J/AJ/159/21 V and Rc light curves of medium-bright PPNe (Hrivnak+, 2020)
Variability in proto-planetary nebulae.
VI. Multitelescope light curve studies of several medium-bright (v=13-15),
carbon-rich objects.
Hrivnak B.J., Henson G., Hillwig T.C., Lu W., Murphy B.W., Kaitchuck R.H.
<Astron. J., 159, 21-21 (2020)>
=2020AJ....159...21H 2020AJ....159...21H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Photometry, VRI; Planetary nebulae; Stars, carbon; Stars, giant
Keywords: Protoplanetary nebulae; Post-asymptotic giant branch; Carbon stars
Stellar pulsations; Pulsating variable stars; Circumstellar dust
Red giant stars
Abstract:
We present 10 years of new photometric monitoring of the light
variability of five evolved stars with strong mid-infrared emission
from surrounding dust. Three are known carbon-rich proto-planetary
nebulae (PPNe) with F-G spectral types; the nature of the other two
was previously unknown. For the three PPNe, we determine or refine the
pulsation periods of IRAS04296+3429 (71 days), 06530-0213 (80 days),
and 23304+6147 (84 days). A secondary period was found for each, with
a period ratio P2/P1 of 0.9. The light variations are small,
0.1-0.2mag. These are similar to values found in other PPNe. The other
two are found to be giant stars. IRAS09296+1159 pulsates with a period
of only 47 days but reaches pulsational light variations of 0.5mag.
Supplemental spectroscopy reveals the spectrum of a CH carbon star.
IRAS08359-1644 is a G1III star that does not display pulsational
variability; rather, it shows nonperiodic decreases of brightness of
up to 0.5mag over this 10 year interval. These drops in brightness are
reminiscent of the light curves of R Corona Borealis variables, but
with much smaller decreases in brightness and are likely due to
transient dust obscuration. Its spectral energy distribution is very
similar to that of the unusual oxygen-rich giant star HDE233517, which
possesses mid-infrared hydrocarbon emission features. These two
non-PPNe turn out to be members of the rare group of giant stars with
large mid-infrared excesses due to dust, objects which presumably have
interesting evolutionary histories.
Description:
Observations were carried out with three different telescopes.
The Valparaiso University Observatory (VUO) 0.4m campus telescope was
the main one used. Each of the objects has been observed from the VUO,
beginning in 2008 or 2009 and continuing through 2018, with the last
observations made in 2018 May. Typical exposure times at the VUO
ranged from 8 to 30 minutes for the different objects. The FWHM of the
VUO images were typically 2.5"-3.0".
Two telescopes operated by the Southeastern Association for Research
in Astronomy (SARA) were also used: the 0.9m at Kitt Peak National
Observatory (SARA-KP) and the 0.6m Lowell telescope at Cerro-Tololo
Interamerican Observatory (SARA-CT). Each was equipped with a CCD
detector and standard Johnson BV and Cousins RI filters. In this
program, we are using the V and RC filters.
Three objects were observed with the SARA telescopes. These
observations were also begun in 2008 or 2009 and continued through
2018 April. However, for each of the SARA telescopes, we went through
a succession of three different detectors and in one case two
different filter sets.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 112 5 List of the proto-planetary nebulae (PPNe) observed
table7.dat 54 818 Differential standard magnitudes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
II/118 : UBVRI standards around Celestial Equator (Landolt 1983)
II/125 : IRAS catalogue of Point Sources, Version 2.0 (Joint, 1986)
II/183 : UBVRI Photometric Standards (Landolt 1992)
I/305 : The Guide Star Catalog, Version 2.3.2 (GSC2.3) (Lasker+, 2006)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+, 2003)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
J/ApJS/122/221 : A mid-IR survey of Proto-PNs Candidates (Meixner+, 1999)
J/A+A/417/269 : Equivalent widths of two post-AGB stars (Reyniers+, 2004)
J/A+A/458/173 : Optical spectroscopy of 253 IRAS sources (Suarez+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/369/751 : Near-infrared photometry of carbon stars (Whitelock+, 2006)
J/ApJ/709/1042 : Variability in C-rich proto-PNe. (Hrivnak+, 2010)
J/ApJ/765/12 : Carbon stars & DQ white dwarfs from SDSS-DR7+DR8 (Green,2013)
