J/A+A/691/A330 Local interstellar radiation field (Bianchi, 2024)
Revisiting the Local Interstellar Radiation Field using Gaia DR3.
Bianchi S.
<Astron. Astrophys. 691, A330 (2024)>
=2024A&A...691A.330B 2024A&A...691A.330B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; Interstellar medium
Keywords: dust, extinction - Galaxy: general - solar neighborhood -
Galaxy: stellar content
Abstract:
Dust grains in the interstellar medium are heated by the integrated
radiation from stars in the Milky Way. Thus, knowledge of the local
interstellar radiation field (LISRF) is necessary to interpret
observations of dust emission in the infrared and constrain (some)
properties of interstellar grains. The LISRF representation that is
most widely used in dust modeling still dates back to the seminal
works of Mezger et al. (1982A&A...105..372M 1982A&A...105..372M) and
Mathis et al. (1983A&A...128..212M 1983A&A...128..212M).
A new version of the LISRF is presented here, starting from the
photometry of the Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and revisiting the
available data. This dataset includes observations from the Pioneer 10
and 11 probes.
The LISRF contribution by direct starlight was estimated in the Gaia
bands by summing fluxes of all stars in DR3. The LISRF was
extrapolated from the optical to the ultraviolet and near-infrared,
using the astrophysical parameters provided by DR3 for a subsample of
Gaia stars. The correlation between dust emission at 100um and
residual diffuse emission in the Pioneer and other available maps was
exploited to derive the contribution of dust-scattered starlight to
the LISRF.
The new LISRF is significantly redder and emits ∼30% more energy than
the old model. The old LISRF is almost a factor two lower in the
near-infrared (NIR), while, in the optical, it accounts only for
direct starlight. For |b|<50 degree diffuse starlight contributes on
average to ∼25% of the total radiation, which is three times more than
what can be derived using literature estimates at high Galactic
latitudes. Conclusions: The new LISRF can modify the predicted
mid-infrared (MIR) dust emission beyond the uncertainties normally
assumed between dust models and observational constraints. These
differences should be taken into account to redefine the properties of
small grains and of carriers of the MIR emission bands.
Description:
UV-to-NIR spectrum of the Local Interstellar Radiation Field (LISRF,
j_lambda), UV-to-NIR maps of the sky surface brigthness i_lambda, maps
of i_lambda in the Pioneer B_IPP (0.437um) and R_IPP (0.644um) bands
are presented. UV-to-NIR j_lambda and i_lambda are given for 99
logarithmically spaced bins between 0.1 and 4.3um. For j_lambda, the
total value (including both the direct and diffuse starlight
components - for the "fit" solution described in the paper) as well as
the direct starlight component are provided. i_lambda maps are
produced for the total (direct+diffuse radiation - "fit" solution) and
are provided in HEALPix format (Gorski et al., 2005ApJ...622..759G 2005ApJ...622..759G),
order=6 (49152 pixels), NESTED ordering and Celestial (Ra, Dec) frame.
For each wavelength, j_lambda (total value) is the average of all
pixels in i_lambda. The two Pioneer-based i_lambda maps are derived by
adding stars with V<6 to the original maps of Gordon et al.
(1998ApJ...498..522G 1998ApJ...498..522G, available at
https://karllark.github.io/data_pioneer10_11_ipp.html).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
j_lambda.dat 51 99 Local interstellar radiation field (LISRF)
i_lambda.dat 1088 49152 *Sky maps of the total sky surface brightness
pioneer.dat 21 49152 *Maps of the sky surface brightness in the
Pioneer B_IPP band R_IPP bands
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Note on i_lambda.dat: each column in the table is a HEALPix map at different
lambda. The value of lambda is provided by the first column in
file j_lambda.dat.
