J/A+A/711/A136 SPHERE infrared survey for exoplanets. V. (Squicciarini+, 2026)
The SPHERE infrared survey for exoplanets (SHINE).
V. Full sample characterization.
Squicciarini V., Desidera S., Chauvin G., Kiefer F., D'Orazi V.,
Fontanive C., Vigan A., Nardiello D., Messina S., Albert D., Bergeon S.,
Beuzit J.-L., Biller B., Boccaletti A., Bonavita M., Bonnefoy M.,
Brandner W., Cantalloube F., Cheetham A., Delorme P., Dominik C., Feldt M.,
Galicher R., Gratton R., Hagelberg J., Henning T., Janson M., Lagadec E.,
Lagrange A.-M., Langlois M., Lazzoni C., Le Coroller H., Ligi R.,
Maire A.-L., Marleau G.-D., Menard F., Mesa D., Meunier N., Meyer M.,
Mordasini C., Moutou C., Mueller A., Perrot C., Samland M., Schmid H.M.,
Schmidt T., Sissa E., Turatto M., Udry S., Zurlo A., Abe L., Antichi J.,
Baruffolo A., Baudoz P., Baudrand J., Bazzon A., Blanchard P., Bohn A.J.,
Carbillet M., Carle M., Cascone E., Charton J., Claudi R., Costille A.,
De Caprio V., Delboulbe A., Dohlen K., Engler N., Fantinel D., Feautrier P.,
Fusco T., Gigan P., Girard J.H., Giro E., Gisler D., Glueck L., Gry C.,
Hubin N., Hugot E., Jaquet M., Kasper M., Le Mignant D., Llored M.,
Madec F., Magnard Y., Martinez P., Maurel D., Moeller-Nilsson O.,
Mouillet D., Moulin T., Origne A., Pavlov A., Perret D., Petit C., Pragt J.,
Puget P., Rabou P., Ramos J., Rigal F., Rochat S., Roelfsema R., Rousset G.,
Roux A., Salasnich B., Sauvage J.-F., Sevin A., Soenke C., Stadler E.,
Suarez M., Wahhaj Z., Weber L., Wildi F.
<Astron. Astrophys. 711, A136 (2026)>
=2026A&A...711A.136S 2026A&A...711A.136S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Infrared ;
X-ray sources ; Optical ; Proper motions ; Stars, ages ;
Stars, masses
Keywords: planets and satellites: detection - binaries: general -
stars: fundamental parameters - stars: pre-main sequence
Abstract:
Unbiased surveys of large stellar samples are the prime means through
which the prevalence of exoplanets can be derived, and crucial
constraints to planet formation models can be set.Direct imaging (DI)
is ideally positioned to probe the outer regions (5-300au) of
planetary systems, providing complementary information to techniques
such as transits and radial velocities.
We present the full sample of the SpHere INfrared survey for
Exoplanets (SHINE), the second largest DI campaign to date. SHINE
observed 460 stars between 2015 and 2023 thanks to the guaranteed time
observations (GTO) allocated by ESO to the SPHERE consortium at VLT.
The goal of this paper is to homogeneously derive the stellar
properties of the targets and to define a subsample of young single
hosts to be used as a starting point for the final statistical
analysis of the survey.
Stellar ages were determined based on kinematic indicators (such as
the membership to young moving groups), age diagnostics (lithium
abundance, rotation, and activity), and isochrone fitting. A thorough
vetting for binarity was undertaken combining astrometric,
spectroscopic, and imaging data.
A subsample of 333 stars, covering a large extent of stellar ages and
masses, was constructed. Selection criteria, global features, as well
as the properties of individual stars are reported and discussed.
Description:
This paper presented an overview of the stellar sample targeted by
SHINE, a large direct imaging survey looking for wide-orbit giant
planets in the solar neighborhood. It belongs to a series of three
papers comprising a study of the observations and data reduction
(Chomez et al., 2025A&A...697A..99C 2025A&A...697A..99C), and the statistical analysis
emerging from the survey (Chauvin et al., in prep.); these
publications are an update of the papers (Desidera et al.
2021A&A...651A..70D 2021A&A...651A..70D, Cat. J/A+A/651/A70; Langlois et al.
