J/A+A/705/A117 LEWIS IV. Globular cluster population (Mirabile+, 2026)
Looking into the faintEst WIth MUSE (LEWIS): Exploring the nature of
ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra-I cluster.
IV. A study of the globular cluster population in four ultra-diffuse galaxies.
Mirabile M., Cantiello M., Rejkuba M., Mieske S., Iodice E., Buttitta C.,
Buzzo M.L., Hartke J., Doll G., Rossi L., Arnaboldi M., Branchesi M.,
D'Ago G., Falcon-Barroso J., Fahrion K., Forbes D.A., Gullieuszik M.,
Hilker M., Lohmann F.S., Paolillo M., Riccio G., Richtler T., Spavone M.
<Astron. Astrophys. 705, A117 (2026)>
=2026A&A...705A.117M 2026A&A...705A.117M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, nearby ; Clusters, globular ; Photometry ; Optical ;
Infrared
Keywords: galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: dwarf -
galaxies: clusters: individual: Hydra I -
galaxies: star clusters: general
Abstract:
As some of the oldest stellar systems in the Universe, globular
clusters (GCs) are key fossil tracers of galaxy formation and
interaction histories. This paper is part of the LEWIS project, which
provides the first homogeneous MUSE integral-field spectroscopic
survey of a complete sample of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the
Hydra I cluster.
We use MUSE spectroscopy and new VIRCAM H-band imaging data to study
the GC populations and dark matter content in four dwarf galaxies from
the LEWIS sample, which were found to host several GC candidates based
on previous photometric studies.
We retrieved line-of-sight velocities (LOSVs) for all the sources in
the observed MUSE fields and classified them based on their spectral
features and LOSVs. Because the spectroscopic measurements are limited
to relatively bright sources (mH≲23.5 AB mag), we developed a
multi-band photometric procedure to identify additional GC candidates
that are too faint for spectroscopic confirmation. GC candidates were
selected based on a combination of photometric properties (colors,
magnitudes) and morphometric criteria (shape and size). The same
selection criteria were applied to empty fields to estimate a
statistical background correction for the number of identified GC
candidates. Additionally, H-band observations were used to constrain
the stellar masses of the studied galaxies.
Based on the spectroscopic classification, we confirm one GC in UDG 3,
two in UDG 7, and four in UDG 11, while UDG 9 has no spectroscopically
confirmed bright GCs. We identify four intracluster GCs in the
vicinity of UDG 3 and UDG 11, and one ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) with a
radial velocity only -85±10km/s different from that of UDG 7 and
thus possibly bound to it. Considering the completeness correction and
accounting for possible contamination by unresolved background
galaxies, from the photometry we estimate that the number of GCs
ranges between 0 and ∼40 for the investigated UDGs. Their specific
frequencies suggest that three out of four UDGs are either GC rich,
similar to those in the Coma cluster, or belong to an intermediate
population, as seen in the Perseus cluster. Dark matter content
estimates, inferred from GC counts and stellar mass, indicate that
these galaxies are dark matter dominated, with dynamical-to-stellar
mass ratios Ndyn/M* ranging from ∼10-1000.
Description:
This catalog contains photometric and morphological measurements of
galaxies observed in multiple bands (H, g, r, i, and white). The
dataset includes positional, magnitude, aperture, and error
measurements, along with shape and classification parameters for each
galaxy.
The photometry in the g, r, and i bands has been obtained using
SExtractor in dual image mode using the white band image as the
detection image. The H band magnitude has been obtained by applying
forced photometry on VIRCAM/VISTA H-band observations of the targeted
galaxies.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------------------
10 36 58.63 -27 08 10.21 UDG3 = [ICH2020] Hydra I-UDG 3
10 36 37.16 -27 22 54.93 UDG7 = [ICH2020] Hydra I-UDG 7
10 37 22.85 -27 36 02.80 UDG9 = [ICH2020] Hydra I-UDG 9
10 34 59.55 -27 25 37.95 UDG11 = [ICH2020] Hydra I-UDG 11
10 36 42.90 -27 31 38.07 NGC3311 = HCC 1
----------------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
