J/A+A/706/A284 REGALADE, a revised galaxy compilation (Tranin+, 2026)
A catalog to unite them all:
REGALADE, a revised galaxy compilation for the advanced detector era.
Tranin H., Blagorodnova N., Gomez-Munoz M.A., Wavasseur M., Groot P.J.,
Landsberg L., Stoppa F., Bloemen S., Vreeswijk P.M., Pieterse D.L.A.,
van Roestel J., Scaringi S., Faris S.
<Astron. Astrophys. 706, A284 (2026)>
=2026A&A...706A.284T 2026A&A...706A.284T (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxy catalogs ; Photometry, infrared ; Photometry, UBVRI ;
Redshifts
Keywords: gravitational waves - catalogs - surveys - supernovae: general -
galaxies: distances and redshifts - galaxies: general
Abstract:
Many applications in transient science, gravitational wave follow-up,
and galaxy population studies require all-sky galaxy catalogs with
reliable distances, extents, and stellar masses. However, existing
catalogs often lack completeness beyond 100Mpc, suffer from stellar
contamination, or do not provide homogeneous stellar mass estimates
and size information.
Our goal is to build a high-purity, high-completeness, all-sky galaxy
catalog out to 2000Mpc, specifically designed to support time-domain
and multi-messenger astrophysics.
We combined major galaxy catalogs and deep imaging surveys - including
the Legacy Surveys, Pan-STARRS, DELVE, and SDSS - and added
spectroscopic, photometric, and redshift-independent distances. We
cleaned the sample using the Gaia catalog to remove stars and visually
inspected all ambiguous cases below 100Mpc through a classification
platform that gathered 27000 expert votes. Stellar masses were
estimated using optical and mid-infrared profile- fit photometry, and
we improved the accuracy of photometric distances by combining
multiple independent estimates.
The resulting catalog, REGALADE, includes nearly 80 million galaxies
with distances under 2000 Mpc. It provides stellar masses for 88% of
the sample and ellipse fits for 80%. REGALADE is more than 90%
complete for galaxies contributing 50% of the total r-band luminosity
out to 360 Mpc. In science tests, it recovers 60% more known supernova
hosts, doubles the number of low-luminosity transient hosts, and
identifies more reliable hosts for ultraluminous and hyper-luminous
X-ray sources.
REGALADE is one of the most complete and reliable all-sky galaxy
catalog to date for the nearby Universe, built for real-world
applications in transient and multi-messenger astrophysics. The full
dataset, visual classifications, and code will be released to support
broad community use.
Description:
The REGALADE catalog compiles nearly 80 million galaxies out to
2000Mpc by merging 14 major galaxy catalogs (GLADE/GLADE+, NED-LVS,
Siena Galaxy Atlas, HECATE ...) and deep imaging surveys (Legacy
Surveys, DELVE, PanSTARRS, SDSS ...). For each galaxy, it provides
distance estimates, an elliptical size, and a stellar mass for 88% of
the catalog. High purity is ensured with Gaia-based star removal,
morphological criteria, and visual inspection of edge cases within 100
Mpc using a classification platform. Distance estimates rely on
spectroscopic and photometric redshifts and redshift-independent
indicators, combining multiple measurements when available to increase
accuracy.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
regalade.dat 368 79880104 REGALADE catalog (Revised Galaxy List for
Advanced Detector Era) (table E2)
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See also:
VII/237 : HYPERLEDA. I. Catalog of galaxies (Paturel+, 2003)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
VII/275 : GLADE catalog (Dalya+, 2016)
II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)
VII/281 : GLADE v2.3 catalog (Dalya+, 2018)
V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 (DR16) (Ahumada+, 2020)
I/353 : The Guide Star Catalog, Version 2.4.2 (GSC2.4.2) (STScI, 2020)
VII/291 : GLADE+ (Galaxy List for the Advanced Detector Era) (Dalya+, 2022)
VII/292 : DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR8 photometric redshifts (Duncan, 2022)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/ApJ/944/94 : Cosmicflows-4 (Tully+, 2023)
