J/A+A/709/A23 Hot super-Neptune TOI-672 NIRPS and HARP obs. (Osborn+, 2026)
Confirmation of the hot super-Neptune TOI-672 b with NIRPS and HARPS.
Insights into the Neptunian desert around M dwarfs.
Osborn A., Cloutier R., Bourrier V., Skinner B., Gromek N., Srivastava A.,
Bouchy F., Cointepas M., Cook N.J., Nari N., Almenara J.M., Artigau E.,
Bonfils X., Cadieux C., Eggenberger P., L'Heureux A., Baron F.,
Barros S.C.C., Benneke B., Bryan M., Canto Martins B.L., Cowan N.B.,
Cristo E., Delfosse X., De Medeiros J.R., Doyon R., Dumusque X.,
Ehrenreich D., Gonzalez Hernandez J.I., Lafreniere D., de Castro Leao I.,
Lovis C., Malo L., Melo C., Mignon L., Mordasini C., Pepe F., Rebolo R.,
Rowe J., Santos N.C., Segransan D., Suarez Mascareno A., Udry S.,
Valencia D., Wade G., Aguiar J.L.A., Allart R., Al Moulla K., Carmona A.,
Collins K.A., Delgado-Mena E., de Lima Gomes R., Dixon G., Evans P.,
Frensch Y.G.C., Fontinele D.O., Forveille T., Gan T., Hobson M.J.,
Messias Y.S., Nielsen L.D., Parc L., Shu Y., Stefanov A.K., Tan T.-G.,
Vignes J.-P., Wardenier J.P., Weisserman D.
<Astron. Astrophys. 709, A23 (2026)>
=2026A&A...709A..23O 2026A&A...709A..23O (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Radial velocities ;
Optical ; Infrared ; Binaries, orbits
Keywords: techniques: radial velocities - planets and satellites: general -
planets and satellites: individual: TOI-672b
Abstract:
The Neptunian desert is a distinct lack of Neptune-sized planets at
short orbital periods, purportedly carved by photoevaporation and
tidal circularization following high-eccentricity migration.
Constraining these processes and how they vary across different
host-star spectral types requires the detailed characterization of
planets in the desert and around its boundaries. In this study, we
confirm the planetary nature of a massive super-Neptune identified by
TESS around the M0 dwarf TOI 672. We analyse photometry from TESS and
ExTrA and precise radial velocity measurements taken with the recently
commissioned Near-InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) and HARPS
spectrographs. We measure the planetary orbital period, radius, and
mass of 3.634 days, 5.31Re, aed 50.9Me, respectively. Our findings
place TOI-672 b within the Neptunian ridge, a pile-up of planets from
3-5 days at the Neptunian desert boundary. We then use a novel
approach to determine the desert boundaries in period-radius space and
instellation-radius space, and, for the first time, compare the
Neptunian desert boundaries for planets orbiting FGK versus M dwarf
stars. We determine that the boundary ridge shifts slightly inward
from 3.3±1.4 days for FGK host stars to 2.2±1.0 days for M dwarf
host stars; these values do not statistically significantly differ
from each other, and the shift to shorter periods for M dwarf planets
is smaller than theoretical photoevaporation models predict. We also
find that TOI-672 b is a single-planet system within the sensitivity
limits of our RV and TTV datasets.
Description:
We obtained simultaneous radial velocity measurements of TOI-672 with
the NIRPS and HARPS spectrographs. Both instruments are mounted on the
ESO 3.6-m telescope at the La Silla Observatory in Chile and can be
operated simultaneously through the use of a VIS-NIR dichroic.
We observed TOI-672 with NIRPS and HARPS simultaneously over a total
of 24 nights between April 2023 and July 2024.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------
11 11 57.69 -39 19 40.0 TOI-672 = TIC 151825527
----------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
linelist.dat 20 245 TOI-672 linelist (table C1)
nepsamp.dat 797 2786 Neptune desert sample (table E1)
nir-lbl.dat 2225 23 *NIRPS LBL TOI-672 GJ2066 friend (table B1)
harpslbl.dat 1705 16 *HARPS LBL TOI 672 TOI 776 friend (table B3)
harpsdrs.dat 243 16 HARPSDRS-3-5TOI-6243 (table B2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on nir-lbl.dat: full information about the LBL outputs can be found here:
https://lbl.exoplanets.ca/output-data.