ngc3311.dat 86 423 NGC 3311 master catalog (table B1)
udg3.dat 2373 288 UDG 3 complete g,i,W,H bands catalog
udg7.dat 2373 357 UDG 7 complete g,i,W,H bands catalog
udg9.dat 2373 321 UDG 9 complete g,i,W,H bands catalog
udg11.dat 2373 436 UDG 11 complete g,i,W,H bands catalog
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: ngc3311.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) (RA)
13- 23 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000) (Dec)
25- 31 F7.4 mag wmag White band magnitude AUTO (MAGAUTOwhite)
33- 39 F7.4 mag gmag g band magnitude AUTO (MAGAUTOg)
41- 47 F7.4 mag rmag r band magnitude AUTO (MAGAUTOr)
49- 55 F7.4 mag imag i band magnitude AUTO (MAGAUTOi)
57- 74 F18.15 mag Hmag H magnitude (mag_H)
76- 80 F5.2 arcsec FWHM FWHM in white band FWHMIMAGEwhite
82- 86 F5.3 --- ClassStar Class Star in white band (CLASSSTARwhite)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: udg3.dat udg7.dat udg9.dat udg11.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) (RA)
13- 23 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000) (Dec)
25- 43 F19.15 mag Hmagap ? H aperture magnitude (magHaper) (1)
45- 68 F24.19 mag e_Hmagap []? H aperture magnitude error
(magerrorH_aper)
70- 87 F18.15 mag Hmag ? H magnitude (mag_H)
89- 111 F23.18 mag e_Hmag ? H magnitude error (magerrorH)
113- 115 I3 --- Ng Number of observations in g band
(NUMBER_g)
117- 127 F11.7 deg RAdegg Right ascension (J2000) in g band
(ALPHAJ2000g)
129- 139 F11.7 deg DEdegg Declination (J2000) in g band
(DELTAJ2000g)
141- 148 F8.4 pix Ximgg X image in g band (XIMAGEg)
150- 157 F8.4 pix Yimgg Y image in g band (YIMAGEg)
159- 165 F7.4 mag gmag ?=99 g total magnitude calculated using
SExtractor's automatic aperture (AUTO)
(MAGAUTOg)
167- 174 F8.4 mag e_gmag ?=99 g total magnitude calculated using
SExtractor's automatic aperture (AUTO)
error (MAGERRAUTOg)
176- 182 F7.4 mag gmagap ?=99 g magnitude in 2pix aperture
(MAGAPERg)
184- 190 F7.4 mag gmagap1 ?=99 g magnitude in 3pix aperture
(MAGAPER1_g)
192- 198 F7.4 mag gmagap2 ?=99 g magnitude in 4pix aperture
(MAGAPER2_g)
200- 206 F7.4 mag gmagap3 ?=99 g magnitude in 5pix aperture
(MAGAPER3_g)
208- 214 F7.4 mag gmagap4 ?=99 g magnitude in 6pix aperture
(MAGAPER4_g)
216- 222 F7.4 mag gmagap5 ?=99 g magnitude in 7pix aperture
(MAGAPER5_g)
224- 230 F7.4 mag gmagap6 ?=99 g magnitude in 8pix aperture
(MAGAPER6_g)
232- 238 F7.4 mag gmagap7 ?=99 g magnitude in 12pix aperture
(MAGAPER7_g)
240- 246 F7.4 mag gmagap8 ?=99 g magnitude in 16pix aperture
(MAGAPER8_g)
248- 254 F7.4 mag gmagap9 ?=99 g magnitude in 20pix aperture
(MAGAPER9_g)
256- 262 F7.4 mag gmagap10 ?=99 g magnitude in 24pix aperture
(MAGAPER10_g)
264- 270 F7.4 mag gmagap11 ?=99 g magnitude in 28pix aperture
(MAGAPER11_g)
272- 278 F7.4 mag gmagap12 ?=99 g magnitude in 32pix aperture
(MAGAPER12_g)
280- 286 F7.4 mag gmagap13 ?=99 g magnitude in 36pix aperture
(MAGAPER13_g)
288- 294 F7.4 mag gmagap14 ?=99 g magnitude in 40pix aperture
(MAGAPER14_g)
296- 302 F7.4 mag gmagap15 ?=99 g magnitude in 44pix aperture
(MAGAPER15_g)
304- 310 F7.4 mag gmagap16 ?=99 g magnitude in 48pix aperture
(MAGAPER16_g)
312- 318 F7.4 mag gmagap17 ?=99 g magnitude in 52pix aperture
(MAGAPER17_g)
320- 326 F7.4 mag gmagap18 ?=99 g magnitude in 56pix aperture
(MAGAPER18_g)
328- 334 F7.4 mag gmagap19 ?=99 g magnitude in 60pix aperture
(MAGAPER19_g)
336- 342 F7.4 mag gmagap20 ?=99 g magnitude in 70pix aperture
(MAGAPER20_g)
344- 350 F7.4 mag gmagap21 ?=99 g magnitude in 80pix aperture
(MAGAPER21_g)
352- 358 F7.4 mag gmagap22 ?=99 g magnitude in 90pix aperture
(MAGAPER22_g)
360- 366 F7.4 mag gmagap23 ?=99 g magnitude in 100pix aperture
(MAGAPER23_g)
368- 375 F8.4 mag e_gmagap ?=99 g magnitude in 2pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPERg)
377- 383 F7.4 mag e_gmagap1 ?=99 g magnitude in 3pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER1_g)
385- 391 F7.4 mag e_gmagap2 ?=99 g magnitude in 4pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER2_g)
393- 402 F10.4 mag e_gmagap3 ?=99 g magnitude in 5pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER3_g)
404- 410 F7.4 mag e_gmagap4 ?=99 g magnitude in 6pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER4_g)
412- 418 F7.4 mag e_gmagap5 ?=99 g magnitude in 7pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER5_g)