Note on pioneer.dat: each column in the table is a HEALPix map.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: j_lambda.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 7 F7.5 um lambda Wavelength
9- 18 E10.5 W/m3/sr Total Total local interstellar radiation field
(LISRF) (in W/(m3/sr))
20- 29 E10.5 W/m3/sr e_Total Uncertainty on the total LISRF
(in W/(m3/sr))
31- 40 E10.5 W/m3/sr Direct Direct starlight component of local
interstellar radiation field (LISRF)
(in W/(m3/sr))
42- 51 E10.5 W/m3/sr e_Direct Uncertainty on direct starlight
(in W/(m3/sr))
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: i_lambda.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 E10.4 W/m3/sr I01 i_lambda map for 1st lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
12- 21 E10.4 W/m3/sr I02 i_lambda map for 2th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
23- 32 E10.4 W/m3/sr I03 i_lambda map for 3rd lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
34- 43 E10.4 W/m3/sr I04 i_lambda map for 4th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
45- 54 E10.4 W/m3/sr I05 i_lambda map for 5th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
56- 65 E10.4 W/m3/sr I06 i_lambda map for 6th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
67- 76 E10.4 W/m3/sr I07 i_lambda map for 7th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
78- 87 E10.4 W/m3/sr I08 i_lambda map for 8th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
89- 98 E10.4 W/m3/sr I09 i_lambda map for 9th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
100- 109 E10.4 W/m3/sr I10 i_lambda map for 10th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
111- 120 E10.4 W/m3/sr I11 i_lambda map for 11th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
122- 131 E10.4 W/m3/sr I12 i_lambda map for 12th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
133- 142 E10.4 W/m3/sr I13 i_lambda map for 13th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
144- 153 E10.4 W/m3/sr I14 i_lambda map for 14th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
155- 164 E10.4 W/m3/sr I15 i_lambda map for 15th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
166- 175 E10.4 W/m3/sr I16 i_lambda map for 16th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
177- 186 E10.4 W/m3/sr I17 i_lambda map for 17th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
188- 197 E10.4 W/m3/sr I18 i_lambda map for 18th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
199- 208 E10.4 W/m3/sr I19 i_lambda map for 19th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
210- 219 E10.4 W/m3/sr I20 i_lambda map for 20th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
221- 230 E10.4 W/m3/sr I21 i_lambda map for 21th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
232- 241 E10.4 W/m3/sr I22 i_lambda map for 22th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
243- 252 E10.4 W/m3/sr I23 i_lambda map for 23th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
254- 263 E10.4 W/m3/sr I24 i_lambda map for 24th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
265- 274 E10.4 W/m3/sr I25 i_lambda map for 25th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
276- 285 E10.4 W/m3/sr I26 i_lambda map for 26th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
287- 296 E10.4 W/m3/sr I27 i_lambda map for 27th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
298- 307 E10.4 W/m3/sr I28 i_lambda map for 28th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
309- 318 E10.4 W/m3/sr I29 i_lambda map for 29th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
320- 329 E10.4 W/m3/sr I30 i_lambda map for 30th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
331- 340 E10.4 W/m3/sr I31 i_lambda map for 31th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
342- 351 E10.4 W/m3/sr I32 i_lambda map for 32th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
353- 362 E10.4 W/m3/sr I33 i_lambda map for 33th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
364- 373 E10.4 W/m3/sr I34 i_lambda map for 34th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
375- 384 E10.4 W/m3/sr I35 i_lambda map for 35th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
386- 395 E10.4 W/m3/sr I36 i_lambda map for 36th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
397- 406 E10.4 W/m3/sr I37 i_lambda map for 37th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
408- 417 E10.4 W/m3/sr I38 i_lambda map for 38th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
419- 428 E10.4 W/m3/sr I39 i_lambda map for 39th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
430- 439 E10.4 W/m3/sr I40 i_lambda map for 40th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
441- 450 E10.4 W/m3/sr I41 i_lambda map for 41th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
452- 461 E10.4 W/m3/sr I42 i_lambda map for 42th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
463- 472 E10.4 W/m3/sr I43 i_lambda map for 43th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
474- 483 E10.4 W/m3/sr I44 i_lambda map for 44th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
485- 494 E10.4 W/m3/sr I45 i_lambda map for 45th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
496- 505 E10.4 W/m3/sr I46 i_lambda map for 46th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
507- 516 E10.4 W/m3/sr I47 i_lambda map for 47th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
518- 527 E10.4 W/m3/sr I48 i_lambda map for 48th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
