J/A+A/701/A107 PASTA II. Abundances for 25 solar twins and analogs (Sun+, 2025)
Planets Around Solar Twins/Analogs (PASTA).
II: chemical abundances, systematic offsets, and clues to planet formation.
Sun Q., Ji C., Wang S.X., Lin Z., Teske J., Ting Y.-S., Bedell M., Liu F.
<Astron. Astrophys. 701, A107 (2025)>
=2025A&A...701A.107S 2025A&A...701A.107S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, G-type ; Exoplanets ; Equivalent widths ; Abundances ;
Optical
Keywords: Sun: abundances - planets and satellites: formation -
planet-star interactions - stars: abundances - stars: solar-type
Abstract:
Previous studies have suggested that the Sun is relatively depleted in
refractory elements compared to other solar twins or analogs,
potentially as a result of planet formation. However, such conclusions
are often limited by inhomogeneous samples and a lack of direct
comparison with stars known to host planets.
We aim to perform a homogeneous and precise abundance analysis of
solar twins and analogs that host planets, to investigate possible
chemical signatures associated with planet formation.
We obtain high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio Magellan/MIKE
spectra for 25 solar-like stars, including 22 confirmed or candidate
planet hosts and three comparison stars. Stellar parameters and
elemental abundances for 23 elements (from C to Eu) are derived
through a strict line-by-line differential analysis relative to the
Sun.
Our sample spans [Fe/H]=-0.23 to +0.18 dex and includes 20 solar
analogs, six of which are solar twins. Typical abundance uncertainties
range from 0.01-0.05dex for lighter elements (e.g., Fe, Si, C, O, Na)
and up to 0.1dex for neutron-capture elements. The Sun is consistently
depleted in refractory elements relative to all solar analogs and
twins, regardless of planet type. Stars hosting small planets
tentatively show slightly stronger refractory element depletion than
those hosting giant planets, though the difference is not yet
statistically significant.
We emphasize the need for strictly differential, line-by-line analyses
relative to the Sun, as well as careful consideration of systematic
differences between instruments, to ensure consistency and the
homogeneity required to achieve our goals.
Description:
This dataset provides stellar parameters and chemical abundances for
22 planet-hosting and 3 non-planet-hosting solar-like stars. The
sample includes: HD 10180, HD 20782, HD 31527, HD 42618, HD 45184,
HD 70573, HD 75302, HD 88072, HD 98649, HIP 25670, HIP 44713,
HIP 54287, TOI-248, TOI-426, TOI-479, TOI-564, TOI-652, TOI-867,
TOI-1478, TOI-2447, TOI-2479, TOI-2518, TOI-2523, TOI-3359, and
TOI-4320. For each star, the paper and accompanying machine-readable
table provide details of any hosted planets, stellar atmospheric
parameters, and measured chemical abundances.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
stars.dat 42 25 List of studied stars
tableb1.dat 193 262 Equivalent widths
tableb2.dat 202 272 Abundance measurements for Fe I and Fe II
tableb3.dat 335 23 Abundances
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Name Star name
11- 12 I2 h RAh ? Right ascension (J2000)
14- 15 I2 min RAm ? Right ascension (J2000)
17- 21 F5.2 s RAs ? Right ascension (J2000)
23 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
24- 25 I2 deg DEd ? Declination (J2000)
27- 28 I2 arcmin DEm ? Declination (J2000)
30- 33 F4.1 arcsec DEs ? Declination (J2000)
35- 42 A8 --- SName Simbad name
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 F8.3 0.1nm lambda Wavelength of the spectral line
10- 13 F4.1 --- Species Species code
(e.g., 26.0 = Fe I; 26.1 = Fe II)
15- 20 F6.4 eV Ep Excitation potential of the lower level
22- 27 F6.3 --- loggf Logarithm of the oscillator strength (gf)
29- 36 E8.2 --- DampingC Damping constant C6
(van der Waals broadening)
38- 42 F5.1 0.1pm EWSun ?=- Equivalent width for the Sun
44- 48 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd10180 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 10180
50- 54 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd20782 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 20782
56- 60 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd31527 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 31527
62- 66 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd42618 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 42618
68- 72 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd45184 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 45184
74- 78 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd70573 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 70573
80- 84 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd75302 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 75302
86- 90 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd88072 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 88072
92- 96 F5.1 0.1pm EWhd98649 ?=- Equivalent width for HD 98649
98-102 F5.1 0.1pm EWhip25670 ?=- Equivalent width for HIP 25670
104-108 F5.1 0.1pm EWhip44713 ?=- Equivalent width for HIP 44713
110-114 F5.1 0.1pm EWhip54287 ?=- Equivalent width for HIP 54287
116-120 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi248 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-248
122-126 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi426 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-426
128-132 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi479 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-479
134-138 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi564 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI_564
140-144 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi652 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-652
146-150 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi867 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-867
152-156 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi1478 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-1478
158-163 F6.2 0.1pm EWtoi2447 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-2447
165-169 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi2479 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-2479
171-175 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi2518 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-2518
177-181 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi2523 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-2523