420- 426 F7.4 mag e_gmagap6 ?=99 g magnitude in 8pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER6_g)
428- 434 F7.4 mag e_gmagap7 ?=99 g magnitude in 12pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER7_g)
436- 442 F7.4 mag e_gmagap8 ?=99 g magnitude in 16pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER8_g)
444- 451 F8.4 mag e_gmagap9 ?=99 g magnitude in 20pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER9_g)
453- 460 F8.4 mag e_gmagap10 ?=99 g magnitude in 24pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER10_g)
462- 469 F8.4 mag e_gmagap11 ?=99 g magnitude in 28pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER11_g)
471- 477 F7.4 mag e_gmagap12 ?=99 g magnitude in 32pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER12_g)
479- 485 F7.4 mag e_gmagap13 ?=99 g magnitude in 36pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER13_g)
487- 493 F7.4 mag e_gmagap14 ?=99 g magnitude in 40pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER14_g)
495- 502 F8.4 mag e_gmagap15 ?=99 g magnitude in 44pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER15_g)
504- 510 F7.4 mag e_gmagap16 ?=99 g magnitude in 48pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER16_g)
512- 518 F7.4 mag e_gmagap17 ?=99 g magnitude in 52pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER17_g)
520- 526 F7.4 mag e_gmagap18 ?=99 g magnitude in 56pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER18_g)
528- 534 F7.4 mag e_gmagap19 ?=99 g magnitude in 60pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER19_g)
536- 542 F7.4 mag e_gmagap20 ?=99 g magnitude in 70pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER20_g)
544- 551 F8.4 mag e_gmagap21 ?=99 g magnitude in 80pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER21_g)
553- 559 F7.4 mag e_gmagap22 ?=99 g magnitude in 90pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER22_g)
561- 567 F7.4 mag e_gmagap23 ?=99 g magnitude in 100pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER23_g)
569- 575 F7.4 mag/arcsec2 gmuMax ?=99 Peak model surface brightness above
the background in g band
(MUMAXg)
577- 588 E12.10 deg gAWorld Isophotal major axis in g band
(AWORLDg)
590- 601 E12.7 deg e_gAWorld Isophotal major axis error in g band
(ERRAWORLDg)
603- 614 E12.10 deg gBWorld Isophotal minor axis in g band
(BWORLDg)
616- 627 E12.7 deg e_gBWorld Isophotal minor axis error in g band
(ERRBWORLDg)
629- 634 F6.3 --- gelong Elongation in g band
(ELONGATION_g)
636- 641 F6.2 deg gtheta Isophotal position angle in g band
(THETAWORLDg)
643- 651 F9.3 kpc gradFlux Radius containing 50% of the light in
g band (FLUXRADIUSg)
653- 657 F5.2 kpc gradKron Kron radius in g band (KRONRADIUSg)
659- 663 F5.2 deg gradPetro Petro radius in g band (PETRORADIUSg)
665- 670 F6.2 arcsec gFWHMImg Source FWHM in g band (FWHMIMAGEg)
672- 673 I2 --- gFlags Flags in g band (FLAGS_g) (2)
675- 679 F5.3 --- gClassStar [0/1] Class Star in g gand
(CLASSSTARg) (3)
681- 683 I3 --- Nr Number of observation in r band
(NUMBER_r)
685- 695 F11.7 deg RAdegr Right ascension (J2000) in r band
(ALPHAJ2000r)
697- 707 F11.7 deg DEdegr Declination (J2000) in r band
(DELTAJ2000r)
709- 716 F8.4 pix Ximgr X image in r band (XIMAGEr)
718- 725 F8.4 pix Yimgr Y image in r band (YIMAGEr)
727- 733 F7.4 mag rmag ?=99 r total magnitude calculated using
SExtractor's automatic aperture (AUTO)
(MAGAUTOr)
735- 742 F8.4 mag e_rmag ?=99 r total magnitude calculated using
SExtractor's automatic aperture (AUTO)
error (MAGERRAUTOr)
744- 750 F7.4 mag rmagap ?=99 r magnitude in 2pix aperture
(MAGAPERr)
752- 758 F7.4 mag rmagap1 ?=99 r magnitude in 3pix aperture
(MAGAPER1_r)
760- 766 F7.4 mag rmagap2 ?=99 r magnitude in 4pix aperture
(MAGAPER2_r)
768- 774 F7.4 mag rmagap3 ?=99 r magnitude in 5pix aperture
(MAGAPER3_r)
776- 782 F7.4 mag rmagap4 ?=99 r magnitude in 6pix aperture
(MAGAPER4_r)
784- 790 F7.4 mag rmagap5 ?=99 r magnitude in 7pix aperture
(MAGAPER5_r)
792- 798 F7.4 mag rmagap6 ?=99 r magnitude in 8pix aperture
(MAGAPER6_r)
800- 806 F7.4 mag rmagap7 ?=99 r magnitude in 12pix aperture
(MAGAPER7_r)
808- 814 F7.4 mag rmagap8 ?=99 r magnitude in 16pix aperture
(MAGAPER8_r)
816- 822 F7.4 mag rmagap9 ?=99 r magnitude in 20pix aperture
(MAGAPER9_r)
