J/A+A/694/A18 Chemical abundances in LINERs from MaNGA. I (Perez-Diaz+, 2025)
Chemical enrichment in LINERs from MaNGA.
I. Tracing the nuclear abundances of oxygen and nitrogen in LINERs with
varied ionizing sources.
Perez-Diaz B., Perez-Montero E., Zinchenko I.A., Vilchez J.M.
<Astron. Astrophys. 694, A18 (2025)>
=2025A&A...694A..18P 2025A&A...694A..18P (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei ; Abundances ; Optical
Keywords: galaxies: abundances - galaxies: active - galaxies: ISM -
galaxies: nuclei
Abstract:
The chemical enrichment in low-ionization nuclear emission-line
regions (LINERs) is still an issue with spatial resolution
spectroscopic data due to the lack of studies and the uncertainties in
the nature of their ionizing source, despite being the most abundant
type of active galaxies in the nearby Universe. Considering different
scenarios for the ionizing source (hot old stellar populations, active
galactic nuclei (AGN) or inefficient accretion disks), we analyze the
implications of these assumptions to constrain the chemical content of
the gas-phase interstellar medium (ISM). We used a sample of 105
galaxies from Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory
Survey (MaNGA), whose nuclear central spaxels show LINER-like
emission. For each scenario considered, we built a grid of
photoionization models (4928 models for each considered ionizing
source) which are later used in the open- source code HII-CHI-Mistry,
allowing us to estimate chemical abundance ratios such as 12+log(O/H)
or log(N/O) and constrain the ionization parameter that characterize
the ionized ISM in those galaxies. We obtain that oxygen abundances in
the nuclear region of LINER-like galaxies spread over a wide range
8.08<12+log(O/H)<8.89, with a median solar value (in agreement
with previous studies) if AGN models are considered. Nevertheless, the
derived nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio is much less unaffected by the
assumptions on the ionizing source, and point towards suprasolar
values (log(N/O)=-0.69). By comparing the different analyzed
scenarios, we show that if hot old stellar populations were
responsible of the ionization of the ISM a complex picture (such as
outflows and/or inflows scaling with galaxy chemical abundance) would
be needed to explain the chemical enrichment history, whereas the
assumption of AGN activity is compatible with the standard scenario
found in most galaxies.
Description:
We have analyzed a sample of 105 optically selected LINERs
from SDSS-IV MaNGA. Particularly, we have studied the chemical
abundances using photoionization models in their nuclear region
accounting for different scenarios representing the uncertainty in the
source of ionization: AGN models with different shapes, pAGB models
with different effective temperatures and, inefficient accretion AGN
models in which the accretion disk is truncated (ADAF). To assess
whether one or multiple scenarios might be feasible, we also used the
WHAN diagram to discriminate between galaxies with intermediate
equivalent widths of Hα, expected to be weak AGNs (wAGNs),and
galaxies with low equivalent widths which are though to be retired
galaxies (RGs) and, thus powered by hot-old stellar populations.
Table B.1 contains all ancillary data for our sample of galaxies.
Table B.2 lists all optical spectroscopic properties of the nuclear
regions of our sample of LINER-like galaxies. Tables B.3-B.5 list
all the estimations of chemical abundances and ionization parameters
for the nuclear regions of our sample.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
tableb1.dat 52 105 List of galaxies and host galaxy properties in
our sample of LINER-like galaxies
tableb2.dat 172 105 Optical spectroscopic information for
our sample of LINER-like galaxies
tableb3.dat 121 105 Estimated oxygen abundances in the nuclear region
of our sample of LINER-like galaxies based on
different grids of photoionization models
tableb4.dat 132 105 Estimated nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratios in
the nuclear region of our sample of LINER-like
galaxies based on different grids of
photoionization models
tableb5.dat 132 105 Estimated ionization parameters in the nuclear
region of our sample of LINER-like galaxies
based on different grids of photoionization models
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Identificators of the objects following the
convention "PLATE-IFUDESIGN"
13- 18 F6.4 --- z Redshift
20- 22 A3 --- SpType Spectral type according to the
BPT diagrams (1)
24- 27 A4 --- SpTypeWHAN Spectral type according to the
WHAN diagram (2)
29- 35 F7.4 arcsec R50 R50 petrossian isophote from
NASA-Sloan Atlas (NSA) catalogue
37- 43 F7.4 [Msun] logM* Stellar mass from NASA-Sloan Atlas
(NSA) catalogue
45- 52 F8.4 [Msun] logMHI ? HI mass from NASA-Sloan Atlas
(NSA) catalogue
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Spectral types as follows:
LIN = LINERs
SEY2 = Seyferts 2
SFG = Star-forming galaxies
COM = Composite galaxies
Note (2): Spectral types as follows:
wAGN = weak AGNs
sAGN = strong AGNs
SFG = Star-forming galaxies
RG = Retired galaxies
PG = Passive galaxies
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Identificators of the objects following the
convention "PLATE-IFUDESIGN"
13- 16 F4.2 0.1nm WHa Equivalent width of Halpha
18- 26 F9.6 --- cHbeta ? Extinction coefficient estimation
28- 34 F7.4 --- e_cHbeta ? Extinction coefficient uncertainty
36- 44 F9.6 --- OII-3727 Emission line ratio of doublet
