J/A+A/712/A213 RVs and activity indices of 8 stars (Barbato+, 2026)
The GAPS programme at TNG. LXXV.
Validating and confirming Gaia sub-stellar astrometric candidates with HARPS-N
Barbato D., Pinamonti M., Sozzetti A., Desidera S., D'Orazi V.,
Maldonado J., Biazzo K., Naponiello L., Lanza A.F., Bignamini A.,
Bonomo A.S., Brogi M., Cabona L., Damasso M., Gratton R., Mancini L.,
Mantovan G., Nardiello D., Rainer M., Guilluy G., Giacobbe P., Malavolta L.,
Cosentino R., Boschin W., Claudi R.
<Astron. Astrophys. 712, A213 (2026)>
=2026A&A...712A.213B 2026A&A...712A.213B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Radial velocities ;
Optical
Keywords: techniques: radial velocities - astrometry -
planets and satellites: detection - brown dwarfs
Abstract:
The astrometric measurements provided by the Gaia space mission
represent a key advancement in the search and characterization of
exoplanets, helping in particular to solve the mass degeneracy
intrinsic to the radial velocity (RV) method. The fact that a fraction
of astrophysical false positives contaminates the current catalog of
astrometric candidate solutions requires an RV follow-up to validate
and confirm such candidates.
Within the GAPS programme, we have observed a selected sample of 14
stars having Gaia astrometric solutions compatible with the presence
of a substellar companion. The immediate aim of this survey is to
identify astrophysical false positives and provide the first RV
validation and confirmation of the remaining candidates. We analysed
data collected with the HARPS-N spectrograph to identify stellar
binary systems from the spectral cross-correlation function profiles.
The remaining astrometric candidates were characterized via Markov
chain Monte Carlo analysis searching for the best-fit RV solution.
Among the stars in our sample with astrometric candidate solutions, we
identify 6 as originating from close binary companions mimicking the
astrometric motion of distant substellar companions, from which we can
estimate an updated value of 43-11+13% for the binary
contamination fraction in the Gaia DR3 catalog of astrometric
candidates. We validate and confirm the remaining 8 solutions,
corresponding to giant and brown dwarf companions with minimum masses
between 8 and 62MJup and semimajor axes between 0.76 and 1.42 au,
providing the first RV characterization for 6 of these candidates and
updated orbital solutions for 2 previously confirmed ones
Description:
HARPS-N measurements for the stars discussed in this work.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
stars.dat 47 8 List of studied stars
table1.dat 111 244 RV and activity indexes timeseries
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 22 A22 --- Star Host star name
25- 26 I2 h RAh Simbad right ascension (J2000)
28- 29 I2 min RAm Simbad right ascension (J2000)
31- 35 F5.2 s RAs Simbad right ascension (J2000)
37 A1 --- DE- Simbad declination sign (J2000)
38- 39 I2 deg DEd Simbad declination (J2000)
41- 42 I2 arcmin DEm Simbad declination (J2000)
44- 47 F4.1 arcsec DEs Simbad declination (J2000)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 22 A22 --- Star Host star name
24- 33 F10.2 d BJD Epoch of measurement
35- 38 I4 s Texp Exposure time
40- 47 F8.4 km/s RV Radial Velocity value
49- 54 F6.4 km/s e_RV Radial Velocity uncertainty
56- 61 F6.4 km/s FWHM Full width half maximum
63- 69 F7.4 km/s BIS Bisector inverse span
71- 76 F6.4 --- Smw S-index
78- 83 F6.4 --- e_Smw S-index uncertainty
85- 90 F6.4 --- Halpha Halpha index
92- 97 F6.4 --- e_Halpha Halpha index uncertainty
99-104 F6.4 --- NaI NaI index
106-111 F6.4 --- e_NaI NaI index uncertainty
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Acknowledgements:
Domenico Barbato, domenico.barbato(at)inaf.it
License: CC-BY-4.0
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(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 26-Jun-2026