J/A+A/702/A38 NGC 4151 VHE spectral energy distribution (Abe+, 2025)
Very high energy observations of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 with MAGIC.
Indication of another gamma-ray obscured candidate neutrino source.
Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A.,
Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A.,
Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Babic A., Bakshi C.,
Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jimenez L., Batkovic I.,
Baxter J., Becerra Gonzalez J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J.,
Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G.,
Bosnjak Z., Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R.,
Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G.,
Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'Amico G.,
Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M.,
Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L.,
Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M.,
Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Farina L., Foffano L., Font L.,
Frose S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia Lopez R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S.,
Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P.,
Godinovic N., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Gunther P.,
Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hrupec D.,
Imazawa R., Israyelyan D., Jahanvi J., Jimenez Martinez I.,
Jimenez Quiles J., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T., Konrad J.,
Kouch P.M., Kubo H., Kushida J., Lainez M., Lamastra A., Lindfors E.,
Lombardi S., Longo F., Lopez-Coto R., Lopez-Moya M., Lopez-Oramas A.,
Loporchio S., Lulic L., Lyard E., Majumdar P., Makariev M., Mallamaci M.,
Maneva G., Manganaro M., Mangano S., Mannheim K., Marchesi S., Mariotti M.,
Martinez M., Marusevec P., Mas-Aguilar A., Mazin D., Menchiari S.,
Mendez Gallego J., Menon S., Miceli D., Miranda J.M., Mirzoyan R.,
Molero Gonzalez M., Molina E., Mondal H.A., Moralejo A., Nakamori T.,
Nanci C., Neustroev V., Nickel L., Nievas Rosillo M., Nigro C., Nikolic L.,
Nilsson K., Nishijima K., Noda K., Nozaki S., Ohtani Y., Okumura A.,
Otero-Santos J., Paiano S., Paneque D., Paoletti R., Paredes J.M.,
Peresano M., Persic M., Pihet M., Pirola G., Podobnik F., Prada Moroni P.G.,
Prandini E., Rhode W., Ribo M., Rico J., Sahakyan N., Saito T.,
Saturni F.G., Schmitz K., Schmuckermaier F., Schubert J.L., Schweizer T.,
Sciaccaluga A., Silvestri G., Simongini A., Sitarek J., Sliusar V.,
Sobczynska D., Stamerra A., Striskovic J., Strom D., Strzys M., Suda Y.,
Tajima H., Takahashi M., Takeishi R., Temnikov P., Terauchi K., Terzic T.,
Teshima M., Tutone A., Ubach S., van Scherpenberg J., Vazquez Acosta M.,
Ventura S., Verna G., Viale I., Vigliano A., Vigorito C.F., Visentin E.,
Vitale V., Vovk I., Walter R., Wersig F., Will M., Yamamoto T.,
Yeung P.K.H., Neronov A., Peretti E., Peron G.
<Astron. Astrophys. 702, A38 (2025)>
=2025A&A...702A..38A 2025A&A...702A..38A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, Seyfert ; Gamma rays
Keywords: neutrinos - galaxies: active - galaxies: individual: NGC 4151 -
galaxies: Seyfert
Abstract:
Seyfert galaxies are emerging as a promising source class of
high-energy neutrinos. The Seyfert galaxies NGC 4151 and NGC 1068 have
respectively come up as the most promising counterparts of a 3sigma
and of a 4.2sigma neutrino excesses detected by IceCube in the TeV
energy range. Constraining the very high energy (VHE) emission
associated with the neutrino signal is crucial to unveiling the
mechanism and site of neutrino production. In this work, we present
the first results of the VHE observations (∼29 hours) of NGC 4151 with
the MAGIC telescopes. We detected no gamma-ray excess in the direction
of NGC 4151, and we derived constraining upper limits on the VHE
gamma-ray flux. The integral flux upper limit (at the 95% confidence
level) above 200GeV is f=2.3e-12cm-2s^-1. Comparison of the MAGIC
and IceCube measurements suggests the presence of a gamma-ray obscured
accelerator, and it allowed us to constrain the gamma-ray optical
depth and the size of the neutrino production site.
Description:
In this work, we derive 95% confidence level differential flux upper
limits on the VHE gamma-ray flux of NGC 4151. Two power-law spectral
indices are assumed: Gamma=2.83 and Gamma=2.0. We list the average
energy of the bin, reweighed according to the assumed spectral index
and the number of detected excesses in that bin (following Lafferty &
Wyatt 1995).
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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12 10 32.58 +39 24 21.1 NGC 4151 = SDSS J121032.57+392421.1
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrec Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
figure1.dat 38 55 Squared angular distance (θ2) to the NGC 4151
position distribution shows the number of gamma-ray
candidate events as a function of the squared
angular separation between the reconstructed
gamma-ray direction and the NGC 4151 position
table1.dat 40 4 Spectral energy distribution of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3,
only MAGIC data
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See also:
J/AZh/71/189 : Gas Kinematics from Halpha line in NGC 4151 (Sergeev, 1994)
J/A+A/324/904 : NGC 4151 line-continuum diagram sequences (Malkov+ 1997)
J/PAZh/25/403 : Optical variability of NGC 4151 (Lyuty+, 1999)
J/PAZh/27/83 : Nuclear activity of NGC 4151 in 1989-2000 (Doroshenko+, 2001)
J/A+A/486/99 : Long-term spectral variability of NGC 4151 (Shapovalova+, 2008)
J/ApJ/670/105 : Velocity profile of NGC 4151 (Onken+, 2007)
J/ApJ/840/41 : X-ray/UV Swift monitoring of NGC 4151 (Edelson+, 2017)
J/ApJ/902/26 : HST opt. + H-band obs. of Cepheids in NGC4151 (Yuan+, 2020)
J/ApJ/912/126 : B and JHKL light curves of NGC 4151 (Lyu+, 2021)
J/ApJ/936/75 : Spectroscopy and photometry follow up for NGC 4151 (Li+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: figure1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 F5.3 deg2 theta2 Off-axis squared angle
9- 16 F8.3 --- Non Number of ON events
20- 27 F8.3 --- Noff Number of OFF events
33- 38 F6.3 --- DNoff OFF events uncertainty
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 F5.3 TeV E283 Energy (index = 2.83)
9- 13 F5.3 TeV E200 Energy (index = 2.00)
17- 21 F5.3 TeV b_E Energy bin width low
25- 29 F5.3 TeV B_E Energy bin width up
33- 35 F3.1 10-13TeV/cm2/s E2FE283 Upper limit on photon flux at E283
38- 40 F3.1 10-13TeV/cm2/s E2FE200 Upper limit on photon flux at E200
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Acknowledgements:
Alessandra Lamastra, alessandra.lamastra(at)inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 28-Aug-2025