J/AJ/154/118 WD+dMs from the SUPERBLINK proper motion survey (Skinner+, 2017)
Activity and kinematics of white dwarf-M dwarf binaries from the SUPERBLINK
proper motion survey.
Skinner J.N., Morgan D.P., West A.A., Lepine S., Thorstensen J.R.
<Astron. J., 154, 118 (2017)>
=2017AJ....154..118S 2017AJ....154..118S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Stars, white dwarf ; Stars, dwarfs ;
Stars, M-type ; Proper motions ; Photometry, ultraviolet ;
Photometry, VRI ; Photometry, infrared ; Spectral types ;
Radial velocities ; Stars, distances ; Space velocities
Keywords: binaries: close - proper motions - stars: activity -
stars: kinematics and dynamics - stars: low-mass - white dwarfs
Abstract:
We present an activity and kinematic analysis of high proper motion
white dwarf-M dwarf binaries (WD+dMs) found in the SUPERBLINK survey,
178 of which are new identifications. To identify WD+dMs, we developed
a UV-optical-IR color criterion and conducted a spectroscopic survey
to confirm each candidate binary. For the newly identified systems, we
fit the two components using model white dwarf spectra and M dwarf
template spectra to determine physical parameters. We use Hα
chromospheric emission to examine the magnetic activity of the M dwarf
in each system, and investigate how its activity is affected by the
presence of a white dwarf companion. We find that the fraction of
WD+dM binaries with active M dwarfs is significantly higher than their
single M dwarf counterparts at early and mid-spectral types. We
corroborate previous studies that find high activity fractions at both
close and intermediate separations. At more distant separations, the
binary fraction appears to approach the activity fraction for single
M dwarfs. Using derived radial velocities and the proper motions, we
calculate 3D space velocities for the WD+dMs in SUPERBLINK. For the
entire SUPERBLINK WD+dMs, we find a large vertical velocity dispersion,
indicating a dynamically hotter population compared to high proper
motion samples of single M dwarfs. We compare the kinematics for
systems with active M dwarfs and those with inactive M dwarfs, and
find signatures of asymmetric drift in the inactive sample, indicating
that they are drawn from an older population.
Description:
To select for nearby WD+dMs, we used the SUPERBLINK proper motion
survey (Lepine et al. 2002, J/AJ/124/1190; Lepine & Shara 2005, Cat. I/298),
an ongoing all-sky survey that identifies and characterizes stars with
proper motions µ>40 mas/yr.
For this study, we used the 2011 July version of SUPERBLINK, which
listed 2270481 stars, and was estimated to be >90% complete to V=19.0.
We selected WD+dMs based on a combination of V magnitudes derived from
the DSS plates (see Lepine & Shara 2005, Cat. I/298), near-UV magnitudes
from GALEX, and Ks magnitudes from 2MASS. Using the UV-optical-IR color
selection outlined in Skinner et al. (2014AJ....148..115S 2014AJ....148..115S), we selected
targets for spectroscopic follow-up (see bottom panel of Figure 1). We
acquired optical spectroscopy of 178 newly identified WD+dM candidates,
with the Boller and Chivens CCD spectrograph (CCDS), using both the Hiltner
2.4 m and McGraw-Hill 1.3 m telescopes located at the MDM Observatory.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 115 471 Astrometric and Photometric Properties of
the WD+dMs in the SUPERBLINK Proper Motion Survey
table2.dat 93 357 Spectral Types, Radial Velocities, and
Spectroscopic Distances of the Newly Identified
SUPERBLINK WD+dMs
table3.dat 60 324 3D Space Velocities for SUPERBLINK WD+dMs
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See also:
I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)
J/AJ/124/1190 : Northern high proper motion stars in DSS (Lepine+, 2002)
J/AJ/125/2621 : SDSS WD-M binary parameters (Raymond+, 2003)
J/ApJ/586/1356 : White dwarfs with cool companions (Wachter+, 2003)
J/AJ/129/2428 : M dwarf-white dwarf binary systems (Silvestri+, 2005)
J/ApJS/161/394 : Low-luminosity companions to white dwarfs (Farihi+, 2005)
J/AJ/134/26 : Binaries with white dwarf in 2MASS (Hoard+, 2007)
J/AJ/135/2177 : High proper motion stars in the DSS. IV. (Lepine, 2008)
J/A+A/496/191 : Spectral analysis of 636 SDSS WD-M binaries (Heller+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/402/620 : SDSS WD main-sequence binaries (Rebassa-Mansergas+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/409/1470 : Kepler compact pulsator candidates (Ostensen+, 2010)
J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)
J/AJ/144/93 : Close white dwarf + M dwarf binaries (WD+dM) (Morgan+, 2012)
J/AJ/145/102 : Spectroscopy of bright M dwarfs in the northern sky
(Lepine+, 2013)
J/AJ/145/136 : Astrometry and photometry of nearby white dwarfs
(Limoges+, 2013)
J/A+A/570/A107 : WDMS from LAMOST DR1 (Ren+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/445/1331 : White-dwarf + main-sequence binaries in SDSS DR9 (Li+, 2014)
J/ApJS/219/19 : Census of nearby white dwarfs from SUPERBLINK
(Limoges+, 2015)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 A2 --- --- [PM]
4- 15 A12 --- PM SUPERBLINK identifier (PM IHHMMm+DDMMW) (G1)
17- 26 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
28- 37 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
39- 44 F6.1 mas/yr pmRA [-338/406] Proper motion along RA (pmRA*cosDE)
46- 51 F6.1 mas/yr pmDE [-287/111] Proper motion along DE
53- 57 F5.2 mag FUV [14.21/23.82]? GALEX/FUV band photometry
59- 63 F5.2 mag NUV [14.28/25]? GALEX/NUV band photometry
65- 69 F5.2 mag Vmag [12.73/20.79]? DSS derived V band magnitude,
Lepine & Shara (2005, Cat. I/298)
71- 75 F5.2 mag Jmag [9.98/17.08]? 2MASS J band magnitude
77- 81 F5.2 mag Hmag [9.34/16.95]? 2MASS H band magnitude
83- 87 F5.2 mag Ksmag [9.03/16.38]? 2MASS Ks band magnitude
89- 93 F5.2 mag NUV-V [-1.44/9.6]? Galex NUV - DSS V band color
95- 98 F4.2 mag V-Ks [0.52/6.19]? DSS V - 2MASS Ks color
100-105 A6 --- Type WD+dM type (1)
107-115 A9 --- Ref Reference (2)
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Note (1): Types of WD+dMs are given according to the convention outlined in
Rebassa-Mansergas et al. (2010, J/MNRAS/402/620). For objects found in
both SDSS and SUPERBLINK, we have used the types given by the
catalogue maintained at http://sdss-wdms.org/.