2021A&A...651A..71L 2021A&A...651A..71L, Cat. J/A+A/651/A71; Vigan et al.
2021A&A...651A..72V 2021A&A...651A..72V) published when the survey was ∼30% complete.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tabled1.dat 170 460 Astrometric and photometric properties
tabled2.dat 213 460 Kinematic properties
tabled3.dat 108 460 Indirect age indicators
tabled4.dat 122 460 Ages and masses
tabled5.dat 225 152 Stellar companions
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See also:
J/A+A/651/A70 : SHINE sample definition (Desidera+, 2021)
J/A+A/651/A71 : SHINE II (Langlois+, 2021)
J/A+A/697/A99 : SHINE IV. (Chomez+, 2025)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 52 A28 --- GaiaDR3 ? Gaia DR3 ID
54- 55 I2 h RAh Right Ascension (J2000)
57- 58 I2 min RAm Right Ascension (J2000)
60- 66 F7.4 s RAs Right Ascension (J2000)
68 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
70- 71 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
73- 74 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
76- 81 F6.3 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
83-100 F18.14 mas plx Parallax
102-120 F19.17 mas e_plx Parallax error
122-132 F11.7 mag Gmag ? G magnitude from Gaia DR3
134-138 F5.3 mag Hmag H magnitude from 2MASS
140-154 A15 --- SpType Spectral type
156-170 A15 --- Disk Evidence for disk (1)
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Note (1): Evidence for disk as follows:
IREX = Chen et al., 2014ApJS..211...25C 2014ApJS..211...25C, Cat. J/ApJS/211/25
(a) = catalog of circumstellar disks
(b) = Engler et al., 2025A&A...704A..21E 2025A&A...704A..21E
(c) = Ingleby et al., 2011ApJ...743..105I 2011ApJ...743..105I; accretion indicating a full disk
PP = protoplanetary disk
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 43 F19.14 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion along RA
45- 63 F19.17 mas/yr e_pmRA Error on proper motion along RA
65- 85 F21.15 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion along Dec
87-105 F19.17 mas/yr e_pmDE Error on proper motion along Dec
107-109 A3 --- r_pm Source of proper motions (1)
111-123 F13.9 km/s RV ? Radial velocity
125-137 F13.9 km/s e_RV ? Error on radial velocity
139-147 A9 --- YMG Most likely young moving group (YMG) (2)
149-160 F12.8 --- RUWE ? Gaia DR3 re-normalised unit weight error
162-183 F22.17 --- ruweSNR ? SNR of RUWE from GaiaPMEX
185-205 F21.16 --- pmaSNR ? SNR of proper motion anomaly from GaiaPMEX
207-213 F7.1 Mjup m2LL ? Minimum mass of the secondary from GaiaPMEX
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Note (1): Source of proper motions as follows:
G2 = Gaia DR2
G3 = Gaia DR3
G3H = long-term Gaia-Hipparcos proper motion
H = Hipparcos
Note (2): Acronyms defined in Table 2 from the paper.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 30 F6.2 [10-7W] logLX ? X-ray luminosity
32- 43 A12 --- RX Ratio of X-ray to bolometric luminosities,
