J/A+A/706/A17 SPT mm point source cluster catalogs (Archipley+, 2026)
Millimeter-wave observations of Euclid Deep Field South using the
South Pole Telescope: A data release of temperature maps and catalogs.
Archipley M., Hryciuk A., Bleem L.E., Kornoelje K., Klein M., Anderson A.J.,
Ansarinejad B., Aravena M., Balkenhol L., Barry P.S., Benabed K.,
Bender A.N., Benson B.A., Bianchini F., Bocquet S., Bouchet F.R.,
Camphuis E., Campitiello M.G., Carlstrom J.E., Cathey J., Chang C.L.,
Chapman S.C., Chaubal P., Chichura P.M., Chokshi A., Chou T.-L., Coerver A.,
Crawford T.M., Daley C., de Haan T., Deane R.P., Dibert K.R., Dobbs M.A.,
Doohan M., Doussot A., Dutcher D., Everett W., Feng C., Ferguson K.R.,
Fichman K., Floyd B., Foster A., Galli S., Gambrel A.E., Gardner R.W.,
Ge F., Goeckner-Wald N., Gonzalez A., Grandis S., Greve T.R., Gualtieri R.,
Guidi F., Guns S., Halverson N.W., Hill R., Hivon E., Holder G.P.,
Holzapfel W.L., Hood J.C., Huang N., Keruzore F., Khalife A.R., Knox L.,
Korman M., Kuo C.-L., Levy K., Lowitz A.E., Lu C., Lynch G.P., Maniyar A.,
Martsen E.S., Menanteau F., Millea M., Montgomery J., Nakato Y., Natoli T.,
Noble G.I., Omori Y., Ouellette A., Pan Z., Phadke K.A., Pollak A.W.,
Prabhu K., Quan W., Raghunathan S., Rahimi M., Rahlin A., Reichardt C.L.,
Reuter C., Rouble M., Ruhl J.E., Schiappucci E., Simpson A., Sobrin J.A.,
Stalder B., Stark A.A., Sulzenauer N., Tandoi C., Thorne B.,
Trendafilova C., Umilta C., Vieira J.D., Vitrier A., Vizgan D., Wan Y.,
Weiss A., Whitehorn N., Wu W.L.K., Young M.R., Zebrowski J.A., Zhou D.
<Astron. Astrophys. 706, A17 (2026)>
=2026A&A...706A..17A 2026A&A...706A..17A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Galaxy catalogs ; Clusters, galaxy ; Redshifts ;
Millimetric/submm sources ; Photometry
Keywords: catalogs - surveys - galaxies: clusters: general -
galaxies: high-redshift - cosmology: observations -
submillimeter: galaxies
Abstract:
The South Pole Telescope third-generation camera (SPT-3G) has observed
over 10000 square degrees of sky at 95, 150, and 220GHz (3.3, 2.0,
1.4mm, respectively) and will significantly overlap the ongoing 14,000
square-degree Euclid Wide Survey. The Euclid collaboration recently
released Euclid Deep Field South (EDF-S) observations of 23 square
degrees at Wide Field depths in the first quick data release (Q1).
With the goal of releasing complementary millimeter-wave data and
encouraging legacy science, we performed dedicated observations of a
57-square-degree field overlapping the EDF-S.
The observing time totaled 20 days and we reached noise depths of 4.3,
3.8, and 13.2uK-arcmin at 95, 150, and 220GHz, respectively.
In this work we present the temperature maps and two catalogs
constructed from these data. The emissive source catalog contains 601
objects (334 inside EDF-S) with 54% synchrotron-dominated sources and
46% thermal dust emission-dominated sources. The 5σ detection
thresholds are 1.7, 2.0, and 6.5mJy in the three bands. The cluster
catalog contains 217 cluster candidates (121 inside EDF-S) with median
mass M500c=2.12x1014M☉/h70 and median redshift z=0.70,
corresponding to an order-of-magnitude improvement in cluster density
over previous tSZ-selected catalogs in this region (3.81 clusters per
square degree).
The overlap between SPT and Euclid data will enable a range of
multiwavelength studies of the aforementioned source populations. This
work serves as the first step towards joint projects between SPT and
Euclid and provides a rich dataset containing information on galaxies,
clusters, and their environments.
Description:
The galaxy cluster catalog contains masses, richnesses, and redshifts
when available.
The emissive catalog contains millimeter fluxes, spectral indices,
multiwavelength cross-match information, and flags for extendedness
and catagorization as dusty star-forming galaxies.
