe] Uncertainty on the [LaII/Fe] abundance 59- 64 F6.2 [Sun] [EuII/Fe] Abundance [EuII/Fe] 69- 72 F4.2 [Sun] e_[EuII/Fe] Uncertainty on the [EuII/Fe] abundance -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Edoardo Ceccarelli, edoardo.ceccarelli3(at)unibo.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 16-Oct-2024
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