183-187 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi3359 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-3359
189-193 F5.1 0.1pm EWtoi4320 ?=- Equivalent width for TOI-4320
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 F8.3 0.1nm lambda Wavelength of the spectral line
10- 13 F4.1 --- Species Species code
(e.g., 26.0 = Fe I; 26.1 = Fe II)
15- 20 F6.4 eV Ep Excitation potential of the lower level
22- 27 F6.3 --- loggf Logarithm of the oscillator strength (gf)
29- 34 F6.3 [-] AFehd10180 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 10180
36- 41 F6.3 [-] AFehd20782 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 20782
43- 48 F6.3 [-] AFehd31527 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 31527
50- 55 F6.3 [-] AFehd42618 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 42618
57- 62 F6.3 [-] AFehd45184 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 45184
64- 69 F6.3 [-] AFehd70573 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 70573
71- 76 F6.3 [-] AFehd75302 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 75302
78- 83 F6.3 [-] AFehd88072 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 88072
85- 90 F6.3 [-] AFehd98649 ?=- Abundance measurement for HD 98649
92- 97 F6.3 [-] AFehip25670 ?=- Abundance measurement for HIP 25670
99-104 F6.3 [-] AFehip44713 ?=- Abundance measurement for HIP 44713
106-111 F6.3 [-] AFehip54287 ?=- Abundance measurement for HIP 54287
113-118 F6.3 [-] AFetoi248 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-248
120-125 F6.3 [-] AFetoi426 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-426
127-132 F6.3 [-] AFetoi479 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-479
134-139 F6.3 [-] AFetoi564 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-564
141-146 F6.3 [-] AFetoi652 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-652
148-153 F6.3 [-] AFetoi867 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-867
155-160 F6.3 [-] AFetoi1478 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-1478
162-167 F6.3 [-] AFetoi2447 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-2447
169-174 F6.3 [-] AFetoi2479 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-2479
176-181 F6.3 [-] AFetoi2518 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-2518
183-188 F6.3 [-] AFetoi2523 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-2523
190-195 F6.3 [-] AFetoi3359 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-3359
197-202 F6.3 [-] AFetoi4320 ?=- Abundance measurement for TOI-4320
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 A2 --- Species Chemical element symbol (e.g., Fe, C, O)
4- 5 I2 --- Atom Atomic number of the element
7- 10 I4 K 1/2Tcond 50% condensation temperature of elements
12- 17 F6.3 [-] Ahd10180 Abundance for HD 10180
19- 23 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd10180 Uncertainty in HD 10180 abundance
25- 30 F6.3 [-] Ahd20782 Abundance for HD 20782
32- 36 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd20782 Uncertainty in HD 20782 abundance
38- 43 F6.3 [-] Ahd31527 Abundance for HD 31527
45- 49 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd31527 Uncertainty in HD 31527 abundance
51- 56 F6.3 [-] Ahd42618 Abundance for HD 42618
58- 62 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd42618 Uncertainty in HD 42618 abundance
64- 69 F6.3 [-] Ahd45184 Abundance for HD 45184
71- 75 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd45184 Uncertainty in HD 45184 abundance
77- 82 F6.3 [-] Ahd70573 Abundance for HD 70573
84- 88 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd70573 Uncertainty in HD 70573 abundance
90- 95 F6.3 [-] Ahd75302 Abundance for HD 75302
97-101 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd75302 Uncertainty in HD 75302 abundance
103-108 F6.3 [-] Ahd88072 Abundance for HD 88072
110-114 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd88072 Uncertainty in HD 88072 abundance
116-121 F6.3 [-] Ahd98649 Abundance for HD 98649
123-127 F5.3 [-] e_Ahd98649 Uncertainty in HD 98649 abundance
129-134 F6.3 [-] Ahip25670 Abundance for HIP 25670
136-140 F5.3 [-] e_Ahip25670 Uncertainty in HIP 25670 abundance
142-147 F6.3 [-] Ahip44713 Abundance for HIP 44713
149-153 F5.3 [-] e_Ahip44713 Uncertainty in HIP 44713 abundance
155-160 F6.3 [-] Ahip54287 Abundance for HIP 54287
162-166 F5.3 [-] e_Ahip54287 Uncertainty in HIP 54287 abundance
168-173 F6.3 [-] Atoi248 Abundance for TOI-248
175-179 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi248 Uncertainty in TOI-248 abundance
181-186 F6.3 [-] Atoi426 Abundance for TOI-426
188-192 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi426 Uncertainty in TOI-426 abundance
194-199 F6.3 [-] Atoi479 Abundance for TOI-479
201-205 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi479 Uncertainty in TOI-479 abundance
207-212 F6.3 [-] Atoi564 Abundance for TOI-564
214-218 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi564 Uncertainty in TOI-564 abundance
220-225 F6.3 [-] Atoi652 Abundance for TOI-652
227-231 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi652 Uncertainty in TOI-652 abundance
233-238 F6.3 [-] Atoi867 Abundance for TOI-867
240-244 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi867 Uncertainty in TOI-867 abundance
246-251 F6.3 [-] Atoi1478 Abundance for TOI-1478
253-257 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi1478 Uncertainty in TOI-1478 abundance
259-264 F6.3 [-] Atoi2447 Abundance for TOI-2447
266-270 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi2447 Uncertainty in TOI-2447 abundance
272-277 F6.3 [-] Atoi2479 Abundance for TOI-2479
279-283 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi2479 Uncertainty in TOI-2479 abundance
285-290 F6.3 [-] Atoi2518 Abundance for TOI-2518
292-296 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi2518 Uncertainty in TOI-2518 abundance
298-303 F6.3 [-] Atoi2523 Abundance for TOI-2523
305-309 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi2523 Uncertainty in TOI-2523 abundance
311-316 F6.3 [-] Atoi3359 Abundance for TOI-3359
318-322 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi3359 Uncertainty in TOI-3359 abundance
324-329 F6.3 [-] Atoi4320 Abundance for TOI-4320
331-335 F5.3 [-] e_Atoi4320 Uncertainty in TOI-4320 abundance
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Acknowledgements:
Qinghui Sun, qinghuisun(at)sjtu.edu.cn
References:
Sun et al., Paper I 2025ApJ...980..179S 2025ApJ...980..179S
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 11-Aug-2025