824- 830 F7.4 mag rmagap10 ?=99 r magnitude in 24pix aperture
(MAGAPER10_r)
832- 838 F7.4 mag rmagap11 ?=99 r magnitude in 28pix aperture
(MAGAPER11_r)
840- 846 F7.4 mag rmagap12 ?=99 r magnitude in 32pix aperture
(MAGAPER12_r)
848- 854 F7.4 mag rmagap13 ?=99 r magnitude in 36pix aperture
(MAGAPER13_r)
856- 862 F7.4 mag rmagap14 ?=99 r magnitude in 40pix aperture
(MAGAPER14_r)
864- 870 F7.4 mag rmagap15 ?=99 r magnitude in 44pix aperture
(MAGAPER15_r)
872- 878 F7.4 mag rmagap16 ?=99 r magnitude in 48pix aperture
(MAGAPER16_r)
880- 886 F7.4 mag rmagap17 ?=99 r magnitude in 52pix aperture
(MAGAPER17_r)
888- 894 F7.4 mag rmagap18 ?=99 r magnitude in 56pix aperture
(MAGAPER18_r)
896- 902 F7.4 mag rmagap19 ?=99 r magnitude in 60pix aperture
(MAGAPER19_r)
904- 910 F7.4 mag rmagap20 ?=99 r magnitude in 70pix aperture
(MAGAPER20_r)
912- 918 F7.4 mag rmagap21 ?=99 r magnitude in 80pix aperture
(MAGAPER21_r)
920- 926 F7.4 mag rmagap22 ?=99 r magnitude in 90pix aperture
(MAGAPER22_r)
928- 934 F7.4 mag rmagap23 ?=99 r magnitude in 100pix aperture
(MAGAPER23_r)
936- 942 F7.4 mag e_rmagap ?=99 r magnitude in 2pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPERr)
944- 950 F7.4 mag e_rmagap1 ?=99 r magnitude in 3pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER1_r)
952- 958 F7.4 mag e_rmagap2 ?=99 r magnitude in 4pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER2_r)
960- 967 F8.4 mag e_rmagap3 ?=99 r magnitude in 5pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER3_r)
969- 976 F8.4 mag e_rmagap4 ?=99 r magnitude in 6pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER4_r)
978- 984 F7.4 mag e_rmagap5 ?=99 r magnitude in 7pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER5_r)
986- 993 F8.4 mag e_rmagap6 ?=99 r magnitude in 8pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER6_r)
995-1001 F7.4 mag e_rmagap7 ?=99 r magnitude in 12pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER7_r)
1003-1009 F7.4 mag e_rmagap8 ?=99 r magnitude in 16pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER8_r)
1011-1018 F8.4 mag e_rmagap9 ?=99 r magnitude in 20pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER9_r)
1020-1026 F7.4 mag e_rmagap10 ?=99 r magnitude in 24pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER10_r)
1028-1035 F8.4 mag e_rmagap11 ?=99 r magnitude in 28pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER11_r)
1037-1044 F8.4 mag e_rmagap12 ?=99 r magnitude in 32pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER12_r)
1046-1052 F7.4 mag e_rmagap13 ?=99 r magnitude in 36pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER13_r)
1054-1060 F7.4 mag e_rmagap14 ?=99 r magnitude in 40pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER14_r)
1062-1069 F8.4 mag e_rmagap15 ?=99 r magnitude in 44pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER15_r)
1071-1077 F7.4 mag e_rmagap16 ?=99 r magnitude in 48pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER16_r)
1079-1085 F7.4 mag e_rmagap17 ?=99 r magnitude in 52pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER17_r)
1087-1093 F7.4 mag e_rmagap18 ?=99 r magnitude in 56pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER18_r)
1095-1101 F7.4 mag e_rmagap19 ?=99 r magnitude in 60pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER19_r)
1103-1109 F7.4 mag e_rmagap20 ?=99 r magnitude in 70pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER20_r)
1111-1117 F7.4 mag e_rmagap21 ?=99 r magnitude in 80pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER21_r)
1119-1125 F7.4 mag e_rmagap22 ?=99 r magnitude in 90pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER22_r)
1127-1134 F8.4 mag e_rmagap23 ?=99 r magnitude in 100pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER23_r)
1136-1142 F7.4 mag/arcsec2 rmuMax ?=99 Peak model surface brightness above
the background in r band (MUMAXr)
1144-1155 E12.10 deg rAWorld Isophotal major axis in r band
(AWORLDr)
1157-1168 E12.7 deg e_rAWorld Isophotal major axis error in r band
(ERRAWORLDr)
1170-1181 E12.10 deg rBWorld Isophotal minor axis in r band
(BWORLDr)
1183-1194 E12.7 deg e_rBWorld Isophotal minor axis error in r band
(ERRBWORLDr)
1196-1201 F6.3 --- relong Elongation in r band (ELONGATION_r)
1203-1208 F6.2 deg rtheta Isophotal position angle in r band
(THETAWORLDr)
