J/A+A/707/A50 Massive runaway star HD 254577 (Dincel+, 2026)
Massive runaway star HD 254577: The pre-supernova binary companion to the
progenitor of the supernova remnant IC 443.
Dincel B., Payli G., Yerli S.K., Ankay A., Neuhaeuser R., Mugrauer M.,
Sheth S., Buder S., Huettel S., Edelmann F., Michel K-U., Baetz J.
<Astron. Astrophys. 707, A50 (2026)>
=2026A&A...707A..50D 2026A&A...707A..50D (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Supernova remnants ; Spectroscopy ; Optical
Keywords: stars: general - stars: massive - stars: neutron -
stars: individual: HD 254577 - ISM: supernova remnants -
ISM: individual objects: IC 443
Abstract:
The secondaries of the massive binary systems can be found as runaway
stars after being ejected due to the supernova (SN) of
the more massive component. We search for such stars inside the
supernova remnants (SNRs), where a recent SN is guaranteed to have
happened, and the runaway star is expected to be nearby. In this
paper, we present the massive runaway star HD 254577 as the
pre-supernova binary companion to the progenitor of the supernova
remnant IC 443 and the neutron star (NS) CXOU J61705.3+222127.
We performed spectroscopic observations of the runaway star and
specified its atmospheric parameters. We also used archival
spectroscopic data on neighboring stars. Together with the precise
Gaia DR3 astrometry and photometry, we identified the possible birth
origin of the runaway star, and by isochrone fitting, we determined
the progenitor mass. From the Gaia DR3 proper motions, we specified
the possible explosion sites and calculated the neutron star (NS)
velocity.
HD 254577 is a hot and evolved star with an effective temperature of
24000±1000K (B0.5II) and a surface gravity of
log(g[cm/s2])=2.75±0.25. It is probably a single star with a
peculiar 3-D velocity of 31.3+1.2-0.9km/s, lying at a heliocentric
distance of 1701+55-54pc. The cometary tail of the NS implies that
it is moving away from the same site as the runaway star. From the
flight trajectories, we calculated that the NS has typical pulsar
velocities such as 254-539km/s at a distance of 1.7kpc for 10-20kyr
ages. Together with the blue-only shifted interstellar medium lines on
its spectrum, HD 254577 must be the pre-supernova binary companion to
the progenitor of IC 443. By identifying the pre-supernova companion
and the possible parent cluster, we showed that the progenitor
zero-age main sequence mass is high: 31-64M☉, favoring the jet
scenario previously proposed. The SNR distance is precisely determined
as 1701+55-54pc. We also discuss the expansion dynamics of the SNR
due to the highly off-centered explosion site. The pre-SN binary
parameters that we calculated might not favor a strongly interacting
binary.
Description:
We performed observations for the runaway star HD 254577 and
HD 254477 to measure the radial velocity (RV) and the atmospheric
parameters. We also used archival spectroscopic data of neighboring
stars to determine the temperature and surface gravity, and of the SNR
filaments to find the real extension of the SNR.
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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06 16 59.99 +22 34 11.9 IC 443 = SNR G189.1+03.0
06 17 54.38 +22 24 32.9 HD 254577 = BD+22 1263
06 17 26.23 +22 25 37.4 HD 254477 = BD+22 1258
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 96 85 Possible cluster members within 10pc
tablea2.dat 78 94 Line strengths of SNR spectra
tablea3.dat 96 94 Physical parameters of the SNR
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See also:
J/A+A/279/541 : Sub-mm observations of SNR IC 443 (van Dishoeck+ 1993)
J/ApJ/788/122 : IR photometry of YSO candidates toward SNR IC 443 (Su+, 2014)
J/ApJ/897/83 : Component structure in the neighborhood of IC 443
(Ritchey+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 Source identifier
21- 24 I4 pc rgeo Gaia DR3 median of the geometric distance
posterior lower error
26- 28 I3 pc E_rgeo Gaia DR3 median of the geometric distance
posterior upper error
30- 32 I3 pc e_rgeo Gaia DR3 median of the geometric distance
posterior
34- 39 F6.4 mag plx Gaia DR3 parallax
41- 46 F6.4 mag e_plx Gaia DR3 parallax
48- 53 F6.3 mag Gmag Gaia DR3 G magnitude
55- 59 F5.3 mag e_Gmag Gaia DR3 G magnitude
61- 65 F5.3 mag BP-RP Gaia DR3 Bp-RP colour index
67- 71 F5.3 mag e_BP-RP Gaia DR3 Bp-RP colour index error
73- 77 F5.3 mas/yr pmRA Gaia DR3 proper motion along RA, pmRA*cosDE
79- 83 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA Gaia DR3 proper motion along RA,
pmRA*cosDE, error
85- 90 F6.3 mas/yr pmDE Gaia DR3 proper motion along DE
92- 96 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE Gaia DR3 proper motion along DE error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
13 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
25- 27 I3 --- FHb ?=- Hβ λ4861 flux relative
to FHa=100
29- 30 I2 --- e_FHb ? Hβ λ4861 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
32- 34 I3 --- F[OIII]4959 ?=- [OIII] λ4959 flux relative
to FHa=100
36- 37 I2 --- e_F[OIII]4959 ? [OIII] λ4959 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
39- 41 I3 --- F[OIII]5007 ?=- [OIII] λ5007 flux relative
to FHa=100
43- 44 I2 --- e_F[OIII]5007 ? [OIII] λ5007 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
46- 48 I3 --- F[NII]6548 ?=- [NII] λ6548 flux relative
to FHa=100
50- 51 I2 --- e_F[NII]6548 ? [NII] λ6548 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
53- 55 I3 --- FHa [100]?=- Hα λ6563 flux relative
to FHa=100
57- 58 I2 --- e_FHa ? Hα λ6563 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
60- 62 I3 --- F[NII]6584 ?=- [NII] λ6584 flux relative
to FHa=100
64- 65 I2 --- e_F[NII]6584 ? [NII] λ6584 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
67- 69 I3 --- F[SII]6716 ?=- [SII] λ6716 flux relative
to FHa=100
71- 72 I2 --- e_F[SII]6716 ? [SII] λ6716 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
74- 75 I2 --- F[SII]6731 ?=- [SII] λ6731 flux relative
to FHa=100
77- 78 I2 --- e_F[SII]6731 ? [SII] λ6731 flux relative
to FHa=100 error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
13 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
25- 28 F4.2 --- [SII]/Ha Line ratio [SII]/Hα
30- 33 F4.2 --- e_[SII]/Ha Line ratio [SII]/Hα error
35- 38 I4 cm-3 Ne Electron density
40- 45 F6.2 cm-3 e_Ne Electron density error
47- 50 F4.2 --- [OIII]/Hb ?=- Line ratio [OIII]/Hβ
52- 55 F4.2 --- e_[OIII]/Hb ? Line ratio [OIII]/Hβ error
57- 58 I2 km/s Vs ?=- Shock velocity
60- 67 E8.3 cm-2 NH ?=- Hydrogen column density
69- 76 E8.3 cm-2 e_NH ? Hydrogen column density error
78- 81 F4.2 mag E(B-V) ?=- E(B-V) colour excess
83- 86 F4.2 mag e_E(B-V) ? E(B-V) colour excess error
88- 91 F4.2 mag Av ?=- Extinction
93- 96 F4.2 mag e_Av ? Extinction error
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Acknowledgements:
Baha Dincel, baha.dincel(at)uni-jena.de
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 19-Dec-2025