529- 538 E10.4 W/m3/sr I49 i_lambda map for 49th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
540- 549 E10.4 W/m3/sr I50 i_lambda map for 50th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
551- 560 E10.4 W/m3/sr I51 i_lambda map for 51th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
562- 571 E10.4 W/m3/sr I52 i_lambda map for 52th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
573- 582 E10.4 W/m3/sr I53 i_lambda map for 53th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
584- 593 E10.4 W/m3/sr I54 i_lambda map for 54th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
595- 604 E10.4 W/m3/sr I55 i_lambda map for 55th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
606- 615 E10.4 W/m3/sr I56 i_lambda map for 56th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
617- 626 E10.4 W/m3/sr I57 i_lambda map for 57th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
628- 637 E10.4 W/m3/sr I58 i_lambda map for 58th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
639- 648 E10.4 W/m3/sr I59 i_lambda map for 59th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
650- 659 E10.4 W/m3/sr I60 i_lambda map for 60th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
661- 670 E10.4 W/m3/sr I61 i_lambda map for 61th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
672- 681 E10.4 W/m3/sr I62 i_lambda map for 62th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
683- 692 E10.4 W/m3/sr I63 i_lambda map for 63th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
694- 703 E10.4 W/m3/sr I64 i_lambda map for 64th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
705- 714 E10.4 W/m3/sr I65 i_lambda map for 65th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
716- 725 E10.4 W/m3/sr I66 i_lambda map for 66th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
727- 736 E10.4 W/m3/sr I67 i_lambda map for 67th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
738- 747 E10.4 W/m3/sr I68 i_lambda map for 68th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
749- 758 E10.4 W/m3/sr I69 i_lambda map for 69th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
760- 769 E10.4 W/m3/sr I70 i_lambda map for 70th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
771- 780 E10.4 W/m3/sr I71 i_lambda map for 71th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
782- 791 E10.4 W/m3/sr I72 i_lambda map for 72th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
793- 802 E10.4 W/m3/sr I73 i_lambda map for 73th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
804- 813 E10.4 W/m3/sr I74 i_lambda map for 74th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
815- 824 E10.4 W/m3/sr I75 i_lambda map for 75th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
826- 835 E10.4 W/m3/sr I76 i_lambda map for 76th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
837- 846 E10.4 W/m3/sr I77 i_lambda map for 77th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
848- 857 E10.4 W/m3/sr I78 i_lambda map for 78th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
859- 868 E10.4 W/m3/sr I79 i_lambda map for 79th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
870- 879 E10.4 W/m3/sr I80 i_lambda map for 80th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
881- 890 E10.4 W/m3/sr I81 i_lambda map for 81th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
892- 901 E10.4 W/m3/sr I82 i_lambda map for 82th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
903- 912 E10.4 W/m3/sr I83 i_lambda map for 83th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
914- 923 E10.4 W/m3/sr I84 i_lambda map for 84th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
925- 934 E10.4 W/m3/sr I85 i_lambda map for 85th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
936- 945 E10.4 W/m3/sr I86 i_lambda map for 86th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
947- 956 E10.4 W/m3/sr I87 i_lambda map for 87th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
958- 967 E10.4 W/m3/sr I88 i_lambda map for 88th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
969- 978 E10.4 W/m3/sr I89 i_lambda map for 89th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
980- 989 E10.4 W/m3/sr I90 i_lambda map for 90th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
991-1000 E10.4 W/m3/sr I91 i_lambda map for 91th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1002-1011 E10.4 W/m3/sr I92 i_lambda map for 92th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1013-1022 E10.4 W/m3/sr I93 i_lambda map for 93th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1024-1033 E10.4 W/m3/sr I94 i_lambda map for 94th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1035-1044 E10.4 W/m3/sr I95 i_lambda map for 95th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1046-1055 E10.4 W/m3/sr I96 i_lambda map for 96th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1057-1066 E10.4 W/m3/sr I97 i_lambda map for 97th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1068-1077 E10.4 W/m3/sr I98 i_lambda map for 98th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
1079-1088 E10.4 W/m3/sr I99 i_lambda map for 99th lambda (in W/(m3*sr))
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: pioneer.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 E10.4 W/m3/sr BIPP Map in the Pioneer B_IPP band (W/(m^3*sr))
12- 21 E10.4 W/m3/sr RIPP Map in the Pioneer R_IPP band (W/(m^3*sr))
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Acknowledgements:
Simone Bianchi, simone.bianchi(at)inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 02-Oct-2024