J/A+A/692/A206 CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs VIII (Cortes-Contreras+, 2024)
CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs.
VIII. Kinematics in the solar neighbourhood.
Cortes-Contreras M., Caballero J.A., Montes D., Cardona-Guillen C.,
Bejar V.J.S., Cifuentes C., Tabernero H.M., Zapatero Osorio M.R.,
Amado P.J., Jeffers S.V., Lafarga M., Lodieu N., Quirrenbach A.,
Reiners A., Ribas I., Schoefer P., Schweitzer A., Seifert W.
<Astron. Astrophys. 692, A206 (2024)>
=2024A&A...692A.206C 2024A&A...692A.206C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Associations, stellar ; Stars, late-type ; Stars, M-type ;
Stars, nearby
Keywords: stars: kinematics and dynamics - stars: late-type - stars: low mass -
open clusters and associations: general - solar neighbourhood
Abstract:
Our goals are to characterise the kinematic properties and to identify
young and old stars among the M dwarfs of the CARMENES input
catalogue. We compile spectral types, proper motions, distances, and
radial velocities for 2187 M dwarfs. We use the public code SteParKin
to derive their galactic space velocities, and identify members in the
different galactic populations. We also identify candidate members in
young stellar kinematic groups with ages ranging from 1Ma to 800Ma
with SteParKin, LACEwING, and BANYAN {SIGMA}. We remove known close
binaries and perform an analysis of kinematic, rotation, and activity
indicators (rotational periods and projected velocities, Hα,
X-rays, and ultraviolet emission) for 1546 M dwarfs. We define five
rotation-activity-colour relations that young (≲800Ma) stars satisfy.
We identify 191 young M dwarf candidates (∼12%), 113 of which are
newly recognised in this work. In this young sample, there are 118
very active stars based on Hα emission, fast rotation, and X-ray
and ultraviolet emission excesses. Of them, 27 have also strong
magnetic fields, nine of which are likely younger than 50Ma.
Additionally, there are 87 potentially young stars and 99 stars with a
dubious youth classification, which may increase the fraction of young
stars to an astounding 24%. Only one star out of the 2187 exhibits
kinematics typical of the old Galactic halo. A combined analysis of
kinematic and rotation-activity properties provides a robust method to
identify young M dwarfs from archival data. However, more
observational effort is needed to ascertain the true nature of
numerous young star candidates in the field and, perhaps more
importantly, precisely quantify their age.
Description:
We collected spectral types, 2MASS coordinates in epoch J2000, proper
motions, and distances of 2218 Carmencita dwarf stars, and radial
velocities for 2187 dwarfs. We computed Galactic space velocities for
locating the stars into different galactic populations and stellar
kinematic groups. We compiled activity parameters (rotational periods,
rotational velocities, Halpha pseudoequivalent widths, LX/LJ, and
(NUV-J) for 1581 M dwarf and provide activity flags according to our
own definitions of activity. We provide our final assignment from a
kinematics and activity assessment.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tableb1.dat 161 2218 Identifiers, spectral types and astrometric data
tableb2.dat 91 2187 Radial velocities, and Galactic space velocities
tableb3.dat 92 1581 Compiled activity parameters.
tableb4.dat 77 2187 Kinematic assignations, activity flags, and
final assignment
notes.dat 68 83 Notes on individual objects from tableb4.dat
refs.dat 111 208 List of references included in tables
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See also:
J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. I
(Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)
J/A+A/597/A47 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. II
(Cortes-Contreras+ 2017)
J/A+A/621/A126 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. IV. (Diez Alonso+ 2019)
J/A+A/642/A115 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. V. (Cifuentes+, 2020)
J/A+A/652/A116 : CARMENES time-resolved CaII H+K catalog (Perdelwitz+, 2021)
J/A+A/684/A9 : Rotation periods for 261 M dwarfs (Shan+, 2024)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Karmn Karmn identifier
12- 35 A24 --- Name Common Name
37- 55 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 Gaia EDR3 source identifier
57- 63 A7 --- SpType Spectral type
65- 71 A7 --- r_SpType Reference for spectral type
73- 74 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000.0)
76- 77 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000.0)
79- 83 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000.0)
85 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000.0)