RX=LX/Lbol
45- 49 F5.2 [-] logR'HK ? Chromospheric R'HK index
51- 57 F7.3 d Prot ? Rotation period
59- 62 A4 km/s vsini Projected rotational velocity
64- 69 F6.1 0.1nm EWLi ? LiI equivalent width
71- 74 F4.1 0.1nm e_EWLi ? Error on Li I equivalent width
76- 87 A12 --- n_EWLi Note on lithium
89-106 A18 --- Ref References for indicators (1)
108 A1 --- r_Li Source for lithium (2)
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Note (1): References as follows:
A17 = Astudillo-Defru et al., 2017A&A...600A..13A 2017A&A...600A..13A, Cat. J/A+A/600/A13
B19 = Bowler et al., 2019ApJ...877...60B 2019ApJ...877...60B, Cat. J/ApJ/877/60
B22 = Brown et al., 2022MNRAS.514.4300B 2022MNRAS.514.4300B, Cat. J/MNRAS/514.4300
C24 = Colman et al., 2024AJ....167..189C 2024AJ....167..189C, Cat. J/AJ/167/189
D15 = Desidera et al., 2015A&A...573A.126D 2015A&A...573A.126D, Cat. J/A+A/573/A126
F22 = Fuhrmeister et al., 2022A&A...657A.125F 2022A&A...657A.125F, Cat. J/A+A/657/A125
F23 = Fetherholf et al., 2023ApJS..268....4F 2023ApJS..268....4F, Cat. J/ApJS/268/4
G20 = Gondoin, 2020A&A...641A.110G 2020A&A...641A.110G, Cat. J/A+A/641/A110
H19 = Hojjatpanah et al., 2019A&A...629A..80H 2019A&A...629A..80H, Cat. J/A+A/629/A80
K14 = Kraus et al., 2014AJ....147..146K 2014AJ....147..146K, Cat. J/AJ/147/146
L09 = Lopezi-Santiago et al., 2009A&A...499..129L 2009A&A...499..129L
M13 = Malo et al., 2013ApJ...762...88M 2013ApJ...762...88M, Cat. J/ApJ/762/88
M16 = Messina et al., 2016A&A...596A..29M 2016A&A...596A..29M
P16 = PecautT & Mamajek, 2016MNRAS.461..794P 2016MNRAS.461..794P, Cat. J/MNRAS/461/794
P24 = PerdelwitzR et al., 2024A&A...683A.125P 2024A&A...683A.125P, Cat. J/A+A/683/A125
R12 = Richards et al., 2012ApJS..203...32R 2012ApJS..203...32R, Cat. J/ApJS/203/32
R18 = Reiners et al., 2018A&A...612A..49R 2018A&A...612A..49R, Cat. J/A+A/612/A49
S00 = Strassmeier et al., 2000A&AS..142..275S 2000A&AS..142..275S, Cat. J/A+AS/142/275
S07 = Schroeder & Schmitt, 2007A&A...475..677S 2007A&A...475..677S, Cat, J/A+A/475/677
S24 = Shan et al., 2024A&A...684A...9S 2024A&A...684A...9S, Cat. J/A+A/684/A9
T06 = Torres et al., 2006A&A...460..695T 2006A&A...460..695T, Cat. J/A+A/460/695
T22 = Tranin et al., 2022A&A...657A.138T 2022A&A...657A.138T, Cat. J/A+A/657/A138
TW = this work
W04 = Wright et al., 2004ApJS..152..261W 2004ApJS..152..261W, Cat. J/ApJS/152/261
Note (2): Source for lithium (this work) as follows:
F = FEROS spectra
H = HARPS spectra
S = SOPHIE spectra
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 30 F6.1 Myr Age [1/6000] Age
32- 37 F6.1 Myr b_Age [0.5/5000] Lower age
39- 44 F6.1 Myr B_Age [1.8/7000] Upper age
46- 57 A12 --- method Method for age determination (1)
59- 62 F4.2 Msun Mass [0.18/4.1] Mass
64- 67 F4.2 Msun b_Mass [0.17/4.04] Lower mass
69- 72 F4.2 Msun B_Mass [0.19/4.17] Upper mass
74- 78 A5 --- Stat is the star in the statistical subsample?
