J/AJ/158/167 Speckle observations & orbits of multiple stars (Tokovinin+, 2019)
Speckle observations and orbits of multiple stars.
Tokovinin A., Everett M.E., Horch E.P., Torres G., Latham D.W.
<Astron. J., 158, 167 (2019)>
=2019AJ....158..167T 2019AJ....158..167T (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Photometry ; Optical ;
Interferometry ; Radial velocities
Keywords: Trinary stars - Speckle interferometry - Visual binary stars -
Spectroscopic binary stars
Abstract:
We report results of speckle-interferometric monitoring of visual
hierarchical systems using the newly commissioned instrument NN-EXPLORE
Exoplanet and Stellar Speckle Imager at the 3.5 m WIYN telescope. During
one year, 390 measurements of 129 resolved subsystems were made, while
some targets were unresolved. Using our astrometry and archival data,
we computed 36 orbits (27 for the first time). Spectro-interferometric
orbits of seven pairs are determined by combining positional measurements
with radial velocities measured, mostly, with the Center for Astrophysics
digital speedometers. For the hierarchical systems HIP 65026 (periods 49
and 1.23 yr) and HIP 85209 (periods 34 and 1.23 yr) we determined both
the inner and the outer orbits using astrometry and radial velocities and
measured the mutual orbit inclinations of 11.3°±1.0° and
12.0°±3.0°, respectively. Four bright stars are resolved for
the first time; two of those are triple systems. Several visual subsystems
announced in the literature are shown to be spurious. We note that
subsystems in compact hierarchies with outer separations less than 100 au
tend to have less eccentric orbits compared to wider hierarchies.
Description:
The speckle camera at the WIYN telescope is called NESSI for NASA-NSF
Exoplanet Observational Research (NN-EXPLORE) Exoplanet Stellar Speckle
Imager. This is a dual-channel imaging instrument (Scott et al.
2018PASP..130e4502S 2018PASP..130e4502S). Here we used the 562.3/43.6 nm filter in the blue
channel and the 716.0/51.5 nm in the red channel (some observations were
obtained instead in the 832.0/40.4 nm filter). The data used in this paper
have been obtained during 33 nights in the period from 2018 February 2
to 2019 January 30. A total of 2057 data cubes were recorded, amounting
to 23 hr of the open-shutter time.
Radial velocities for several systems have been obtained at the
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) using several instruments
on different telescopes. We also used the Tillinghast Reflector Echelle
Spectrograph (TRES; Szentgyorgyi & Furesz 2007RMxAC..28..129; Furesz 2008,
PhD thesis Univ. Szeged, Hungary) attached to the 1.5 m telescope on Mount
Hopkins. Most data come from the CfA spectrometers, while TRES contributed
34 observations, mostly of HIP 85209.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 121 388 Measurements of multiple stars at WIYN
table2.dat 84 461 Unresolved stars
table4.dat 73 577 Position measurements and residuals
stars.dat 70 10 List of stars in Table 5
table5.dat 59 757 Radial velocities and residuals
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See also:
B/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-2014)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/A+A/382/118 : Spectroscopic sub-systems in multiple stars
(Tokovinin+, 2002)
J/AJ/143/10 : 2008-2009 WIYN speckle observations of binaries. VII.
(Horch+, 2012)
J/other/AstBu/68.53 : Nearby multiple Speckle interferometry. V.
(Balega+, 2013)
J/AJ/155/160 : Multiple systems:relative positions and residuals
(Tokovinin, 2018)
J/AJ/155/235 : Speckle interferometry at SOAR in 2016 and 2017
(Tokovinin+, 2018)
J/ApJS/235/6 : Updated Multiple Star Catalog (MSC); August 2019
(Tokovinin, 2018)
J/A+A/626/A31 : Radial velocities of nearby stars (Sperauskas+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/56 : DSSI observations of binary + trinary star systems
(Horch+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- WDS WDS identification (HHMMm+DDMM, J2000)
12- 18 A7 --- Disc Discoverer designation
20- 24 A5 --- Comp Components designation
26- 35 A10 --- OName Other name
37- 44 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
46- 52 F7.4 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
54- 62 F9.4 yr Epoch [2018.0876/2019.0649] Epoch of observation
(expressed as a fractional Julian year)
64- 66 I3 nm Filt [562/832] Filter used
68- 69 I2 --- N [1/10] Number of observations used
71- 75 F5.1 deg PA [0/358.8] Position angle
77- 80 F4.1 mas Err [0/17.8] Internal error in tangential
direction
82- 87 F6.4 arcsec Sep [0.026/2.2224] Separation
89- 92 F4.1 mas e_Sep [0/17.8] The 1σ uncertainty in Sep
94- 97 F4.1 mag Dmag [-0.2/6.9] Magnitude difference of pair
99 A1 --- f_Dmag [*:q] Flag on Dmag (1)
101-105 F5.1 deg (O-C)PA [-49/180.1]? The (O-C) in PA
107-112 F6.3 arcsec (O-C)Sep [-0.02/0.073]? The (O-C) in Sep
114-121 A8 --- Ref Reference code (2)
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
* = Dmag and the true quadrant are determined from the resolved long-exposure
image;
: = Data are noisy and Dmag is likely over-estimated, or tentative resolution;
q = True quadrant is established from the shift-and-add (SAA) image.
