J/A+A/702/A77 Catalog of 9698 planet candidate solar-type hosts (Kiefer+, 2025)
Searching for substellar companion candidates with Gaia.
II. A catalog of 9698 planet candidate solar-type hosts.
Kiefer F., Lagrange A.-M., Rubini P., Philipot F.
<Astron. Astrophys. 702, A77 (2025)>
=2025A&A...702A..77K 2025A&A...702A..77K (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Radial velocities ;
Optical
Keywords: astronomical databases: miscellaneous - astrometry -
planets and satellites: detection
Abstract:
In a previous paper, we introduced a new tool called GaiaPMEX. It
characterizes the mass and semi-major axis relative to the central
star (sma) of a possible companion around any source observed with
Gaia. It uses the value of RUWE, or, with both Gaia and Hipparcos, the
value of proper motion anomaly (PMa), alone or combined with the RUWE.
Our goal is to exploit the large volume of sources in Gaia's DR3 and
find new exoplanet candidates. We wish to create a new input catalog
of planet-candidate hosting systems to the disposal of future
follow-up projects. Beyond G=14, this catalog would prepare the
arrival of powerful instruments on the ELTs, that could include RV
follow- up of faint stars and direct imaging of planets around main
sequence Gyr-old stars. We used the mass-sma degenerate set of
solutions obtained by GaiaPMEX from any value of RUWE to select a
sample of bright (G<16) Gaia sources whose companions could be
planetary, with a mass <13.5MJup. It led us to identify a sample of
9698 planet candidate hosting sources, whose companion may have a
mass <13.5MJup in the range of 1-3au sma. We identified 19 systems
that are also reported in the Nasa exoplanet archive. We detected 8
substellar companions with a 1-3-au sma, initially discovered and
characterised with RV and astrometry. Moreover, we found 6
transiting-planet systems and 2 wide- orbit systems for whom we
predict the existence of supplementary companions. Focusing on the
subsample of sources observed with Hipparcos, combining RUWE and PMa,
we confirmed the identification of 4 new planetary candidate systems
HD 187129, HD 81697, CD-42 883 , and HD 105330. Given the degeneracy
of mass-sma, many of the candidates in this 9698 sources catalog
might have a larger mass, in the brown-dwarf and stellar domain, if
their sma departs from the 1-3au range. The vetting of this large
catalog will be the subject of future studies.
Description:
In this work, we report an extensive catalog of 9698 planet-candidate
hosts with a primary star more massive than 0.5M☉ in which the
astrometric signature of ruwe, σUEVA,ruwe, is more significant
than 2.7σ, predicting a minimum mass of a companion lying in the
planetary domain, that is <13.5MJ.
This catalog is obtained by successive selection steps, as explained
in the paper.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tableb1.dat 265 9698 Candidates systems
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See also:
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file:tableb1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- Seq [1/9698] Identification number in the catalog
(Catalog ID)
6- 7 I2 h RAh ? Right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (RAh)
9- 10 I2 min RAm ? Right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (RAm)
12- 18 F7.4 s RAs ? Right ascension (ICRS) at (Ep=2016.0RAs)
20 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (ICRS) Ep=2016.0 (DE-)
21- 22 I2 deg DEd ? Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (DEd)
24- 25 I2 arcmin DEm ? Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (DEm)
27- 32 F6.3 arcsec DEs ? Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (DEs)
34- 41 A8 --- --- [Gaia DR3]
43- 61 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 Identification number (Gaia DR3 ID)
63- 94 A32 --- Alias Main alias of the star (main alias)
96-105 A10 --- HIP Name of the star in the Hipparcos catalog
(HIP name)
107-111 F5.2 --- Gmag Magnitude in Gaia G-band (G)
113-118 F6.2 --- Vmag ? Magnitude in Johnson V-band (V)
120-125 F6.2 --- Kmag ? Magnitude in Johnson K-band (K)
127-132 F6.3 --- B-V ? B-V color index from Johnson B- and V-band
magnitude (B-V)
134-138 F5.3 --- BP-RP BP-RP color index from Gaia BP- and RP-band
magnitude (BP-RP)
140-144 F5.2 mas plx Parallax from the Gaia DR3 Catalog
(Gaia Collaboration, Vallenari et al.,
2023A&A...674A...1G 2023A&A...674A...1G) (PLX)
146-160 A15 --- SpType Spectral type from Simbad (SP TYPE)
162-166 F5.3 Msun MstarFlame Mass of the star from the mass-flame
parameter in the Gaia CU8 catalog
(Gaia Collaboration, Creevey et al.,
2023A&A...674A...1G 2023A&A...674A...1G) (Mstar_Flame)
168-169 A2 --- Dataset Identification of Gaia sources' astrometry
fitted with 5 or 6 parameters (5p/6p)
(Dataset)
171-173 I3 --- NFOV [14/170] Number of field-of-view (FOV)
transits during the Gaia DR3 observing
campaign (astrometricmatchedtransit in the
Gaia DR3 catalog) (N_FOV)
175 I1 --- NAL [8/9] Deduced average number of astrometric
along-scan angle measurements during a
single FOV transit (N_AL)
177-181 F5.3 mas AEN astrometricexcessnoise from Gaia DR3
catalog (AEN)
183-187 F5.3 --- RUWE Renormalised unit weight error from Gaia DR3
catalog (RUWE)
189-193 F5.3 mas sigmacalib G-mag and BP-RP dependent calibration noise
as determined in Paper I (Kiefer, Lagrange,
et al. 2024a) (sigma_calib)
195-199 F5.3 mas sigmaAL G-mag and BP-RP dependent along-scan angle
measurement noise as determined in Paper I
(sigma_AL)
201-205 F5.3 mas sigmaatt RA-Dec dependent attitude excess noise as
determined in Paper I (sigma_att)
207-211 F5.3 mas alphaU Astrometric signature determined from the
RUWE (alphaUEVARUWE)
213-219 E7.3 --- pRUWE p-value of the RUWE in the single-star null
hypothesis (Paper I) (p_RUWE)
221-226 F6.1 ---- s_RUWE Significance of the RUWE as a number of sigma
(s_RUWE) (1)
228-231 F4.1 Mjup Mplmin Approximate minimum mass of the planet
deduced from the RUWE (Papers I & II)
(Mplanetmin)
233-236 F4.2 au smaPlmin Approximate semi-major axis of the planet if
the mass is Mplanetmin (smaplanetmin)
238-243 F6.2 mas rhoPlmin Planet-to-star angular separation at
smaplanetmin (rhoplanetmin)
245-261 A17 --- WDS Name of the star in the WDS catalog
(if found) (WDS_ID)
263 I1 --- NSSflag [0/3]? Flag indicating the type of solution
determined in the Gaia non-single star
catalog (see Gaia Collaboration,
Arenou et al., 2023A&A...674A..34G 2023A&A...674A..34G)
(NSS_flag) (2)
265 I1 --- NPlNEA ? Number of planets found in the Nasa
Exoplanet Archive (NplanetaNEA)
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Note (1): e.g. p_RUWE = 31.7%, 4.6% => s_RUWE = 1, 2).
9999 indicates that s_RUWE>8.2-sigma.
Note (2): Flag as follows:
0 = None
1 = Astrometric
2 = Spectroscopic
3 = Eclipsing Binary
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Acknowledgements:
Flavien Kiefer, flavien.kiefer(at)obspm.fr
References:
Kiefer et al., Paper I 2025A&A...702A..76K 2025A&A...702A..76K
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 24-Sep-2025