Note on harpslbl.dat: full information about the LBL outputs can be found here:
https://lbl.exoplanets.ca/output-data.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: linelist.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- El Element for which the line is being measured (1)
6- 12 F7.2 nm lambba Wavelength of the centre of the line
15- 20 F6.3 --- [X/H] Measured elemental abundance (in relation to H)
from the line
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Mean values:
<[O/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 33) -0.282±0.002
<[Na/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 5) 0.166±0.024
<[Mg/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 7) -0.204±0.072
<[Al/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 8) -0.151±0.043
<[Si/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 15) -0.152±0.034
<[K/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 6) 0.156±0.061
<[Ca/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 19) 0.074±0.019
<[Ti/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 54) -0.096±0.015
<[Cr/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 24) -0.072±0.021
<[Mn/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 8) 0.151±0.040
<[Fe/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 63) -0.138±0.022
<[Ni/H]>±σrand (Nlines = 3) -0.006±0.032
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: nepsamp.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- Seq Sequential number
6- 17 A12 --- Star Star identifier (id_starname)
19- 28 A10 --- Planet Planet identifier (id_planet)
30- 31 A2 --- Dispo Planet disposition (CP = confirmed planet,
KP = known planet) (disposition)
33- 50 F18.16 au smaj Semi-major axis (sma)
52- 73 E22.17 au E_smaj ? Semi-major axis upper error (sma_err1)
75- 97 E23.17 au e_smaj []? Semi-major axis lower error (sma_err2)
99-116 F18.13 K Teff Stellar effective temperature (iso_teff)
118-137 F20.16 K E_Teff Stellar effective temperature upper error
(isotefferr1)
139-158 F20.15 K e_Teff [] Stellar effective temperature lower error
(isotefferr2)
160-177 F18.16 Rsun Rad Stellar radius upper error (iso_rad)
179-196 F18.16 Rsun E_Rad Stellar radius lower error (isoraderr1)
198-216 F19.16 Rsun e_Rad [] Stellar radius (isoraderr2)
218-235 F18.16 Msun Mass Stellar mass (iso_mass)
237-254 F18.16 Msun E_Mass Stellar mass upper error (isomasserr1)
256-274 F19.16 Msun e_Mass [] Stellar mass lower error (isomasserr2)
276-294 F19.16 Lsun Lum Stellar luminosity (iso_lum)
296-316 E21.16 Lsun E_Lum Stellar luminosity upper error
(isolumerr1)
318-339 E22.16 Lsun e_Lum [] Stellar luminosity lower error
(isolumerr2)
341-356 F16.11 d Porb Planetary orbital period (orbper)
358-366 E9.7 d E_Porb Planetary orbital period upper error
(orbper_err1)
368-377 E10.7 d e_Porb [] Planetary orbital period lower error
(orbper_err2)
379-396 F18.16 --- Rp/Rs Planetary radius / stellar radius ratio
(rprstar)
398-415 E18.16 --- E_Rp/Rs Planetary radius / stellar radius ratio
upper error (rprstar_err1)
417-435 E19.16 --- e_Rp/Rs [] Planetary radius / stellar radius ratio
lower error (rprstar_err2)
437-455 F19.16 Rgeo Rp Planetary radius (prad)
457-477 F21.16 Rgeo E_Rp Planetary radius upper error (prad_err1)
479-499 F21.16 Rgeo e_Rp [] Planetary radius lower error (prad_err2)
501-519 F19.16 h Tdur Full transit duration i.e. T14 ppmx 10-6 for
Kepler; ppm for TESS depth Transit depth.