1210-1218 F9.3 kpc rradFlux Radius containing 50% of the light in
r band (FLUXRADIUSr)
1220-1224 F5.2 kpc rradKron Kron radius in r band (KRONRADIUSr)
1226-1230 F5.2 deg rrasPetro Petro radius in r band (PETRORADIUSr)
1232-1238 F7.2 arcsec rFWHMImg Source FWHM in r band (FWHMIMAGEr)
1240-1241 I2 --- rFlags Flags in r band (FLAGS_r) (2)
1243-1247 F5.3 --- rClassStar [0/1] Class Star in r band
(CLASSSTARr) (3)
1249-1251 I3 --- Ni Number of observations in i band
(NUMBER_i)
1253-1263 F11.7 deg RAdegi Right ascension (J2000) in i band
(ALPHAJ2000i)
1265-1275 F11.7 deg DEdegi Declination (J2000) in i band
(DELTAJ2000i)
1277-1284 F8.4 pix Ximgi X image in i band (XIMAGEi)
1286-1293 F8.4 pix Yimgi Y image in i band (YIMAGEi)
1295-1301 F7.4 mag imag ?=99 i total magnitude calculated using
SExtractor's automatic aperture (AUTO)
(MAGAUTOi)
1303-1309 F7.4 mag e_imag ?=99 i total magnitude calculated using
SExtractor's automatic aperture (AUTO)
error (MAGERRAUTOi)
1311-1317 F7.4 mag imagap ?=99 i magnitude in 2pix aperture
(MAGAPERi)
1319-1325 F7.4 mag imagap1 ?=99 i magnitude in 3pix aperture
(MAGAPER1_i)
1327-1333 F7.4 mag imagap2 ?=99 i magnitude in 4pix aperture
(MAGAPER2_i)
1335-1341 F7.4 mag imagap3 ?=99 i magnitude in 5pix aperture
(MAGAPER3_i)
1343-1349 F7.4 mag imagap4 ?=99 i magnitude in 6pix aperture
(MAGAPER4_i)
1351-1357 F7.4 mag imagap5 ?=99 i magnitude in 7pix aperture
(MAGAPER5_i)
1359-1365 F7.4 mag imagap6 ?=99 i magnitude in 8pix aperture
(MAGAPER6_i)
1367-1373 F7.4 mag imagap7 ?=99 i magnitude in 12pix aperture
(MAGAPER7_i)
1375-1381 F7.4 mag imagap8 ?=99 i magnitude in 16pix aperture
(MAGAPER8_i)
1383-1389 F7.4 mag imagap9 ?=99 i magnitude in 20pix aperture
(MAGAPER9_i)
1391-1397 F7.4 mag imagap10 ?=99 i magnitude in 24pix aperture
(MAGAPER10_i)
1399-1405 F7.4 mag imagap11 ?=99 i magnitude in 28pix aperture
(MAGAPER11_i)
1407-1413 F7.4 mag imagap12 ?=99 i magnitude in 32pix aperture
(MAGAPER12_i)
1415-1421 F7.4 mag imagap13 ?=99 i magnitude in 36pix aperture
(MAGAPER13_i)
1423-1429 F7.4 mag imagap14 ?=99 i magnitude in 40pix aperture
(MAGAPER14_i)
1431-1437 F7.4 mag imagap15 ?=99 i magnitude in 44pix aperture
(MAGAPER15_i)
1439-1445 F7.4 mag imagap16 ?=99 i magnitude in 48pix aperture
(MAGAPER16_i)
1447-1453 F7.4 mag imagap17 ?=99 i magnitude in 52pix aperture
(MAGAPER17_i)
1455-1461 F7.4 mag imagap18 ?=99 i magnitude in 56pix aperture
(MAGAPER18_i)
1463-1469 F7.4 mag imagap19 ?=99 i magnitude in 60pix aperture
(MAGAPER19_i)
1471-1477 F7.4 mag imagap20 ?=99 i magnitude in 70pix aperture
(MAGAPER20_i)
1479-1485 F7.4 mag imagap21 ?=99 i magnitude in 80pix aperture
(MAGAPER21_i)
1487-1493 F7.4 mag imagap22 ?=99 i magnitude in 90pix aperture
(MAGAPER22_i)
1495-1501 F7.4 mag imagap23 ?=99 i magnitude in 100pix aperture
(MAGAPER23_i)
1503-1509 F7.4 mag e_imagap ?=99 i magnitude in 2pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPERi)
1511-1517 F7.4 mag e_imagap1 ?=99 i magnitude in 3pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER1_i)
1519-1525 F7.4 mag e_imagap2 ?=99 i magnitude in 4pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER2_i)
1527-1533 F7.4 mag e_imagap3 ?=99 i magnitude in 5pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER3_i)
1535-1541 F7.4 mag e_imagap4 ?=99 i magnitude in 6pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER4_i)
1543-1549 F7.4 mag e_imagap5 ?=99 i magnitude in 7pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER5_i)
1551-1557 F7.4 mag e_imagap6 ?=99 i magnitude in 8pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER6_i)
1559-1565 F7.4 mag e_imagap7 ?=99 i magnitude in 12pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER7_i)
1567-1573 F7.4 mag e_imagap8 ?=99 i magnitude in 16pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER8_i)
1575-1581 F7.4 mag e_imagap9 ?=99 i magnitude in 20pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER9_i)
1583-1591 F9.4 mag e_imagap10 ?=99 i magnitude in 24pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER10_i)
1593-1600 F8.4 mag e_imagap11 ?=99 i magnitude in 28pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER11_i)
1602-1608 F7.4 mag e_imagap12 ?=99 i magnitude in 32pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER12_i)
1610-1617 F8.4 mag e_imagap13 ?=99 i magnitude in 36pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER13_i)
