J/A+A/701/A273 J-PLUS DR3 white dwarf catalog (Lopez-Sanjuan+, 2025)
J-PLUS: Understanding outlier white dwarfs in the third data release via
dimensionality reduction.
Lopez-Sanjuan C., Tremblay P.-E., del Pino A., Dominguez Sanchez H.,
Vazquez Ramio H., Ederoclite A., Cenarro A.J., Marin-Franch A., Anguiano B.,
Civera T., Cruz P., Fernandez-Ontiveros J.A., Jimenez-Esteban F.M.,
Rebassa-Mansergas A., Vega-Ferrero J., Alcaniz J., Angulo R.E.,
Cristobal-Hornillos D., Dupke R.A., Hernandez-Monteagudo C., Moles M.,
Sodre L.Jr, Varela J.
<Astron. Astrophys. 701, A273 (2025)>
=2025A&A...701A.273L 2025A&A...701A.273L (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, white dwarf; Effective temperatures; Stars, masses
Keywords: methods: statistical - catalogs - white dwarfs
Abstract:
We present the white dwarf catalog derived from the third data release
of the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS DR3),
which covers 3284deg2 using 12 optical filters. A particular focus
is given to the classification of outlier sources, those largely
incompatible with the theoretical models used in the analysis, through
dimensionality reduction techniques. We applied a Bayesian fitting
process to the 12-band J-PLUS photometry of white dwarf candidates
from Gaia EDR3. The derived parameters were effective temperature,
surface gravity, and parallax. We used theoretical models from H- and
He-dominated atmospheres, with priors applied to parallax and spectral
type. From the posteriors, we derived the probability of an
H-dominated atmosphere and of calcium absorption for each source.
Outliers were identified as sources with chi2≥23.2, indicating
significant deviations from the best-fitting model. We analyzed the
residuals from the fits using the uniform manifold approximation and
projection (UMAP) technique, which enables the classification of
outliers into distinct categories. The catalog includes 14844 white
dwarfs with r<20mag and 1<plx<100mas, with 72% of the sources lacking
spectroscopic (R>500) classification. The application of UMAP to the
residuals identified three main types of outliers: random measurement
fluctuations (391 sources), metal-polluted white dwarfs (98 sources),
and two-component systems (282 sources). The last category also
includes white dwarfs with strong carbon absorption lines. We
validated the reliability of J-PLUS classifications by comparison with
spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy
Spectroscopic Instrument, and with Gaia BP/RP low-resolution spectra,
confirming a one-to-one correspondence between J-PLUS photometric and
spectroscopic classifications. The J-PLUS DR3 white dwarf catalog
provides a robust dataset for statistical studies. The use of
dimensionality reduction techniques enhances the identification of
peculiar objects, making this catalog a valuable resource for the
selection of interesting targets such as metal-polluted white dwarfs
or binary systems.
Description:
The catalog presents the inferred atmospheric parameters, calcium
absorption properties and outlier type for the 14844 white dwarfs with
r<20.0mag in common between the white dwarf catalog defined from Gaia
EDR3 in Gentile Fusillo et al. (2021MNRAS.508.3877G 2021MNRAS.508.3877G) and J-PLUS DR3
(Lopez-Sanjuan et al., 2024A&A...683A..29L 2024A&A...683A..29L). The J-PLUS twelve-band
photometry is compared with theoretical models to derive the
probability density functions (PDFs) for the effective temperature
(Teff), the surface gravity, and the parallax by assuming H- and
He-dominated atmospheres. We used pure-H models to describe
H-dominated atmospheres (Tremblay et al., 2011ApJ...730..128T 2011ApJ...730..128T,
2013A&A...559A.104T 2013A&A...559A.104T), while mixed models with H/He=10-5 at
Teff>6500K and pure-He models at Teff<6500K were used to describe
He-dominated atmospheres (Cukanovaite et al., 2018MNRAS.481.1522C 2018MNRAS.481.1522C,
2019MNRAS.490.1010C 2019MNRAS.490.1010C). The mass-radius relation of Fontaine et al.
(2001PASP..113..409F 2001PASP..113..409F) for thick (H-atmospheres) and thin
(He-atmospheres) hydrogen layers was assumed in the modeling. We
obtained the summary statistics for each parameter by marginalizing
the PDFs over the other parameters at a fixed atmospheric composition
and performing a Gaussian fit to the resulting distribution. The
reported parameters and their uncertainties are the median and the
dispersion of the best-fitting Gaussian. The probabilities of having
H-dominated atmosphere and calcium absorption were also computed.