See Table E.1 in paper for details (tdur)
521-542 E22.16 --- Depth Depth
544-565 F22.17 --- Ntransits Number of transits observed for a planet
(for TESS (num_transits)
567-570 F4.1 --- Nsectors ? Number of sectors in which a TESS planet
transits in ppm x 10-6 for Kepler; ppm for
TESS cdpp The RMS CDPP computed at the
transit duration. See Table E.1 in paper
for details (num_sectors)
572-592 F21.14 ---- cdpp cdpp
594-616 F23.16 --- S/N Signal-to-Noise ratio (snr)
618-635 F18.16 --- ptransit Transit probability (ptransit)
637-656 F20.16 --- ptransit-1 Inverse transit probability
(i.e. 1/transprob) (ptransit-1)
658-679 F22.20 --- pdetect Detection probability (pdetection_Detection)
681-701 F21.16 --- pdetect-1 Inverse detection probability
(i.e. 1/detprob) (pdetection-1)
703-724 F22.16 --- Weight Weighting of planet
(i.e. 1/transprob * 1/detprob) (weight)
726-748 F23.17 --- Instell Instellation of planet (in Earth insolation
unit) (insolations_instell)
750-773 F24.19 --- E_Instell ? Instellation of planet upper error (in
Earth insolation unit)
(insolationsinstellerr1)
775-797 F23.18 --- e_Instell []? Instellation of planet lower error (in
Earth insolation unit)
(insolationsinstellerr2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: nir-lbl.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 F18.12 d RJD Reduced Julian Date (rjd)
20- 37 F18.12 m/s RV Radial velocity (vrad)
39- 57 F19.16 m/s e_RV Radial velocity error (svrad)
59- 75 F17.10 m2/s2 d2v Projection onto the 2nd derivative of
the spectrum (d2v)
77- 94 F18.12 m2/s2 e_d2v Projection onto the 2nd derivative of
the spectrum error (sd2v)
96- 116 F21.11 m3/s3 d3V [] Projection onto the 3rd derivative
of the spectrum (d3v)
118- 135 F18.9 m3/s3 e_d3V Projection onto the 3rd derivative of
the spectrum error (sd3v)
137- 155 F19.15 K dTemp3000 dTemp activity indicator @ 3000K
(DTEMP3000)
157- 174 F18.16 K e_dTemp3000 dTemp activity indicator @ 3000K error
(sDTEMP3000)
176- 193 F18.14 K dTemp3500 dTemp activity indicator @ 3500K
(DTEMP3500)
195- 212 F18.16 K e_dTemp3500 dTemp activity indicator @ 3500K error
(sDTEMP3500)
214- 231 F18.14 K dTemp4000 dTemp activity indicator @ 4000K
(DTEMP4000)
233- 250 F18.16 K e_dTemp4000 dTemp activity indicator @ 4000K error
(sDTEMP4000)
252- 269 F18.14 K dTemp4500 dTemp activity indicator @ 4500K
(DTEMP4500)
271- 288 F18.16 K e_dTemp4500 dTemp activity indicator @ 4500K error
(sDTEMP4500)
290- 307 F18.15 K dTemp5000 dTemp activity indicator @ 3500K
(DTEMP5000)
309- 326 F18.16 K e_dTemp5000 dTemp activity indicator @ 5000K error
(sDTEMP5000)
328- 346 F19.14 K dTemp5500 dTemp activity indicator @ 5500K
(DTEMP5500)
348- 365 F18.16 K e_dTemp5500 dTemp activity indicator @ 5500K error
(sDTEMP5500)
367- 385 F19.15 K dTemp6000 dTemp activity indicator @ 6000K
(DTEMP6000)
387- 404 F18.16 K e_dTemp6000 dTemp activity indicator @ 6000K error
(sDTEMP6000)
406- 490 A85 --- LFileName Local file name (localfilename)
492- 509 F18.12 --- PlotDate Plot date (plot_date)
511- 528 F18.10 m/s dW Differential width (dW)
530- 547 F18.12 m/s e_dW Differential width error (sdW)
549- 565 F17.12 m/s FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum (fwhm)
567- 585 F19.16 m/s e_FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum error
(sig_fwhm)
587- 604 F18.16 --- Contrast Contrast (contrast)
606- 626 F21.19 --- e_Contrast Contrast error (sig_contrast)
628- 646 F19.13 m/s RVachrom Value of fit (vrad_achromatic)
648- 666 F19.16 m/s e_RVachrom Value of fit error (svrad_achromatic)
668- 686 F19.15 m/s/um RVchromSl Chromatic slope of fit
(vradchromaticslope)
688- 705 F18.15 m/s/um e_RVchromSl Chromatic slope error
(svradchromaticslope)
707- 725 F19.15 --- CRX Velocity slope as in Zechmeister 2018
