J/AJ/160/108 Gaia-Kepler stellar properties catalog. II. Planets (Berger+, 2020)
The Gaia-Kepler stellar properties catalog.
II. Planet radius demographics as a function of stellar mass and age.
Berger T.A., Huber D., Gaidos E., van Saders J.L., Weiss L.M.
<Astron. J., 160, 108 (2020)>
=2020AJ....160..108B 2020AJ....160..108B
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Stars, giant; Infrared; Optical
Keywords: Super Earths ; Habitable planets ; Exoplanet catalogs ;
Planet hosting stars ; Exoplanet systems ; Exoplanet evolution ;
Hot Neptunes ; Extrasolar gas giants
Abstract:
Studies of exoplanet demographics require large samples and precise
constraints on exoplanet host stars. Using the homogeneous Kepler
stellar properties derived using the Gaia Data Release 2 by Berger et
al., we recompute Kepler planet radii and incident fluxes and
investigate their distributions with stellar mass and age. We measure
the stellar mass dependence of the planet radius valley to be
dlogRp/dlogM*=0.26-0.16+0.21, consistent with the slope
predicted by a planet mass dependence on stellar mass (0.24-0.35) and
core-powered mass loss (0.33). We also find the first evidence of a
stellar age dependence of the planet populations straddling the radius
valley. Specifically, we determine that the fraction of super-Earths
(1-1.8{R⊕) to sub-Neptunes (1.8-3.5R⊕) increases from
0.61±0.09 at young ages (<1Gyr) to 1.00±0.10 at old ages
(>1Gyr), consistent with the prediction by core-powered mass loss that
the mechanism shaping the radius valley operates over Gyr timescales.
Additionally, we find a tentative decrease in the radii of relatively
cool (Fp<150{F}⊕) sub-Neptunes over Gyr timescales, which
suggests that these planets may possess H/He envelopes instead of
higher mean molecular weight atmospheres. We confirm the existence of
planets within the hot sub-Neptunian "desert"
(2.2R⊕<Rp<3.8R⊕, Fp>650F⊕) and show that these
planets are preferentially orbiting more evolved stars compared to
other planets at similar incident fluxes. In addition, we identify
candidates for cool (Fp<20F⊕) inflated Jupiters, present a
revised list of habitable zone candidates, and find that the ages of
single and multiple transiting planet systems are statistically
indistinguishable.
Description:
We computed the updated planet radii utilizing the planet-to-star
radius ratios provided in the KOI table from the NASA Exoplanet
Archive and the stellar radii computed in
Paper I (Berger+, 2020, J/AJ/159/280). In addition, we updated
semimajor axes using the stellar masses in Paper I and the orbital
periods in Thompson+, 2018, J/ApJS/235/38. Finally, we updated the
incident fluxes for each planet by using the semimajor axes and
stellar luminosities from Paper I.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 126 3898 Planet parameters
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/A+A/529/A75 : Limb-darkening coefficients (Claret+, 2011)
J/PASP/124/1279 : Q3 Kepler's combined photometry (Christiansen+, 2012)
J/ApJ/771/107 : Spectroscopy of faint KOI stars (Everett+, 2013)
J/ApJ/775/L11 : Stellar rotation periods for KOIs (McQuillan+, 2013)
J/ApJ/780/159 : Rotation-mass-age relation. old field stars (Epstein+, 2014)
J/ApJ/790/146 : Planets Kepler's multi-transiting systems (Fabrycky+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/2 : Stellar properties of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)
J/ApJ/791/35 : Detection of 715 Kepler planet cand. host stars (Law+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)
J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)
J/ApJ/813/100 : Deep GALEX NUV survey of the Kepler field. I. (Olmedo+,2015)
J/MNRAS/452/2127 : Fundamental parameters of Kepler stars (Silva Aguirre+,2015)
J/ApJ/831/64 : Mass-metallicity relation giant planets (Thorngren+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/109 : California-Kepler Survey. III. Planet radii (Fulton+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/71 : Kepler follow-up obs. program. I. Imaging (Furlan+, 2017)
J/ApJ/844/102 : KIC star plxs from asteroseismology vs Gaia (Huber+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/108 : California-Kepler Survey II. Properties (Johnson+, 2017)
J/ApJS/229/30 : Revised stellar properties of Q1-17 Kepler (Mathur+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey. I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)
J/ApJ/855/115 : Lithium abundances of KOIs from CKS spectra (Berger+, 2018)
J/ApJ/866/99 : Radii of KIC stars & planets using Gaia DR2 (Berger+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/479/5491 : Absolute parameters of 509 main-sequence stars (Eker+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/264 : California-Kepler Survey. VII. Planet radius (Fulton+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/89 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). IV. Planets (Petigura+,2018)
J/ApJS/239/32 : APOKASC-2 catalog Kepler evolved stars (Pinsonneault+, 2018)
J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler planet. cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+,2018)
J/AJ/157/143 : Kepler GK dwarf planet candidate samples (Burke+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/227 : Asteroseismic parameters of RGB stars (Grunblatt+, 2019)
J/A+A/623/A85 : Evolut. models of cold and low-mass planets (Linder, 2019)
J/ApJ/875/29 : Spectroscopic analysis of the CKS sample I. (Martinez+,2019)
J/AJ/157/145 : HIRES RVs of 3 compact, multiplanet systems (Mills+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/280 : Gaia-Kepler stellar prop. cat. I. KIC stars (Berger+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/3 : RVs of M-dwarf LTT 3780 with HARPS (Cloutier+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/211 : Exoplanets parameters from Kepler and K2 (Cloutier+, 2020)
J/ApJS/247/28 : K2 star param. from Gaia & LAMOST (Hardegree-Ullman+, 2020)
http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/ : NASA exoplanet archive homepage
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 I8 --- KIC Kepler input catalog identifier
10- 16 F7.2 --- KOI Kepler object of interest planet ID
18- 26 A9 --- PD Planet Disposition (1878 candidates and 2020
confirmed)
28- 35 F8.2 Rgeo Radius [0.28/77247] Planet Radius
37- 44 F8.2 Rgeo E_Radius [0.01/33204] Upper uncertainty on Radius
46- 53 F8.2 Rgeo e_Radius [0.01/22537] Lower uncertainty on Radius
55- 60 F6.4 au a [0.006/2.76]? Semi-major axis
62- 67 F6.4 au E_a [0.0001/0.14]? Upper uncertainty on a
69- 74 F6.4 au e_a [0.0001/0.14]? Lower uncertainty on a
76- 84 F9.2 Earth Flux [0.03/165894]? Incident Flux
86- 93 F8.2 Earth E_Flux [0/17898]? Upper uncertainty on Flux
95-102 F8.2 Earth e_Flux [0/13972]? Lower uncertainty on Flux
104-112 F9.2 Earth ZAMSFlux [0.02/104977] Zero Age Main Sequence flux
114-126 A13 --- Flag Interesting Object Flag (1)
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Note (1): Flags as follows:
Old = The host star is included in the older than 1Gyr sample (Section 4.2)
Young = The host star is included in the younger than 1Gyr sample
(Section 4.2)
Gap = The planet is located within the valley (Section 4.3)
Desert = The planet is located within the hot sub-Neptunian desert
(Section 5)
HZ = The planet is in the habitable zone (Section 6.2)
AO = The host star has an AO-detected stellar companion
(Furlan+, 2017, J/AJ/153/71).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Berger et al. Paper I: 2020AJ....159..280B 2020AJ....159..280B cat. J/AJ/159/280
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 22-Oct-2020