1619-1626 F8.4 mag e_imagap14 ?=99 i magnitude in 40pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER14_i)
1628-1634 F7.4 mag e_imagap15 ?=99 i magnitude in 44pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER15_i)
1636-1643 F8.4 mag e_imagap16 ?=99 i magnitude in 48pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER16_i)
1645-1651 F7.4 mag e_imagap17 ?=99 i magnitude in 52pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER17_i)
1653-1660 F8.4 mag e_imagap18 ?=99 i magnitude in 56pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER18_i)
1662-1668 F7.4 mag e_imagap19 ?=99 i magnitude in 60pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER19_i)
1670-1676 F7.4 mag e_imagap20 ?=99 i magnitude in 70pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER20_i)
1678-1684 F7.4 mag e_imagap21 ?=99 i magnitude in 80pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER21_i)
1686-1692 F7.4 mag e_imagap22 ?=99 i magnitude in 90pix aperture error
(MAGERRAPER22_i)
1694-1701 F8.4 mag e_imagap23 ?=99 i magnitude in 100pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER23_i)
1703-1709 F7.4 mag/arcsec2 imuMax ?=99 Peak model surface brightness above
the background in i band (MUMAXi)
1711-1722 E12.10 deg iAWorld Isophotal major axis in i band
(AWORLDi)
1724-1735 E12.7 deg e_iAWorld Isophotal major axis error in i band
(ERRAWORLDi)
1737-1748 E12.10 deg iBWorld Isophotal minor axis in i band
(BWORLDi)
1750-1761 E12.7 deg e_iBWorld Isophotal minor axis error in i band
(ERRBWORLDi)
1763-1768 F6.3 --- ielong Elongation in i band
(ELONGATION_i)
1770-1775 F6.2 deg itheta Isophotal position angle in i band
(THETAWORLDi)
1777-1785 F9.3 kpc iradFlux Radius containing 50% of the light
in i band (FLUXRADIUSi)
1787-1791 F5.2 kpc iradKron Kron radius in i band (KRONRADIUSi)
1793-1797 F5.2 deg irasPetro Petro radius in i band (PETRORADIUSi)
1799-1804 F6.2 arcsec iFWHMImg Source FWHM in i band (FWHMIMAGEi)
1806-1807 I2 --- iFlags Flags in i band (FLAGS_i) (2)
1809-1813 F5.3 --- iClassStar [0/1] Class Star in i band
(CLASSSTARi) (3)
1815-1817 I3 --- Nw Number of observations in white band
(NUMBER_white)
1819-1829 F11.7 deg RAdegw Right ascension (J2000) in white band
(ALPHAJ2000white)
1831-1841 F11.7 deg DEdegw Declination (J2000) in white band
(DELTAJ2000white)
1843-1850 F8.4 pix Ximgw X image in white band (XIMAGEwhite)
1852-1859 F8.4 pix Yimgw Y image in white band (YIMAGEwhite)
1861-1867 F7.4 mag wmag ?=99 white total magnitude calculated
using SExtractor's automatic aperture
(AUTO) (MAGAUTOwhite)
1869-1876 F8.4 mag e_wmag ?=99 white total magnitude calculated
using SExtractor's automatic aperture
(AUTO) error (MAGERRAUTOwhite)
1878-1884 F7.4 mag wmagap ?=99 white magnitude in 2pix aperture
(MAGAPERwhite)
1886-1892 F7.4 mag wmagap1 ?=99 white magnitude in 3pix aperture
(MAGAPER1_white)
1894-1900 F7.4 mag wmagap2 ?=99 white magnitude in 4pix aperture
(MAGAPER2_white)
1902-1908 F7.4 mag wmagap3 ?=99 white magnitude in 5pix aperture
(MAGAPER3_white)
1910-1916 F7.4 mag wmagap4 ?=99 white magnitude in 6pix aperture
(MAGAPER4_white)
1918-1924 F7.4 mag wmagap5 ?=99 white magnitude in 7pix aperture
(MAGAPER5_white)
1926-1932 F7.4 mag wmagap6 ?=99 white magnitude in 8pix aperture
(MAGAPER6_white)
1934-1940 F7.4 mag wmagap7 ?=99 white magnitude in 12pix aperture
(MAGAPER7_white)
1942-1948 F7.4 mag wmagap8 ?=99 white magnitude in 16pix aperture
(MAGAPER8_white)
1950-1956 F7.4 mag wmagap9 ?=99 white magnitude in 20pix aperture
(MAGAPER9_white)
1958-1964 F7.4 mag wmagap10 ?=99 white magnitude in 24pix aperture
(MAGAPER10_white)
1966-1972 F7.4 mag wmagap11 ?=99 white magnitude in 28pix aperture
(MAGAPER11_white)
1974-1980 F7.4 mag wmagap12 ?=99 white magnitude in 32pix aperture
(MAGAPER12_white)
1982-1988 F7.4 mag wmagap13 ?=99 white magnitude in 36pix aperture
(MAGAPER13_white)
1990-1996 F7.4 mag wmagap14 ?=99 white magnitude in 40pix aperture
(MAGAPER14_white)
1998-2004 F7.4 mag wmagap15 ?=99 white magnitude in 44pix aperture
(MAGAPER15_white)
2006-2012 F7.4 mag wmagap16 ?=99 white magnitude in 48pix aperture
(MAGAPER16_white)
2014-2020 F7.4 mag wmagap17 ?=99 white magnitude in 52pix aperture
(MAGAPER17_white)
2022-2028 F7.4 mag wmagap18 ?=99 white magnitude in 56pix aperture