in m/s/nepper unit (CRX)
727- 744 F18.15 --- e_CRX Velocity slope error in m/s/nepper unit
(sCRX)
746- 830 A85 --- Filename Input filename (FILENAME)
832- 849 F18.12 --- MJD-OBS Keyword for computing MJD (MJD-OBS)
851- 868 F18.10 d BJD Barycentric Julian Date
(HIERARCH ESO QC BJD)
870- 877 F8.4 s ExpTime Exposure time (EXPTIME)
879- 896 F18.16 --- Airmass Airmass at start of observation
(HIERARCH ESO TEL AIRM START)
898- 916 A19 --- Date-Obs Date of observation (DATE-OBS)
918- 937 F20.16 --- BERV Barycentric Earth Radial Velocity
(HIERARCH ESO QC BERV)
939- 945 A7 --- ObjKW Object keyword
(HIERARCH ESO PRO REC1 RAW1 CATG)
947- 949 I3 --- TLPEH2O ?=- Exponent of the water absorption
term of the telluric correction in
APERO (TLPEH2O)
951- 953 I3 --- Niter ?=- Number of iterations for LBL
convergence
(KWTAUOTHERSKW_NITERATIONS)
955- 957 F3.1 --- ResetRV True/False flag to determine if we had
a convergence (RESET_RV)
959- 976 F18.13 --- SystVelo Systemic velocity of star (SYSTVELO)
978- 984 A7 --- Object Object name (OBJECT)
986-1003 F18.15 --- SNR55 Signal-to-Noise at Order 55
(LBLVersHIERARCH ESO QC ORDER55 SNR)
1005-1021 F17.12 --- CCFEW e-width of the CCF of the template
spectrum (CCF_EW)
1023-1030 A8 --- LBLVers LBL version (LBL_VERSION)
1032-1041 A10 --- LBLVdate LBL version date (LBL_VDATE)
1043-1065 A23 --- LBLPdate LBL install date (LBL_PDATE)
1067-1154 A88 --- LBLSciDir Science directory (LBLSCIDIR)
1156-1174 F19.13 m/s RVh Band-averaged velocity (vrad_h)
1176-1194 F19.16 m/s e_RVh Band-averaged velocity error (svrad_h)
1196-1214 F19.13 m/s RVh0-2044 Band-averaged velocity left of array
(vradh0-2044)
1216-1233 F18.15 m/s e_RVh0-2044 Band-averaged velocity left of array
error (svradh0-2044)
1235-1253 F19.13 m/s RVh2044-4088 Band-averaged velocity center of array
(vradh2044-4088)
1255-1272 F18.15 m/s e_RVh2044-4088 Band-averaged velocity center of array
error (svradh2044-4088)
1274-1292 F19.13 m/s RVh1532-2556 Band-averaged velocity right of array
(vradh1532-2556)
1294-1311 F18.15 m/s e_RVh1532-2556 Band-averaged velocity right of array
error (svradh1532-2556)
1313-1315 F3.1 m/s RV912nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_912nm)
1317-1319 F3.1 m/s e_RV912nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_912nm)
1321-1323 F3.1 m/s RV939nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_939nm)
1325-1327 F3.1 m/s e_RV939nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_939nm)
1329-1347 F19.13 m/s RV966nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_966nm)
1349-1366 F18.14 m/s e_RV966nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_966nm)
1368-1385 F18.12 m/s RV993nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_993nm)
1387-1405 F19.15 m/s e_RV993nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_993nm)
1407-1425 F19.13 m/s RV1022nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1022nm)
1427-1445 F19.15 m/s e_RV1022nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1022nm)
1447-1465 F19.13 m/s RV1051nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1051nm)
1467-1484 F18.15 m/s e_RV1051nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1051nm)
1486-1504 F19.13 m/s RV1081nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1081nm)
1506-1524 F19.15 m/s e_RV1081nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1081nm)
1526-1544 F19.13 m/s RV1112nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1112nm)
1546-1563 F18.15 m/s e_RV1112nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1112nm)
1565-1583 F19.13 m/s RV1144nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1144nm)
1585-1602 F18.15 m/s e_RV1144nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1144nm)