80-122 A43 --- Remarks Reason for rejection of the star from the
statistical sample (2)
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Note (1): Methods for age determination:
ACT = activity
Li = lithium
ROT = rotation
IM = combination of all the indirect method above
ISO = isochrones
YMG = young moving group
SC-x = Sco-Cen age determination methods (see paper for details)
Note (2): Reason for rejection from the statistical sample:
GR = gas-rich disk
IC = imaged companion within 500 au
WC = companion within 500 au outside the field of view
OS = star older than 1 Gyr
NSS = solution in GaiaNSS
PM = binary from GaiaPMEX
OA = other astrometric evidence for binarity
SB = spectroscopic binary
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 42 F18.14 --- plx Parallax
44- 64 F21.16 --- ruweSNR ? SNR of RUWE from GaiaPMEX
66- 85 F20.15 --- pmaSNR ? SNR of proper motion anomaly
from GaiaPMEX
87- 91 A5 --- PMEXbin Binarity status according to GaiaPMEX
93 I1 --- MultType [1/3] Multiplicity type: (1)
95-105 A11 --- DetMethod Detection method (2)
107-109 A3 --- binn Notes on binarity (3)
111-118 A8 --- Ref References (4)
120-147 A28 --- Name2 Companion name
149-154 F6.3 solMass Mass2 ? Companion mass
156-166 F11.4 arcsec Sep2 ? Companion separation
168-191 F24.17 au Sep2au Companion separation in au
193-199 F7.4 arcsec Sep2UL ? Companion separation
201-221 F21.17 au Sep2ULau ? Companion separation in au
223-225 A3 --- Comment2 Comment on the companion (5)
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Note (1): Multiplicity type as follows:
1 = too close to be resolved by SPHERE
2 = resolved by SPHERE
3 = outside SPHERE FoV
Note (2): Detection method as follows:
IC = companion imaged via direct imaging or interferometry
R = resolved by Gaia
NSS = GaiaNSS catalog
PM = GaiaPMEX
RV = radial velocities
OA = other astrometric evidence
Note (3): Notes on binarity:
SB1 = single-lined spectroscopic binary
SB2 = double-lined spectroscopic binary
Note (4): References as follows:
TW = this work
G = Gaia DR3
GS1 = GaiaNSS (SB1)
a7 = GaiaNSS (acceleration7)
a9 = GaiaNSS (acceleration9)
aS1 = GaiaNSS (AstroSpectroSB1)
orb = GaiaNSS (Orbital)
ots = GaiaNSS (OrbitalTargetedSearchValidated)
A15 = Alonso-Floriano et al., 2015A&A...583A..85A 2015A&A...583A..85A
B22 = Bonavita et al., 2022MNRAS.513.5588B 2022MNRAS.513.5588B
B22b = Bonavita et al., 2022A&A...663A.144B 2022A&A...663A.144B, Cat. J/A+A/663/A144
F14 = Fuhrmann et al., 2014MNRAS.437.2303F 2014MNRAS.437.2303F, Cat. J/MNRAS/437/2303
F20 = Flagg et al., 2020ApJ...896..153F 2020ApJ...896..153F
G23 = Grandjean et al., 2023A&A...669A..12G 2023A&A...669A..12G, Cat. J/A+A/669/A12
K13 = Kohler et al., 2013A&A...558A..80K 2013A&A...558A..80K
L09 = Lagrange et al., 2009A&A...495..335L 2009A&A...495..335L
L16 = Lagrange et al., 2016A&A...586L...8L 2016A&A...586L...8L
M14 = Marion et al., 2014A&A...570A.127M 2014A&A...570A.127M
T20 = Traven et al., 2020A&A...638A.145T 2020A&A...638A.145T, Cat. J/A+A/638/A145
T22 = Tokovinin et al., 2022AJ....164...58T 2022AJ....164...58T, Cat. J/AJ/164/58
W07 = White et al., 2007AJ....133.2524W 2007AJ....133.2524W, Cat. J/AJ/133/2524
W15 = Wagner et al., 2015ApJ...813L...2W 2015ApJ...813L...2W
W23 = Waisberg et al., 2023RNAAS...7..180W 2023RNAAS...7..180W
Note (5): Comment on the companion as follows:
SB1 = single-lined spectroscopic binary
SB2 = double-lined spectroscopic binary
PM = binary according to GaiaPMEX
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Acknowledgements:
Vito Squicciarini, vito.squicciarini(at)exeter.ac.uk
License: CC-BY-4.0
References:
Desidera et al., Paper I, 2021A&A...651A..70D 2021A&A...651A..70D, Cat. J/A+A/651/A70
Langlois et al., Paper II, 2021A&A...651A..71L 2021A&A...651A..71L, Cat. J/A+A/651/A71
Vigan et al., Paper III, 2021A&A...651A..72V 2021A&A...651A..72V
Chomez et al., Paper IV, 2025A&A...697A..99C 2025A&A...697A..99C, Cat. J/A+A/697/A99
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 29-May-2026