(MAGAPER18_white)
2030-2036 F7.4 mag wmagap19 ?=99 white magnitude in 60pix aperture
(MAGAPER19_white)
2038-2044 F7.4 mag wmagap20 ?=99 white magnitude in 70pix aperture
(MAGAPER20_white)
2046-2052 F7.4 mag wmagap21 ?=99 white magnitude in 80pix aperture
(MAGAPER21_white)
2054-2060 F7.4 mag wmagap22 ?=99 white magnitude in 90pix aperture
(MAGAPER22_white)
2062-2068 F7.4 mag wmagap23 ?=99 white magnitude in 100pix aperture
(MAGAPER23_white)
2070-2076 F7.4 mag e_wmagap ?=99 white magnitude in 2pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPERwhite)
2078-2083 F6.4 mag e_wmagap1 ?=99 white magnitude in 3pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER1_white)
2085-2090 F6.4 mag e_wmagap2 ?=99 white magnitude in 4pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER2_white)
2092-2097 F6.4 mag e_wmagap3 ?=99 white magnitude in 5pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER3_white)
2099-2105 F7.4 mag e_wmagap4 ?=99 white magnitude in 6pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER4_white)
2107-2113 F7.4 mag e_wmagap5 ?=99 white magnitude in 7pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER5_white)
2115-2121 F7.4 mag e_wmagap6 ?=99 white magnitude in 8pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER6_white)
2123-2129 F7.4 mag e_wmagap7 ?=99 white magnitude in 12pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER7_white)
2131-2137 F7.4 mag e_wmagap8 ?=99 white magnitude in 16pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER8_white)
2139-2146 F8.4 mag e_wmagap9 ?=99 white magnitude in 20pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER9_white)
2148-2154 F7.4 mag e_wmagap10 ?=99 white magnitude in 24pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER10_white)
2156-2162 F7.4 mag e_wmagap11 ?=99 white magnitude in 28pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER11_white)
2164-2170 F7.4 mag e_wmagap12 ?=99 white magnitude in 32pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER12_white)
2172-2178 F7.4 mag e_wmagap13 ?=99 white magnitude in 36pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER13_white)
2180-2186 F7.4 mag e_wmagap14 ?=99 white magnitude in 40pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER14_white)
2188-2194 F7.4 mag e_wmagap15 ?=99 white magnitude in 44pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER15_white)
2196-2202 F7.4 mag e_wmagap16 ?=99 white magnitude in 48pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER16_white)
2204-2210 F7.4 mag e_wmagap17 ?=99 white magnitude in 52pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER17_white)
2212-2218 F7.4 mag e_wmagap18 ?=99 white magnitude in 56pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER18_white)
2220-2226 F7.4 mag e_wmagap19 ?=99 white magnitude in 60pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER19_white)
2228-2235 F8.4 mag e_wmagap20 ?=99 white magnitude in 70pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER20_white)
2237-2245 F9.4 mag e_wmagap21 ?=99 white magnitude in 80pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER21_white)
2247-2253 F7.4 mag e_wmagap22 ?=99 white magnitude in 90pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER22_white)
2255-2262 F8.4 mag e_wmagap23 ?=99 white magnitude in 100pix aperture
error (MAGERRAPER23_white)
2264-2270 F7.4 mag/arcsec2 wmuMax ?=99 Peak model surface brightness above
the background in white band
(MUMAXwhite)
2272-2283 E12.10 deg wAWorld Isophotal major axis in white band
(AWORLDwhite)
2285-2296 E12.7 deg e_wAWorld Isophotal major axis error in white band
(ERRAWORLDwhite)
2298-2309 E12.10 deg wBWorld Isophotal minor axis in white band
(BWORLDwhite)
2311-2322 E12.7 deg e_wBWorld Isophotal minor axis error in white band
(ERRBWORLDwhite)
2324-2329 F6.3 --- welong Elongation in white band
(ELONGATION_white)
2331-2336 F6.2 deg wtheta Isophotal position angle in white band
(THETAWORLDwhite)
2338-2345 F8.3 kpc wradFlux Radius containing 50% of the light in
white band (FLUXRADIUSwhite)
2347-2351 F5.2 kpc wradKron Kron radius in white band
(KRONRADIUSwhite)
2353-2357 F5.2 deg wrasPetro Petro radius in white band
(PETRORADIUSwhite)
2359-2364 F6.2 arcsec wFWHMImg Source FWHM in white band
(FWHMIMAGEwhite)
2366-2367 I2 --- wFlags Flags in white band (FLAGS_white) (2)