1604-1622 F19.13 m/s RV1177nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1177nm)
1624-1641 F18.15 m/s e_RV1177nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1177nm)
1643-1661 F19.13 m/s RV1211nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1211nm)
1663-1680 F18.15 m/s e_RV1211nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1211nm)
1682-1700 F19.13 m/s RV1245nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1245nm)
1702-1720 F19.15 m/s e_RV1245nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1245nm)
1722-1740 F19.13 m/s RV1281nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1281nm)
1742-1760 F19.15 m/s e_RV1281nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1281nm)
1762-1780 F19.13 m/s RV1318nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1318nm)
1782-1799 F18.15 m/s e_RV1318nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1318nm)
1801-1818 F18.12 m/s RV1356nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1356nm)
1820-1838 F19.15 m/s e_RV1356nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1356nm)
1840-1858 F19.13 m/s RV1395nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1395nm)
1860-1877 F18.14 m/s e_RV1395nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1395nm)
1879-1896 F18.12 m/s RV1435nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1435nm)
1898-1915 F18.15 m/s e_RV1435nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1435nm)
1917-1935 F19.13 m/s RV1476nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1476nm)
1937-1954 F18.15 m/s e_RV1476nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1476nm)
1956-1973 F18.12 m/s RV1518nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1518nm)
1975-1992 F18.15 m/s e_RV1518nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1518nm)
1994-2011 F18.12 m/s RV1562nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1562nm)
2013-2030 F18.15 m/s e_RV1562nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1562nm)
2032-2050 F19.13 m/s RV1607nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1607nm)
2052-2069 F18.15 m/s e_RV1607nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1607nm)
2071-2089 F19.13 m/s RV1653nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1653nm)
2091-2108 F18.15 m/s e_RV1653nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1653nm)
2110-2128 F19.13 m/s RV1700nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1700nm)
2130-2147 F18.15 m/s e_RV1700nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1700nm)
2149-2167 F19.13 m/s RV1749nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1749nm)
2169-2186 F18.15 m/s e_RV1749nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1749nm)
2188-2206 F19.13 m/s RV1799nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_1799nm)
2208-2225 F18.15 m/s e_RV1799nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_1799nm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: harpslbl.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 F18.12 d RJD Reduced Julian Date (JD-2400000) (rjd)
20- 38 F19.13 m/s RV Radial velocity (vrad)
40- 57 F18.16 m/s e_RV Radial velocity error (svrad)
59- 76 F18.11 m2/s2 d2V Projection onto the 2nd derivative of
the spectrum (d2v)
78- 95 F18.13 m2/s2 e_d2V Projection onto the 2nd derivative of
the spectrum error (sd2v)
97- 116 F20.11 m3/s3 d3V Projection onto the 3rd derivative of
the spectrum (d3v)
118- 135 F18.10 m3/s3 e_d3V Projection onto the 3rd derivative of
the spectrum error (sd3v)
137- 155 F19.15 K dTemp3000 dTemp activity indicator @ 3000K
(DTEMP3000)
157- 174 F18.16 K e_dTemp3000 dTemp activity indicator @ 3000K error
(sDTEMP3000)
176- 194 F19.15 K dTemp3500 dTemp activity indicator @ 3500K
(DTEMP3500)
