J/AJ/154/122 Radial velocities for the HD 3167 system (Christiansen+, 2017)
Three's company: an additional non-transiting super-Earth in the bright
HD 3167 system, and masses for all three planets.
Christiansen J.L., Vanderburg A., Burt J., Fulton B.J., Batygin K.,
Benneke B., Brewer J.M., Charbonneau D., Ciardi D.R., Cameron A.C.,
Coughlin J.L., Crossfield I.J.M., Dressing C., Greene T.P., Howard A.W.,
Latham D.W., Molinari E., Mortier A., Mullally F., Pepe F., Rice K.,
Sinukoff E., Sozzetti A., Thompson S.E., Udry S., Vogt S.S., Barman T.S.,
Batalha N.E., Bouchy F., Buchhave L.A., Butler R.P., Cosentino R.,
Dupuy T.J., Ehrenreich D., Fiorenzano A., Hansen B.M.S., Henning T.,
Hirsch L., Holden B.P., Isaacson H.T., Johnson J.A., Knutson H.A.,
Kosiarek M., Lopez-Morales M., Lovis C., Malavolta L., Mayor M., Micela G.,
Motalebi F., Petigura E., Phillips D.F., Piotto G., Rogers L.A.,
Sasselov D., Schlieder J.E., Segransan D., Watson C.A., Weiss L.M.
<Astron. J., 154, 122 (2017)>
=2017AJ....154..122C 2017AJ....154..122C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, nearby ; Exoplanets ; Radial velocities
Keywords: eclipses - stars: individual (HD 3167) - techniques: photometric -
techniques: spectroscopic
Abstract:
HD 3167 is a bright (V=8.9), nearby K0 star observed by the NASA K2
mission (EPIC 220383386), hosting two small, short-period transiting
planets. Here we present the results of a multi-site, multi-instrument
radial-velocity campaign to characterize the HD 3167 system. The
masses of the transiting planets are 5.02±0.38 M{earth} for
HD 3167 b, a hot super-Earth with a likely rocky composition
(ρb=5.60-1.43+2.15 g/cm3), and 9.80-1.24+1.30 M{earth}
for HD 3167 c, a warm sub-Neptune with a likely substantial volatile
complement (ρc=1.97-0.59+0.94 g/cm3). We explore the
possibility of atmospheric composition analysis and determine that
planet c is amenable to transmission spectroscopy measurements, and
planet b is a potential thermal emission target. We detect a third,
non-transiting planet, HD 3167 d, with a period of 8.509±0.045 d
(between planets b and c) and a minimum mass of 6.90±0.71 M{earth}.
We are able to constrain the mutual inclination of planet d with
planets b and c: we rule out mutual inclinations below 1.3° because
we do not observe transits of planet d. From 1.3° to 40°, there
are viewing geometries invoking special nodal configurations, which
result in planet d not transiting some fraction of the time. From
40° to 60°, Kozai-Lidov oscillations increase the system's
instability, but it can remain stable for up to 100 Myr. Above
60°, the system is unstable. HD 3167 promises to be a fruitful
system for further study and a preview of the many exciting systems
expected from the upcoming NASA TESS mission.
Description:
The final data set includes observations obtained with Keck/HIRES,
Automated Planet Finder (APF)/Levy, and HARPS-N.
Our observational setup for both Keck/HIRES and the APF/Levy was
essentially identical to those described in Fulton et al. (2016,
J/ApJ/830/46) and Burt et al. (2014ApJ...789..114B 2014ApJ...789..114B). We collected a
total of 60 RV measurements using Keck/HIRES (Vogt et al.
1994SPIE.2198..362V 1994SPIE.2198..362V), and 116 measurements using the Levy Spectrograph
on the APF (Radovan et al. 2014SPIE.9145E..2BR; Vogt et al.
2014PASP..126..359V 2014PASP..126..359V) at Lick Observatory between 2016 July 7 and 2016
December 2.
We also observed HD 3167 with the HARPS-N spectrograph (Cosentino et al.
2012SPIE.8446E..1VC) located at the 3.58 m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo
on the island of La Palma, Spain. HARPS-N is a stabilized spectrograph
designed for precise RV measurements. We observed HD 3167 76 times
between 2016 July 7 (independently beginning the same night as the
HIRES/APF campaign) and 2016 December 7, obtaining high-resolution
optical spectra with a spectral resolving power of R=115000.
Objects:
------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
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00 34 57.52 +04 22 53.3 HD 3167 = HIP 2736
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 32 252 Radial Velocities for HD 3167
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See also:
J/ApJ/829/L9 : K2 LC of HD 3167 and Robo-AO image (Vanderburg+, 2016)
J/ApJ/830/46 : Radial velocities of 3 Neptune-mass planet hosts (Fulton+, 2016)
J/AJ/153/208 : LCES HIRES/Keck radial velocity Exoplanet Survey (Butler+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/123 : Radial velocity follow-up of the HD 3167 system
(Gandolfi+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 F11.5 d HJD [17576.70031/17728.4833] Heliocentric Julian Date
(HJD-2440000) UTC
13- 20 F8.2 m/s RV [-14.91/19534.88] Radial velocity (1)
22- 25 F4.2 m/s e_RV [0.52/2.73] Uncertainty in RV (2)
27- 32 A6 --- Inst Instrument (APF, HARPSN, HIRES or APFS)
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Note (1): Zero point offsets between instruments have not been removed and must
be fit as free parameters when analyzing this dataset.
System velocity:
γHIRES = -0.9+0.46-0.47
γAPF = -0.51+0.36-0.37
γHARPSN = -19528.8±0.23
Note (2): Stellar jitter has not been incorporated into the uncertainties.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 06-Jun-2018