J/MNRAS/525/1106 : DESI Peculiar Velocity survey (Saulder+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: regalade.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 24 A24 --- Name Identifier from the best distance catalog
26- 35 F10.6 deg RAdeg [0/360] Right Ascension (J2000)
37- 46 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
48- 59 F12.6 Mpc Dist Final recommended distance
61- 72 E12.6 --- z ?=- Final recommended redshift
74- 85 F12.6 Mpc DistMin ?=- Minimum of available distances
87- 98 F12.6 Mpc DistMax ?=- Maximum of available distances
100-111 E12.6 Mpc e_Dist ?=- Standard deviation of available
distances
113-124 F12.6 Mpc DistInput Best available distance
126-137 E12.6 Mpc e_DistInput []?=- Error on the best available distance
139-150 F12.6 Mpc DistTmean Trimmed mean of available distances
152-153 I2 --- r_DistInput Index of the catalog used for D_input
155-156 I2 --- Ndist [1/15] Number of distance estimates
158-170 F13.7 arcsec R1 Semimajor axis of ellipse
172-184 F13.7 arcsec R2 Semiminor axis of ellipse
186-197 F12.7 deg PA [] Position angle of ellipse
199-200 I2 --- r_R1 Index of the catalog used for R1, R2, PA
202-206 I5 --- IdCat matched catalogs (1)
208-215 F8.5 mag Gmag ?=- Gaia G magnitude
217-224 F8.5 mag BPmag ?=- Gaia BP magnitude
226-234 F9.3 mas/yr PM ?=- Gaia proper motion
236-247 E12.6 arcsec angDist ?=- Separation to Gaia match
249-256 F8.5 mag rmagpsf ?=- r-band PSF magnitude
258-265 F8.5 mag gmag ?=- g-band Kron magnitude
267-274 F8.5 mag rmag ?=- r-band Kron magnitude
276-283 F8.5 mag imag ?=- i-band Kron magnitude
285-292 F8.5 mag zmag ?=- z-band Kron magnitude
294-301 F8.5 mag W1mag ?=- WISE W1 magnitude
303-310 F8.5 mag W2mag ?=- WISE W2 magnitude
312-322 F11.8 mag dK ?=- 2MASS extended source K magnitude
correction
324 I1 --- r_gmag Catalog used for optical photometry (2)
326 I1 --- r_W1mag Catalog used for WISE photometry (3)
328-341 F14.10 mag E(B-V) ?=- Color excess interpolated from
Schlegel et al. (1998ApJ...500..525S 1998ApJ...500..525S)
343-354 F12.8 [Msun] logM ?=- log of the stellar mass
356 I1 --- fRel Flag galaxies exclusively in lower
reliability catalogs
358-368 F11.8 --- fracNearby ?=- Fraction of annotators that voted
"nearby galaxy"
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Note (1): Bitwise flag identifying matched catalogs (See Table 1 in the paper)
as follows:
1 = Siena Galaxy Atlas (Moustakas et al., 2023ApJS..269....3M 2023ApJS..269....3M)
2 = GLADE1 (Dalya et al., 2018MNRAS.479.2374D 2018MNRAS.479.2374D, Cat. VII/281)
4 = HECATE (Kovlakas et al., 2021MNRAS.506.1896K 2021MNRAS.506.1896K)
8 = DESI-PV (Saulder et al., 2023MNRAS.525.1106S 2023MNRAS.525.1106S, Cat. J/MNRAS/525/1106)
16 = DESI-DR1 (DESI Collaboration et al., 2025, AJ, arXiv:2503.14745)
32 = Cosmicflows (Tully et al., 2023ApJ...944...94T 2023ApJ...944...94T, Cat. J/ApJ/944/94)
64 = NED-LVS-D (Cook et al., 2023ApJS..268...14C 2023ApJS..268...14C)
128 = NED-LVS-zsp (Cook et al., 2023ApJS..268...14C 2023ApJS..268...14C)
256 = NED-LVS-rest (Cook et al., 2023ApJS..268...14C 2023ApJS..268...14C)
512 = GLADE+ (Dalya et al., 2022MNRAS.514.1403D 2022MNRAS.514.1403D, Cat. VII/291)
1024 = LS DR9 (Zou et al., 2022RAA....22f5001Z 2022RAA....22f5001Z)
2048 = Pan-STARRS (Chambers et al., 2016, arXiv:1612.05560)
4096 = SDSS (Abdurro'uf et al., 2022ApJS..259...35A 2022ApJS..259...35A, Cat. III/286)
8192 = GSC blue selection (Lasker et al., 2008AJ....136..735L 2008AJ....136..735L,
Cat. I/305, I/353)
16384 = LS DR10 (Wen & Han, 2024ApJS..272...39W 2024ApJS..272...39W, Cat. J/ApJS/272/39)
32768 = DELVE (Drlica-Wagner et al., 2022ApJS..261...38D 2022ApJS..261...38D)
Note (2): Catalog used for optical photometry as follows:
0 = none
1 = Pan-STARRS
2 = DELVE
3 = LS DR9 (Zou et al., 2022RAA....22f5001Z 2022RAA....22f5001Z)
4 = LS DR10 (Wen & Han, 2024ApJS..272...39W 2024ApJS..272...39W, Cat. J/ApJS/272/39)
Note (3): Catalog used for WISE photometry as follows:
0 = none
1 = AllWISE
3 = LS DR9 (Zou et al., 2022RAA....22f5001Z 2022RAA....22f5001Z)
4 = LS DR10 (Wen & Han, 2024ApJS..272...39W 2024ApJS..272...39W, Cat. J/ApJS/272/39)
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Acknowledgements:
Hugo Tranin, htranin(at)icc.ub.edu
(End) Hugo Tranin [ICCUB, Univ. Barcelona], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 08-Dec-2025