196- 213 F18.16 K e_dTemp3500 dTemp activity indicator @ 3500K error
(sDTEMP3500)
215- 233 F19.15 K dTemp4000 dTemp activity indicator @ 4000K
(DTEMP4000)
235- 252 F18.16 K e_dTemp4000 dTemp activity indicator @ 4000K error
(sDTEMP4000)
254- 329 A76 --- LFileName Local file name (localfilename)
331- 346 F16.8 --- PlotDate Plot date (plot_date)
348- 365 F18.11 m/s dW Differential width (dW)
367- 384 F18.12 m/s e_dW Differential width error (sdW)
386- 403 F18.13 m/s FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum (fwhm)
405- 422 F18.16 m/s e_FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum error
(sig_fwhm)
424- 441 F18.16 --- Contrast Contrast (contrast)
443- 464 E22.17 --- e_Contrast Contrast error (sig_contrast)
466- 483 F18.12 m/s RVachrom Value of fit (vrad_achromatic)
485- 502 F18.15 m/s e_RVachrom Value of fit error (svrad_achromatic)
504- 523 F20.15 m/s/um RVachromSl Chromatic slope of fit
(vradchromaticslope)
525- 543 F19.15 m/s/um e_RVachromSl Chromatic slope error
(svradchromaticslope)
545- 620 A76 --- Filename Input filename (FILENAME)
622- 637 F16.8 --- BJD Barycentric Julian Date
(HIERARCH ESO DRS BJD)
639- 650 F12.7 --- ExpTime Exposure time
(HIERARCH ESO DET WIN1 DIT1)
652- 670 F19.16 --- Airmass Airmass at start of observation
(HIERARCH ESO TEL AIRM START)
672- 694 A23 --- Date-Obs Date of observation (DATE-OBS)
696- 713 F18.14 --- BERV Barycentric Earth Radial Velocity
(HIERARCH ESO QC BERV)
715- 726 A12 --- RDPR-Type Observation setup
(HIERARCH ESO DPR TYPE)
728- 746 F19.17 --- TLPEH2O Exponent of the water absorption term of
the telluric correction in APERO
(TLPEH2O)
748- 765 F18.16 --- TLPEOTR Exponent of the "dry" absorption term of
the telluric correction in APERO
(TLPEOTR)
767- 769 F3.1 --- Niter Number of iterations for LBL convergence
(ITE_RV)
771- 773 F3.1 --- ResetRV [0/1] True/False flag to determine if we
had a convergence (RESET_RV)
775- 794 F20.13 --- SystVelo Systemic velocity of star (SYSTVELO)
796- 836 A41 --- CFileName Calibration file name
(HIERARCHESODRSCALTH_FILE)
838- 844 A7 --- TargName Object name (HIERARCHESOOBSTARGNAME)
846- 849 F4.1 --- SNR47 Signal-to-Noise at Order 47
(HIERARCHESODRSSPEEXT_SN47)
851- 867 F17.12 --- CCFEW e-width of the CCF of the template
spectrum (CCF_EW)
869- 876 A8 --- LBLVers LBL version (LBL_VERSION)
878- 887 A10 --- LBLVdate LBL version date (LBL_VDATE)
889- 911 A23 --- LBLPdate LBL install date (LBL_PDATE)
913-1000 A88 --- LBLSciDir Science directory (LBLSCIDIR)
1002-1020 F19.13 m/s RVg Band-averaged velocity (vrad_g)
1022-1040 F19.16 m/s e_RVg Band-averaged velocity error (svrad_g)
1042-1060 F19.13 m/s RVg0-2044 Band-averaged velocity left of array
(vradg0-2044)
1062-1079 F18.15 m/s e_RVg0-2044 Band-averaged velocity left of array
error (svradg0-2044)
1081-1099 F19.13 m/s RVg2044-4088 Band-averaged velocity center of array
(vradg2044-4088)
1101-1118 F18.15 m/s e_RVg2044-4088 Band-averaged velocity center of array
error (svradg2044-4088)
1120-1139 F20.13 m/s RV407nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_407nm)
1141-1158 F18.13 m/s e_RV407nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_407nm)
1160-1179 F20.13 m/s RV423nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_423nm)
1181-1198 F18.13 m/s e_RV423nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_423nm)
1200-1218 F19.13 m/s RV439nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_439nm)
1220-1237 F18.14 m/s e_RV439nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_439nm)
1239-1256 F18.12 m/s RV455nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_455nm)
1258-1275 F18.14 m/s e_RV455nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_455nm)
1277-1295 F19.13 m/s RV473nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_473nm)