A colon after a component type indicates the classification of that
component is uncertain.
Parentheses indicate that the system is a WD+dM candidate. More
details about these classifications can be found in
Rebassa-Mansergas et al. (2010, J/MNRAS/402/620).
Note (2): References as follows:
F05 = Farihi et al. (2005, J/ApJS/161/394);
F06 = Farihi et al. (2006ApJ...646..480F 2006ApJ...646..480F);
H07 = Hoard et al. (2007, J/AJ/134/26);
L82 = Lanning (1982ApJ...253..752L 1982ApJ...253..752L);
L14 = Li et al. (2014, J/MNRAS/445/1331);
L13 = Limoges et al. (2013, J/AJ/145/136);
M76 = Margon et al. (1976ApJ...209..525M 1976ApJ...209..525M);
M12 = Morgan et al. (2012, J/AJ/144/93);
O10 = Ostensen et al. (2010, J/MNRAS/409/1470);
RM12 = Rebassa-Mansergas et al. (2012MNRAS.423..320R 2012MNRAS.423..320R);
R14 = Ren et al. (2014, J/A+A/570/A107);
T07 = Tappert et al. (2007A&A...475..575T 2007A&A...475..575T);
W03 = Wachter et al. (2003, J/ApJ/586/1356);
S10 = Schonrich et al. (2010MNRAS.403.1829S 2010MNRAS.403.1829S).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 A2 --- --- [PM]
4- 15 A12 --- PM SUPERBLINK identifier (PM IHHMMm+DDMMW) (G1)
17- 19 F3.1 --- SpT-dM [0/9.5] Derived M dwarf spectral type
21- 28 F8.1 K Teff-WD [6000/100000] White dwarf effective
temperature
30- 33 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg-WD [5.5/9] White dwarf surface gravity
35- 40 F6.1 km/s RV-WD [-377.5/333.1] White dwarf radial velocity
42- 46 F5.1 km/s e_RV-WD [7.5/723.6] Uncertainty in RV-WD
48- 53 F6.1 km/s RV-dM [-665.1/553.9] M dwarf radial velocity
55- 59 F5.1 km/s e_RV-dM [5.3/576.3] Uncertainty in RV-dM
61- 66 F6.1 km/s RV-Sys [-487.6/514.3] System radial velocity
68- 72 F5.1 km/s e_RV-Sys [0.2/428.5] Uncertainty in RV-Sys
74- 81 F8.2 AU Sep [0/33499.38] Separation (in AU)
83 I1 --- AFlag [0/2] Activity flag (1 = Active M dwarf,
0 = Inactive M dwarf, 2 = Not determined)
85- 88 I4 pc Dist-dM [29/1701]? Distance to M dwarf
90- 93 I4 pc Dist-WD [31/1184]? Distance to white dwarf
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 A2 --- --- [PM]
4- 15 A12 --- PM SUPERBLINK identifier (PM IHHMMm+DDMMW) (G1)
17- 23 F7.2 km/s UVel [-690.83/385.93] System heliocentric space
velocity component U
25- 30 F6.2 km/s e_UVel [0.82/186.73] Uncertainty in UVel
32- 38 F7.2 km/s VVel [-627.83/425.48] System heliocentric space
velocity component V
40- 45 F6.2 km/s e_VVel [2.05/134.23] Uncertainty in VVel
47- 53 F7.2 km/s WVel [-436.28/477.82] System heliocentric space
velocity component W
55- 60 F6.2 km/s e_WVel [1.43/382.27] Uncertainty in WVel
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Global notes:
Note (G1): SUPERBLINK identifiers follow those used in Lepine (2008,
J/AJ/135/2177), Lepine & Gaidos (2011, J/AJ/142/138) and
Lepine et al. (2013, J/AJ/145/102), IHHMMm+DDMMWw which are tied to
the ICRS coordinate system through 2MASS, and include disambiguation
letters (W) of the form "NESW" following Eggen (1979ApJS...39...89E 1979ApJS...39...89E);
see also Section 3 of Lepine & Gaidos (2011, J/AJ/142/138).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 07-Jun-2018