Note (2): Reference codes for this Table are available at
http://ad.usno.navy.mil/wds/orb6/wdsref.txt. Orbits from this article are
referenced as WIYN2019.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- WDS WDS identification (HHMMm+DDMM, J2000)
12- 18 A7 --- Disc Discoverer designation
20- 24 A5 --- Comp Components designation
26- 35 A10 --- OName Other name
37- 44 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
46- 52 F7.4 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
54- 62 F9.4 yr Epoch [2018.0878/2019.0652] Epoch of observation
(expressed as a fractional Julian year)
64- 66 I3 nm Filt [562/832] Filter used
68 I1 --- N [1/9] Number of observations used
70- 74 F5.3 arcsec MinSep [0.037/0.15] Angular resolution
76- 79 F4.2 mag Dm0.15 [1.78/3.57] The 5σ magnitude difference
at 0.15"
81- 84 F4.2 mag Dm1 [1.78/5.44] The 5σ magnitude difference
at 1"
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- WDS WDS identification (HHMMm+DDMM, J2000)
12- 19 A8 --- Disc Discoverer code and components
21- 26 A6 --- Comp Components designation
28- 36 F9.4 yr Date [1843.33/2019.2122] Besselian year of
observation
38- 42 F5.1 deg PA [0.4/358.1] Position angle
44- 49 F6.4 arcsec Sep [0.0121/1.76] Separation
51- 57 F7.4 arcsec e_Sep [0.002/20.05] Error in Sep
59- 63 F5.1 deg (O-C)PA [-48.7/24.7] Residual in PA
65- 71 F7.4 arcsec (O-C)Sep [-0.34/0.3213] Residual in Sep
73 A1 --- Ref Reference to technique (1)
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Note (1): Observing technique as follows:
H = Hipparcos;
h = HST;
M = Visual micrometer measures;
S = Speckle interferometry at SOAR;
s = Speckle interferometry at other telescopes;
a = Adaptive optics;
G = Gaia;
W = Speckle interferometry at WIYN.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- WDS WDS identification (HHMMm+DDMM, J2000)
12- 18 A7 --- Disc Discoverer code and components
20- 25 A6 --- Comp Components designation
27- 28 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension from the WDS catalog
(Cat. B/wds) (J2000)
30- 31 I2 min RAm WDS Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
33- 37 F5.2 s RAs WDS Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
39 A1 --- DE- WDS Sign of the Declination (J2000)
40- 41 I2 deg DEd WDS Degree of Declination (J2000)
43- 44 I2 arcmin DEm WDS Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
46- 49 F4.1 arcsec DEs WDS Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
51- 58 F8.5 yr Per [0.1481/43.2] Period from Table 6 of this paper
60- 66 F7.5 yr e_Per [1e-05/2.7] Uncertainty in Per
68- 70 I3 --- NRV [30/179] Number of radial velocity measurements
in Table 5
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- WDS WDS identification (HHMMm+DDMM, J2000)
12- 18 A7 --- Disc Discoverer code and components
20- 25 A6 --- Comp Components designation
27- 36 F10.4 d Date [45162.6751/58297.379] Date (HJD-2400000)
38- 43 F6.2 km/s RV [-37.87/31.66] Radial velocity
45- 50 F6.2 km/s e_RV [0.07/10] Error on RV
52- 56 F5.2 km/s (O-C)RV [-4.43/5.36] Residual in RV
58 A1 --- Flag Flag for component (a=Primary; b=Secondary;
c=Tertiary)
59 A1 --- Inst Instrument (1)
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Note (1): Instrument as follows:
G = RV from Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/345);
S = RV from Sperauskas et al. (2019, J/A+A/626/A31);
s = Not explained in this paper;
T = RV measured from the TRES spectra;
t = RV from Tokovinin & Smekhov (2002, J/A+A/382/118).
RVs from the CfA digital speedometers have no instrument codes.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 20-Nov-2019