1297-1315 F19.15 m/s e_RV473nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_473nm)
1317-1335 F19.13 m/s RV491nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_491nm)
1337-1354 F18.15 m/s e_RV491nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_491nm)
1356-1374 F19.13 m/s RV509nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_509nm)
1376-1393 F18.15 m/s e_RV509nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_509nm)
1395-1413 F19.13 m/s RV529nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_529nm)
1415-1432 F18.15 m/s e_RV529nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_529nm)
1434-1452 F19.13 m/s RV549nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_549nm)
1454-1471 F18.15 m/s e_RV549nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_549nm)
1473-1491 F19.13 m/s RV570nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_570nm)
1493-1510 F18.15 m/s e_RV570nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_570nm)
1512-1530 F19.13 m/s RV591nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_591nm)
1532-1549 F18.15 m/s e_RV591nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_591nm)
1551-1569 F19.13 m/s RV614nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_614nm)
1571-1588 F18.15 m/s e_RV614nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_614nm)
1590-1608 F19.13 m/s RV637nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_637nm)
1610-1628 F19.16 m/s e_RV637nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_637nm)
1630-1648 F19.13 m/s RV662nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_662nm)
1650-1667 F18.15 m/s e_RV662nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_662nm)
1669-1686 F18.12 m/s RV687nm Bin-averaged velocity for a wavelength
chunk where number gives mean of
start/end of wavelength chunk
(vrad_687nm)
1688-1705 F18.15 m/s e_RV687nm Bin-averaged velocity error
(svrad_687nm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: harpsdrs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 F18.12 d RJD Reduced Julian Date (rjd)
20- 31 F12.6 m/s RV Radial velocity (vrad)
33- 41 F9.6 m/s e_RV Radial velocity error (svrad)
43- 53 F11.6 m/s FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum
(activity indicator) (fwhm)
55- 62 F8.6 m/s e_FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum error (sig_fwhm)
64- 73 F10.6 m/s BisSpan Bisector span (activity indicator) (bis_span)
75- 83 F9.6 m/s e_BisSpan Bisector span error (sigbisspan)
85- 93 F9.6 -- Contrast Contrast (activity indicator) (contrast)
95-102 F8.6 -- e_Contrast Contrast error (sig_contrast)
104-111 F8.6 -- SMW S-index (activity indicator) (s_mw)
113-120 F8.6 -- e_SMW S-index error (sig_s)
122-129 F8.6 -- Ha H-alpha (activity indicator) (ha)
131-138 F8.6 -- e_Ha H-alpha error (sig_ha)
140-147 F8.6 -- Na Sodium (activity indicator) (na)
149-156 F8.6 -- e_Na Sodium error (sig_na)
158-165 F8.6 -- Ca Calcium (activity indicator) (ca)
167-174 F8.6 -- e_Ca Calcium error (sig_ca)
176-183 F8.6 -- RHK logRhk (activity indicator) (rhk)
185-192 F8.6 -- e_RHK logRhk error (sig_rhk)
194-202 A9 -- protM08 Chromospheric rotation period
(Mamajek Hillenbrand 08) (prot_m08)
204-211 F8.6 -- e_protM08 Chromospheric rotation period error
(sigprotm08)
213-221 A9 -- protN84 Chromospheric rotation period (Noyes 84)
(prot_n84)
223-230 F8.6 -- e_protN84 Chromospheric rotation period error
(sigprotn84)
232-241 F10.6 -- BERV Barycentric Earth Radial Velocity (berv)
243 I1 -- Weight Weight (weight)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Ares Osborn, dr.ares.osborn(at)gmail.com
License: CC-BY-4.0 [see https://spdx.org/licenses/]
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 13-Mar-2026