J/ApJ/766/116 : Variability in proto-PNe. II. (Hrivnak+, 2013)
J/AJ/149/184 : Long-term photometry for 4 O-rich PPNe (Hrivnak+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/123 : Catalog of 316 K giant candidates (Rebull+, 2015)
J/A+A/587/A6 : Linelist of 14 Galactic post-AGB stars (De Smedt+, 2016)
J/ApJS/226/1 : Carbon stars from LAMOST DR2 data (Ji+, 2016)
J/AJ/156/300 : Velocity & light curve analysis of three PPNe (Hrivnak+,2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 A4 --- --- [IRAS]
5- 14 A10 --- IRAS IRAS identification of the PPN target
(HHMMm+DDMM; B1950; Cat. II/125)
16- 25 A10 --- GSC2.3 Identification from the Guide Star Catalog II,
version 2.3.3 (I/305)
27- 43 A17 --- 2MASS 2MASS identification (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSss)
45- 46 I2 h RAh 2MASS hour of right ascension (J2000)
48- 49 I2 min RAm 2MASS minute of right ascension (J2000)
51- 54 F4.1 s RAs 2MASS second of right ascension (J2000)
56 A1 --- DE- 2MASS sign of declination (J2000)
57- 58 I2 deg DEd 2MASS degree of declination (J2000)
60- 61 I2 arcmin DEm 2MASS arcminute of declination (J2000)
63- 64 I2 arcsec DEs 2MASS arcsecond of declination (J2000)
66- 70 F5.1 deg GLON [113/241] Galactic longitude (J2000)
72- 76 F5.1 deg GLAT [-9/41] Galactic latitude (J2000)
78- 81 F4.1 mag Vmag [13/14] V band magnitude (1)
83- 85 F3.1 --- B-V [1.2/2.4] B-V color index (1)
87- 93 A7 --- SpT1 Spectral type 1
95 A1 --- r_SpT1 Reference flag on SpT1 (2)
97-103 A7 --- SpT2 Spectral type 2
105 A1 --- r_SpT2 Reference flag on SpT2 (2)
107-110 A4 --- SpT3 Spectral type 3
112 A1 --- r_SpT3 Reference flag on SpT3 (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): These values are all variable as discussed in the paper.
Note (2): References as follows:
d = Hrivnak, 1995ApJ...438..341H 1995ApJ...438..341H
e = Suarez+, 2006, J/A+A/458/173
f = Sanchez Contreras, 2008ApJS..179..166S 2008ApJS..179..166S
g = Hrivnak & Reddy, 2003ApJ...590.1049H 2003ApJ...590.1049H
h = This study
i = Ji+, 2016, J/ApJS/226/1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 A4 --- --- [IRAS]
5- 14 A10 --- IRAS IRAS identification of PPN target
(HHMMm+DDMM; B1950)
18- 27 F10.4 d HJDV [54731/58240]? Heliocentric Julian Date, V band
observation, HJD-2400000
29- 33 F5.3 mag DelV [0.064/1.6]? Differential magnitude in V
(offset included)
35- 45 F11.4 d HJDRc [54731.9/567321]? Heliocentric Julian Date, Rc
band observation, HJD-2400000
47- 52 F6.3 mag DelRc [-0.68/0.81]? Differential magnitude in Rc
(offset included)
54- 54 A1 --- Tel [A-H] Telescope-detector-filter system code (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Code as follows:
A = VUO/SBIG: The Valparaiso University Observatory (VUO) 0.4m campus
telescope with the SBIG 6303 CCD camera
B = SARA-KP/U42: the 0.9m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory
operated by the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy
(SARA) with U42 CCD camera
C = SARA-KP/U42 alternative filter set
D = SARA-KP/FLI Finger Lakes camera used at SARA-KP for a short time in 2009
E = SARA-KP/ARC
F = SARA-CT/E6: the 0.6m Lowell telescope at Cerro-Tololo Interamerican
Observatory operated by the Southeastern Association for Research
in Astronomy (SARA)
G = SARA-CT/ARC
H = SARA-CT/FLI
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal.
In Table 7, HJDRc 567320.6015 was a misprint for 56730.6015;
corrected at CDS.
Acknowledgements:
Bruce Hrivnak [Valparaiso University]
References:
Hrivnak et al. Paper I. 2010ApJ...709.1042H 2010ApJ...709.1042H Cat. J/ApJ/709/1042
Hrivnak et al. Paper II. 2013ApJ...766..116H 2013ApJ...766..116H Cat. J/ApJ/766/116
Hrivnak et al. Paper III. 2015ApJ...805...78H 2015ApJ...805...78H
Hrivnak et al. Paper IV. 2015AJ....149..184H 2015AJ....149..184H Cat. J/AJ/149/184
Hrivnak et al. Paper V. 2018AJ....156..300H 2018AJ....156..300H Cat. J/AJ/156/300
Hrivnak et al. Paper VI. 2020AJ....159...21H 2020AJ....159...21H This catalog
Hrivnak et al. Paper VII. 2020ApJ...901....9H 2020ApJ...901....9H Cat. J/ApJ/901/9
Hrivnak et al. Paper VIII. 2021AJ....162..248H 2021AJ....162..248H
Hrivnak et al. Paper IX. 2022ApJ...939...32H 2022ApJ...939...32H Cat. J/ApJ/939/32
Hrivnak et al. Paper X. 2024AJ....167...30H 2024AJ....167...30H Cat. J/AJ/167/30
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS] 04-Mar-2020