2369-2373 F5.3 --- wClassStar [0/1] Class Star in white band
(CLASSSTARwhite) (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Magnitude in the H-band needs to be corrected for extinction using
E(B-V)=0.0684±0.0007mag and the extinction as Ah=0.449-E(B-V).
Note (2): Flags indicate extraction issues, saturation, blending, or other
detection warnings (see SExtractor Manual).
Note (3): ClassStar ranges from 0 (galaxy-like) to 1 (star-like).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
From Marco Mirabile, marco.mirabile(at)inaf.it
We thank the anonymous referee for the comments and
constructive suggestions. Part of this work was supported through the
INAF 'Astrofisica Fondamentale' GO-grant 2024 n. 12 (PI: M.
Cantiello). MM acknowledges support from the ESO Short-Term Visiting
Program (SSDF 22/18, PI: S. Mieske) and the ESO Studentship Program.
MC acknowledges support from the ASI-INAF agreement 'Scientific
Activity for the Euclid Mission' (n. 2024-10-HH.0; WP8420) and from
the ESO Scientific Visitor Programme. KF acknowledges funding from the
European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under
the Marie Skodowska-Curie grant agreement Number 101103830. DAF thanks
the ARC via DP220101863. GD acknowledges support by UKRI-STFC grants:
ST/T003081/1 and ST/X001857/1. GR acknowledges support INAF
'Astrofisica Fondamentale' Mini-grant 2024 n.17/RSN1 (PI G. Riccio)
and support from the INAF LSST in-kind project (ITA-INA S6, PI:Michele
Cantiello). J.F-B. acknowledges support from the PID2022-140869NB-I00
grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. TR
acknowledges support from ANID via Nucleo Milenio TITANs (NCN
2023-002). MS acknowledge the support by the Italian Ministry for
Education University and Research (MIUR) grant PRIN 2022 2022383WFT
'SUNRISE', CUP C53D23000850006 and by VST funds. This work is based on
observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO
pro- grammes 108.222P.001, 108.222P.002, 108.222P.003, 097.B-0806(A),
094.B-0711A, 109.231E.001. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC
Extragalactic Database (NED), which is funded by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration and operated by the California
Institute of Technology. We also acknowledge the usage of the
Extragalactic Distance Database (EDD, https://edd.ifa.hawaii.edu/). We
made extensive use of the softwares of SExtractor (Bertin & Arnouts
1996) and Topcat (https://www.star.bris. ac.uk/∼mbt/topcat/; Taylor
2005)). This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool,
CDS, Strasbourg, France (Ochsenbein 1996). The original description of
the VizieR service was published in Ochsenbein et al. (2000). This
publication makes use of data products from the Pan-STARRS1 Surveys
(PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible
through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University
of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and
its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy,
Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics,
Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the
University of Edinburgh, the Queen92s University Belfast, the
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres
Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National
Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute,
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No.
NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA
Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation Grant No.
AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University
(ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation (Chambers et al. 2016; Magnier et al. 2020a; Waters
et al. 2020; Magnier et al. 2020c,b; Flewelling et al. 2020). This
publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts
and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute
of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and the National Science Foundation (Skrutskie et al.
2006). This work made use of Astropy (http://www.astropy.org) a
community-developed core Python package and an ecosystem of tools and
resources for astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018,
2022).
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 18-Nov-2025