[OII]3726,3729Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
46- 51 F6.4 --- e_OII-3727 Uncertainty in emission line ratio of doublet
[OII]3726,3729Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
53- 61 F9.6 --- NeIII-3868 ? Emission line ratio of [NeIII]3868Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
63- 69 F7.4 --- e_NeIII-3868 ? Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[NeIII]3868Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
71- 78 F8.6 --- OIII-5007 Emission line ratio of [NeIII]3868Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
80- 85 F6.4 --- e_OIII-5007 Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[OIII]5007Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
87- 96 F10.6 --- OI-6300 ? Emission line ratio of [OI]6300Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
98-104 F7.4 --- e_OI-6300 ? Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[OI]6300Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
106-113 F8.6 --- NII-6584 Emission line ratio of [NII]6584Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
115-120 F6.4 --- e_NII-6584 Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[NII]6584Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
122-129 F8.6 --- SII-6717 Emission line ratio of [SII]6717Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
131-136 F6.4 --- e_SII-6717 Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[SII]6717Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
138-146 F9.6 --- SII-6731 ? Emission line ratio of [SII]6731Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
148-154 F7.4 --- e_SII-6731 ? Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[SII]6731Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
156-164 F9.6 --- SIII-9530 ? Emission line ratio of [SIII]9530Å
corrected from reddening and
referred to Hbeta
166-172 F7.4 --- e_SIII-9530 ? Uncertainty in emission line ratio of
[SIII]9530Å corrected from reddening
and referred to Hbeta
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Identificators of the objects following
the convention "PLATE-IFUDESIGN"
13- 16 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a08e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-0.8 and efrac=0.02
18- 21 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a08e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-0.8 and efrac=0.02
23- 26 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a10e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-1.0 and efrac=0.02
28- 31 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a10e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-1.0 and efrac=0.02
33- 36 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a12e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-1.2 and efrac=0.02
38- 41 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a12e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-1.2 and efrac=0.02
43- 46 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a14e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-1.4 and efrac=0.02
48- 51 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a14e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-1.4 and efrac=0.02
53- 56 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a16e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-1.6 and efrac=0.02
58- 61 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a16e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-1.6 and efrac=0.02
63- 66 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a18e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-1.8 and efrac=0.02
68- 71 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a18e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-1.8 and efrac=0.02
73- 76 F4.2 --- 12logOH-a20e02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-2.0 and efrac=0.02
78- 81 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-a20e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming AGN
models with
alphaOX=-2.0 and efrac=0.02
83- 86 F4.2 --- 12logOH-ADAFe02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming advected-dominated
accretion flow (ADAF) models and
efrac=0.02
88- 91 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-ADAFe02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming
advected-dominated accretion flow
(ADAF) and efrac=0.02
93- 96 F4.2 --- 12logOH-T50kke02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming pAGB models with
T=50kK and efrac=0.02
98-101 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-T50kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming pAGB
models with T=50kK and efrac=0.02
103-106 F4.2 --- 12logOH-T100kke02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming pAGB models with
T=100kK and efrac=0.02
108-111 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-T100kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming pAGB
models with T=100kK and efrac=0.02
113-116 F4.2 --- 12logOH-T150kke02 Optical estimation of the oxygen
abundances assuming pAGB models with
T=150kK and efrac=0.02
118-121 F4.2 --- e_12logOH-T150kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the oxygen abundances assuming pAGB
models with T=150kK and efrac=0.02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Identificators of the objects following
the convention "PLATE-IFUDESIGN"
13- 17 F5.2 --- logNO-a08e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models
with alphaOX=-0.8 and efrac=0.02