Non-tabular data files include sky maps and ancillary data products.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
cluster.dat 471 217 Cluster catalog
emsource.dat 271 601 Point source catalog
beams.dat 99 25001 1D ell-space telescope beams
list.dat 127 35 List of fits files
fits/* . 35 Individual fits files
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: cluster.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 17 A17 --- IAUName IAU source name (SPT-CL JHHMM+DDMM)
(iau_name)
19- 36 F18.15 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000) (ra)
38- 56 F19.15 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000) (dec)
58- 76 F19.16 --- xi Cluster detection significance (xi)
78- 81 F4.2 --- thetacore beta-profile core radius (theta_core)
83-102 F20.17 --- z ?=-1 Redshift (-1 if unavailable)
(redshift)
104-125 F22.19 --- e_z ?=-1 Redshift uncertainty (redshift_unc)
127-130 F4.1 --- f_z ?=-1 1 if redshift is spectroscopic
(specz)
132-150 F19.16 10+14Msun M500c ?=-1 Mass M500c (in 1e14M☉/h_70)
(m500)
152-171 F20.17 10+14Msun E_M500c ?=-1 Mass 1sigmag positive uncertainty
(m500_uerr)
173-192 F20.17 10+14Msun e_M500c ?=-1 Mass 1sigmag negative uncertainty
(m500_lerr)
194-212 F19.15 --- lambda ?=-1 Richness of galaxy overdensity
(lambda)
214-232 F19.16 --- e_lambda ?=-1 Richness uncertainty (lambda_unc)
234-254 F21.19 --- fcont Integrated contamination (fcont)
256-258 F3.1 --- EDFSflag [0/1] Inside Euclid EDF-S mask flag
(edfs_flag)
260-261 I2 --- LOS ?=-1 1 if secondary LOS structure with
fcont<0.2 (los)
263-281 F19.16 --- z2 ?=-1 Redshift of secondary structure
(redshift2)
283-303 F21.18 --- e_z2 ?=-1 Redshift uncertainty of secondary
structure (redshift2_unc)
305-323 F19.15 --- lambda2 ?=-1 Richness of secondary structure
(lambda2)
325-343 F19.16 --- e_lambda2 ?=-1 Richness uncertainty of secondary
structure (lambda2_unc)
345-364 F20.18 --- fcont2 ?=-1 Contamination of secondary str
(fcont2)
366-385 F20.16 --- zucont ?=-1 Redshift for unconfirmed LOS
(unconfirmed_redshift)
387-407 F21.18 --- e_zucont ?=-1 Redshift uncertainty of unconfirmed
LOS (unconfirmedredshiftunc)
409-430 F22.18 --- lambdaucont ?=-1 Richness for unconfirmed LOS
(unconfirmed_lambda)
432-450 F19.16 --- e_lambdaucont ?=-1 Richness uncertainty of unconfirmed
LOS (unconfirmedlambdaunc)
452-471 F20.17 --- fcontucont ?=-1 Contamination of unconfirmed LOS
(unconfirmed_fcont) (1)
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Note (1): For unconfirmed cluster candidates (fcont>0.2), we provide
properties of the most significant galaxy overdensity detected along the
LOS, but do not report masses for these structures.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: emsource.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 20 A20 --- IAUName IAU source name (SPT-S JHHMMSS+DDMM.m)
(iau_name)
22- 39 F18.15 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000) (ra)
41- 59 F19.15 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000) (dec)
61- 74 F14.10 --- sn95 95 GHz signal-to-noise (sn95)
76- 89 F14.10 --- sn150 150 GHz signal-to-noise (sn150)
91-103 F13.10 --- sn220 220 GHz signal-to-noise (sn220)
105-126 F22.18 mJy S95 Flux at 95GHz (s95)
128-148 F21.17 mJy S150 Flux at 150GHz (s150)
150-171 F22.18 mJy S220 Flux at 220GHz (s220)
173-185 F13.10 --- alpha95 ? Spectral index between 95 and 150GHz
(alpha95)
187-200 F14.10 --- e_alpha95 ? Error on alpha95 (erroralpha95)
202-215 F14.10 --- alpha220 ? Spectral index between 150 and 220GHz
(alpha220)
217-231 F15.10 --- e_alpha220 ? Error on alpha220 (erroralpha220)
233-257 A25 --- thumb Source interpolated-over in map, bright
source thumbnail (name=yes, 0=no)
(thumb) (1)
259-261 F3.1 --- extended Extended source flag (1=yes, 0=no) (extended)
263 I1 --- EDFSflag Inside Euclid EDF-S mask flag (edfs_flag)
265 I1 --- DSFGflag Dusty star-forming galaxy candidate flag
(dsfg_flag)
267-271 A5 --- Ctpflag External counterparts flag (counterparts) (2)
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Note (1): The bright source's label in the thumb column comes from the center
of the thumbnail and is therefore not guaranteed to equate to the IAU name
of the source, in the event of the source's recorded location shifting from
the precise center of the thumbnail.
Note (2): External counterparts flag as follows:
1 = radio
2 = IR
3 = millimeter
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: beams.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 24 E24.18 --- ell [0/25000] ell-space beam value
26- 49 E24.18 --- 95GHz Azimuthally averaged 1d ell-space trough
95GHz band weight (FWHM=1.8')
51- 74 E24.18 --- 150GHz Azimuthally averaged 1d ell-space trough
150GHz band weight (FWHM=1.2')
76- 99 E24.18 --- 220GHz Azimuthally averaged 1d ell-space trough
220GHz band weight (FWHM=1.0')
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: list.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 F9.5 deg RAdeg ? Right Ascension of center (J2000)
10- 18 F9.5 deg DEdeg ? Declination of center (J2000)
20- 26 I7 --- Nx Number of pixels along X-axis
28- 31 I4 --- Ny Number of pixels along Y-axis
33- 42 A10 "datime" Obs.date Observation date
44- 48 I5 Kibyte size Size of FITS file
50- 92 A43 --- FileName Name of FITS file, in subdirectory fits
94-127 A34 --- Title Title of the FITS file
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Acknowledgements:
Melanie Archipley, archipleym(at)uchicago.edu
(End) Melanie Archipley [UChicago], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 25-Nov-2025