86- 87 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000.0)
89- 90 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000.0)
92- 95 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000.0)
97-105 F9.3 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion in right ascension
107-111 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA Proper motion error in right ascension
113-121 F9.3 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion in right declination
123-127 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE Proper motion error in right declination
130-137 A8 --- r_pm Reference for proper motion,
in refs.dat file
139-146 F8.4 pc Dist Distance
147-153 F7.4 pc e_Dist Distance error
155-161 A7 --- r_Dist Reference for distance, in refs.dat file
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Karmn Karmn identifier
13- 22 F10.5 km/s RV Radial velocity
24- 31 F8.5 km/s e_RV Radial velocity error
33- 41 A9 --- r_RV Reference for radial velocity,
in refs.dat file
42- 50 F9.4 km/s U U Galactocentric space velocity
51- 56 F6.3 km/s e_U U Galactocentric space velocity error
59- 67 F9.4 km/s V V Galactocentric space velocity
69- 74 F6.3 km/s e_V V Galactocentric space velocity error
77- 85 F9.4 km/s W W Galactocentric space velocity
86- 91 F6.3 km/s e_W W Galactocentric space velocity error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Karmn Karmn identifier
13- 14 A2 --- l_vsini [≤ >] Rotational velocity flag
15- 20 F6.2 km/s vsini ?=- Rotational velocity
22- 25 F4.2 km/s e_vsini ?=- Rotational velocity error
27- 33 A7 --- r_vsini Reference for rotational velocity,
in refs.dat file
35- 40 F6.2 d Per ?=- Rotational period
42- 48 F7.4 d e_Per ?=- Rotational period error
50- 58 A9 --- r_Per Reference for rotational period,
in refs.dat file
59- 65 F7.3 0.1nm pEWHa ?=- Halpha pseudoequivalent width
67- 71 F5.3 0.1nm e_pEWHa ?=- Halpha pseudoequivalent width error
73- 78 A6 --- r_pEWHa Reference for Halpha pseudoequivalent
width, in refs.dat file
80- 85 F6.3 [-] log(LX/LJ) ?=- Ratio of X-ray and J-band luminosities
87- 92 F6.3 mag NUV-J ?=- NUV-J colour
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Karmn Karmn identifier
13- 16 A4 --- Population Stellar population (1)
18- 34 A17 --- SKG-SteParKin Stellar kinematic group (SteParKin)
36- 47 A12 --- SKG-LACEwING Stellar kinematic group (LACEwING)
49- 62 A14 --- SKG-BANYAN Stellar kinematic group (BANYAN)
64 A1 --- FAProt [AN.-] Activity flag for Prot (2)
65 A1 --- FAvsini [AN.-] Activity flag for vsini (2)
66 A1 --- FALX/LJ [AN.-] Activity flag for LX/LJ (2)
67 A1 --- FANUV-J [AN.-] Activity flag for NUV-J (2)
68 A1 --- FApEWHa [AN.-] Activity flag for pEWHa (2)
70- 72 A3 --- CloseBin Close binarity (3)
74 A1 --- FinalAssign Final assignment (4)
76 I1 --- Flag [6]? Notes on individual objects (5)
77 A1 --- Note [n] indicates an note in note.dat file
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Note (1): Galactic kinematic population code as follows:
D = Thin disk
TD = Thick disc
TD-D = Thick-thin transition disc
YD = Young disc
H = Halo
Note (2): Activity flag as follows:
A = source satisfies Eqs. 9-7
N = source not satisfies Eqs. 9-7
. = parameters without any literature value
Note (3): Close binarity code as follows:
y = Reported close binary companion;
y? = Close binary companion candidate.
Note (4): Final assignment as follows:
Y = Young
P = Potentially young
D = Dubious
I = Inconclusive
Y = Young.
Note (5): Flag as follows:
6 = New single young star candidate
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Karmn Karmn identifier
13- 43 A31 --- Notes Notes on youth
45- 73 A29 --- Ref References of notes on youth, in refs.dat file
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- Ref Reference label
16- 38 A23 --- Aut Author's name
40- 58 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode or reference
60-111 A52 --- Com Comments
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Acknowledgements:
Miriam Cortes-Contreras, mcortescontreras(at)ucm.es
References:
Alonso-Floriano et al., Paper I 2015A&A...577A.128A 2015A&A...577A.128A, Cat. J/A+A/577/A128
Cortes-Contreras et al., Paper II 2017A&A...597A..47C 2017A&A...597A..47C, Cat. J/A+A/597/A47
Jeffers et al., Paper III 2018A&A...614A..76J 2018A&A...614A..76J, Cat. J/A+A/514/A76
Diez Alonso et al., Paper IV 2019A&A...621A.126D 2019A&A...621A.126D, cat. J/A+A/621/A126
Cifuentes et al., Paper V 2020A&A...642A.115C 2020A&A...642A.115C, Cat. J/A+A/642/A115
Perdelwitz et al., Paper VI 2021A&A...652A.116P 2021A&A...652A.116P, Cat. J/A+A/652/A116
Shan et al., PAper VII 2024A&A...684A...9S 2024A&A...684A...9S, Cat. J/A+A/684/A9
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Nov-2024