19- 22 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a08e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-0.8 and efrac=0.02
24- 28 F5.2 --- logNO-a10e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.0 and efrac=0.02
30- 33 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a10e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.0 and efrac=0.02
35- 39 F5.2 --- logNO-a12e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.2 and efrac=0.02
41- 44 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a12e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.2 and efrac=0.02
46- 50 F5.2 --- logNO-a14e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.4 and efrac=0.02
52- 55 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a14e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.4 and efrac=0.02
57- 61 F5.2 --- logNO-a16e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.6 and efrac=0.02
63- 66 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a16e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.6 and efrac=0.02
68- 72 F5.2 --- logNO-a18e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models with
alphaOX=-1.8 and efrac=0.02
74- 77 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a18e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.8 and efrac=0.02
79- 83 F5.2 --- logNO-a20e02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
AGN models
with alphaOX=-2.0 and efrac=0.02
85- 88 F4.2 --- e_logNO-a20e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming AGN models with
alphaOX=-2.0 and efrac=0.02
90- 94 F5.2 --- logNO-ADAFe02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
advected-dominated accretion flow (ADAF)
models and efrac=0.02
96- 99 F4.2 --- e_logNO-ADAFe02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming advected-dominated accretion
flow (ADAF) and efrac=0.02
101-105 F5.2 --- logNO-T50kke02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
pAGB models with T=50kK and efrac=0.02
107-110 F4.2 --- e_logNO-T50kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming pAGB models
with T=50kK and efrac=0.02
112-116 F5.2 --- logNO-T100kke02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
pAGB models with T=100kK and efrac=0.02
118-121 F4.2 --- e_logNO-T100kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming pAGB models
with T=100kK and efrac=0.02
123-127 F5.2 --- logNO-T150kke02 Optical estimation of the
nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances assuming
pAGB models with T=150kK and efrac=0.02
129-132 F4.2 --- e_logNO-T150kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances
assuming pAGB models
with T=150kK and efrac=0.02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Identificators of the objects following the
convention "PLATE-IFUDESIGN"
13- 17 F5.2 --- logU-a08e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-0.8 and efrac=0.02
19- 22 F4.2 --- e_logU-a08e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-0.8 and efrac=0.02
24- 28 F5.2 --- logU-a10e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.0 and efrac=0.02
30- 33 F4.2 --- e_logU-a10e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-1.0 and efrac=0.02
35- 39 F5.2 --- logU-a12e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.2 and efrac=0.02
41- 44 F4.2 --- e_logU-a12e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-1.2 and efrac=0.02
46- 50 F5.2 --- logU-a14e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.4 and efrac=0.02
52- 55 F4.2 --- e_logU-a14e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-1.4 and efrac=0.02
57- 61 F5.2 --- logU-a16e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.6 and efrac=0.02
63- 66 F4.2 --- e_logU-a16e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-1.6 and efrac=0.02
68- 72 F5.2 --- logU-a18e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-1.8 and efrac=0.02
74- 77 F4.2 --- e_logU-a18e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-1.8 and efrac=0.02
79- 83 F5.2 --- logU-a20e02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming AGN models
with alphaOX=-2.0 and efrac=0.02
85- 88 F4.2 --- e_logU-a20e02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming AGN
models with alphaOX=-2.0 and efrac=0.02
90- 94 F5.2 --- logU-ADAFe02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming advected-dominated
accretion flow (ADAF) models and
efrac=0.02
96- 99 F4.2 --- e_logU-ADAFe02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming
advected-dominated accretion flow (ADAF)
and efrac=0.02
101-105 F5.2 --- logU-T50kke02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming pAGB models
with T=50kK and efrac=0.02
107-110 F4.2 --- e_logU-T50kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming pAGB
models with T=50kK and efrac=0.02
112-116 F5.2 --- logU-T100kke02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming pAGB models
with T=100kK and efrac=0.02
118-121 F4.2 --- e_logU-T100kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming pAGB
models with T=100kK and efrac=0.02
123-127 F5.2 --- logU-T150kke02 Optical estimation of the ionization
parameters assuming pAGB models
with T=150kK and efrac=0.02
129-132 F4.2 --- e_logU-T150kke02 Uncertainty in the optical estimation of
the ionization parameters assuming pAGB
models with T=150kK and efrac=0.02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Borja Perez Diaz, bperez(at)iaa.es or borjapd96(at)gmail.com
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 25-Nov-2024