Further details can be found in Lopez-Sanjuan et al.
(2022A&A...658A..79L 2022A&A...658A..79L, 2024A&A...691A.211L 2024A&A...691A.211L). The error-normalized
residuals from the best-fitting model in the 12 J-PLUS filters were
reduced with UMAP (McInnes et al., 2018arXiv180203426M 2018arXiv180203426M) to a 2D
manifold. The outlier sources with chi2>23.2 where classified in
three categories (Typeout): random fluctuations, metal-polluted
white dwarfs, and two component systems.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 274 14844 Atmospheric parameters, calcium absorption and
outlier type for J-PLUS DR3 white dwarfs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/A+A/658/A79 : J-PLUS white dwarf atmospheric parameters
(Lopez-Sanjuan+, 2022)
J/A+A/691/A211 : J-PLUS DR2 white dwarfs calcium absorption
(Lopez-Sanjuan+, 2024)
http://archive.cefca.es/catalogues/jplus-dr3 : J-PLUS DR3 Home Page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- TileID Identifier of the J-PLUS Tile image in the
r band where the object was detected
8- 13 I6 --- Number Number identifier assigned by SExtractor
for the object in the r band image
15- 22 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
24- 30 F7.4 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
32- 36 F5.2 mag rmag De-reddened total r-band apparent magnitude
38- 41 F4.2 mag e_rmag Uncertainty in rmag
43- 46 F4.2 --- psel Selection probability for rmag≤19.5mag
and 1≤parallax≤100mas
48- 52 F5.3 --- pH Probability of having a H-dominated
atmosphere
54- 61 F8.1 K TeffH Effective temperature for a H-dominated
atmosphere
63- 70 F8.1 K e_TeffH Uncertainty in TeffH
72- 75 F4.2 [cm/s2] loggH Decimal logarithm of the surface gravity
for a H-dominated atmosphere
77- 80 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_loggH Uncertainty in loggH
82- 86 F5.2 mas plxH Parallax for a H-dominated atmosphere
88- 91 F4.2 mas e_plxH Uncertainty in plxH
93- 97 F5.3 Msun MassH Mass for a H-dominated atmosphere
99-103 F5.3 Msun e_MassH Uncertainty in MassH
105-116 F12.2 pc3 VH Effective volume at 10≤d≤1000pc for
a H-dominated atmosphere
118-125 F8.1 K TeffHe Effective temperature for a He-dominated
atmosphere
127-133 F7.1 K e_TeffHe Uncertainty in TeffHe
135-138 F4.2 [cm/s2] loggHe Decimal logarithm of the surface gravity
for a He-dominated atmosphere
140-143 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_loggHe Uncertainty in loggHe
145-149 F5.2 mas plxHe Parallax for a He-dominated atmosphere
151-154 F4.2 mas e_plxHe Uncertainty in plxHe
156-160 F5.3 Msun MassHe Mass for a He-dominated atmosphere
162-166 F5.3 Msun e_MassHe Uncertainty in MassHe
168-179 F12.2 pc3 VHe Effective volume at 10≤d≤1000pc for
a He-dominated atmosphere
181-185 F5.3 --- pca Probability of having calcium absorption
187-193 F7.2 A EWJ0395 Equivalent width in the J0395 passband
195-200 F6.2 A e_EWJ0395 Unvertainty in EWJ0395
202-209 F8.1 K TeffCa Effective temperature from the calcium
absorption analysis
211-218 F8.1 K e_TeffCa Uncertainty in TeffCa
220-224 F5.2 [cm/s2] loggCa Decimal logarithm of the surface gravity
from the calcium absorption analysis
226-229 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_loggCa Uncertainty in loggCa
231-235 F5.2 mas plxCa Parallax from the calcium absorption
analysis
237-240 F4.2 mas e_plxCa Uncertainty in plxCa
242-246 F5.3 Msun MassCa Mass from the calcium absorption analysis
248-252 F5.3 Msun e_MassCa Uncertainty in MassCa
254-260 F7.2 --- chi2 Chi2 from the best-fitting model
262-266 F5.2 --- UMAP1 First dimension of the UMAP manifold
268-272 F5.2 --- UMAP2 Second dimension of the UMAP manifold
274 I1 --- Typeout Outlier type (Tout)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Carlos Lopez San Juan, clsj(at)cefca.es
(End) Carlos Lopez San Juan [CEFCA], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 22-Aug-2025